U. S. FOOD ADMINISTRATION
THE OFFICIAL BULLETIN
RALEIGH, N. <!., OCTOBER 1, 1918
No. 9
United States Food Administration
THE OFFICIAL BULLETIN
FOR NORTH CAROLINA
Henby A. Page, Food Administrator.
John Paul Lucas, Executive Secretary and
Director of Public Information.
This bulletin is issued for the convenience
and information of County Food Administrators and members of their organizations, for
licensees under the Food Administration, for
unlicensed merchants, and for ministers and
other community leaders who are interested
in and desire to promote home service in the
war through increased production and conservation of food and feedstuffs.
POSSIBILITY OF SAVING
12,000,000 BUSHELS CORN
Feeding of Part Ration of Cottonseed Meal
to Work Stock and Hogs Great Conservation Measure—Fertilizer Value Would be
Saved—Farmers Can Gain $18,000,000.
There are in the State of North Carolina
185,000 horses and 200,000 mules, a total of
385,000 head of work stock. Repeated and
conclusive tests have shown that a grain
ration in which two pounds of cottonseed
meal is substituted for four pounds of corn
is a better balanced and more valuable ration
for the average horse or mule than an all-
corn grain ration.
If the better-balanced ration, containing
two pounds of cottonseed meal, were fed 365
days in the year to every head of work stock
in the State, it would furnish a market for
140,000 tons of meal, which would take the
place of approximately 10,000,000 bushels of
The 140.000 tons of meal would be worth,
at present prices, $7,420,000. The corn which
Lit would replace would be worth, at $2 per
bushel, ,$20,000,000, a clear gain to the farmer
or feeder of $12,580,000.
Approximately 2,000,000 hogs will be finished and slaughtered in North Carolina during the fall and winter. Probably 100 pounds
of cottonseed meal, if fed in two periods
separated by a period of three or four weeks,
during which meal was taken from the
ration, could be fed to each hog in the place
of a larger quantity of corn, and produce a
firmer, better .finish and make cheaper gains.
Using only 60 pounds per head, however,
assuming that the meal takes the place of
only the same weight of corn—but remembering that it gives a quicker, better and cheaper
finish—60,000 tons of meal might be used to
save $2,130,000 bushels of corn. The 60,000
tons of meal would be worth $3,180,000; the
2,130,000 bushels of corn, $4,260,000.
Thus, the feeding of cottonseed meal in a
balanced ration to work.stock and to swine
would save in North Carolina more than
12,000,000 bushels of corn and give the farmer
in cash, as the difference in the market value
of the two feeds, the sum of $13,660,000 in
cold cash.
The story does not end here, however.
The cottonseed meal in the manure from the
animals would have a theoretical value of
approximately $8,000,000, upon the presumption that it would retain 75 per cent of its fertilizing value after passing through the animal ; and it would actually increase the value
of the manure, after figuring out the waste
and loss, probably $4,000,000 to $5,000,000.
Conclusion: The North Carolina farmer is
in position, by following better and more
approved feeding methods, to save 12,000,000
bushels of much needed corn, and at the same
time be the gainer to the extent of $18,000,000
NORTH CAROLINA SHOULD
DEVELOP POULTRY INDUSTRY
One of the greatest opportunities for Increasing the food supply of the nation and
relieving the transportation system as well
as the food situation, is in saving a larger
number of pullets than usual for egg and
poultry production. The high prices being
paid for chickens should not tempt producers
to reduce their stock, even to the usual limit.
Sell the cull pullets and hens and the
roosters. Keep every pullet you can take
care of properly.
Intensive Campaign For Conservation
and Production is Pressing Necessity
AMERICA MUST FURNISH THi: ALLIES WITH 15 MILLION TONS
OF FOODSTUFFS THIS YEAR—FAILURE TO CRUSH GERMANY
IN 1919 WILL COST AMERICA MORE THAN ONE MILLION
LIVES—CALL IS FOR GREATF T POSSIBLE ECONOMY OF ALL
FOODSTUFFS WITH INCREASE? PRODUCTION — EVERY MAN,
WOMAN AND CHILD IN NO|tTII CAROLINA CALLED UPON TO
DO THEIR PART.
In order to fulfill its promise to supply
the armies and civilian population of iU
Allies with 15 million tons of foodstufls
during the present fiscal year—as against
exports of 10 million tons in 1917-1918, S
million tons in 1916-1917, and hardly more
than 3 million tons normally—the Amer«
can people must do their very utmost it>
the two matters of food conservation an*
food production.
Well-known authorities are agreed tin'
Germany will be at its weakest in 1919,
and that unless she is defeated during nex*
year she will have time to organize and
draw upon Roumania and parts of Russia
for food supplies, ammunitions, and evei*
man-power for her armies, and thus re
inforced might be able to withstand t. *
most valiant efforts of the Allies for ser
eral years.
Failure Will be Costly
If the war is continued beyond 1919, more
than one million additional American so
diers will pay with their lives for our fails . I
to win during the campaign of 1919.
In order to have a fair chance to v
next year, our soldiers must have the earn
est, conscientious and effective backing '
every true American at home. They will
not have a fair chance unless we can sup-
ply their fellow-soldiers of England, Frai •
and Italy with sufficient foodstuffs to keep
them in good fighting trim, and the civil)
population of our Allies with sufficient f<
stuffs to sustain therii in healtiradd couk
and to maintain their morale.
Duty of Consumers Simple
The duty of the consumer at home is ■
ply stated. The utmost economy in the
of foodstuffs must be practiced. Every
housewife, every individual, must follow the
slogan:
"BUY LESS,
"COOK LESS,
"EAT LESS."
The number of definite restrictions relathn
to sales a"nd consumption of wheat flour have
been removed, for the reason that v
about as plentiful as other grains and the,
is as much occasion for the conservation a
saving of other grains as there is for the
saving of wheat. The demand is not for tl
saving of any single product, but fo;
saving of ALL products.
Voluntary Cooperatjori Relied Upon
The removal of the restrictions indicates
the absolute confidence of the Food Admin, •
tration in the patriotism and conscience of
the American people. The saving of fooil
stuffs that enabled the Allies to continue
the war was effected through the voluntas
action of the American people. The peo; e
of England, France and Italy appreciate 0
Their appreciation is so deep and since;:
that it should shame every American vi
has not conserved to the utmost of theii
ability.
The conservation that is now asked is r .<
for a week or a month or even a year^for the
necessity for the same degree of saving w" ■
continue until the war is ended and for (
or three or more years after the war Is
ended. Any American, man, woman, or chiiu
who refuses to do his utmost in conserving1
every product, especially the staple food
products, will contribute directly to the d •
ger of a continuation of the war, with ■
resultant sacrifice of hundreds of thousai I
of the boys who are so nobly offering their
lives for their country, for humanity, for
civilization and for Christianity.
"BUY LESS,
"COOK LESS,
"EAT LESS."
The food slacker,- the bond slacker, and
every other kind of slacker are going to ha re
an awfully uncomfortable time when it's nl.
ovei- and the boys come home, some
minus one or both arms, blind, cripple n
mutilated.
INCREASED PRODUCTION
IS NECESSARY TO WIN
The utmost that the 100 million consumers
of America can save will not supply the absolutely necessary demands of our army and
navy and the armies and civilian population
of our Allies unless the production of food
and feedstuffs in America is maintained and
increased.
Our farmers face a real shortage of labor,
and this shortage of labor will become more
and more acute as our young men are mustered into the army, and the ammunition
plants, ship yards, and other war industries
increase their forces, as they must do if we
win the war.
Must Overcome Handicaps
There is no need to argue the question. We
must take the situation as it is, and accomplish what we know would be impossible of
accomplishment under normal conditions—
that is, with greatly decreased agricultural
labor, we must increase agricultural production. ( Our farmers will not complain at
the shortage of labor they experience when
they remember that 95 per cent of the agricultural work in France is being done at
present by women and children, and that
approximately the same situation prevails in
England and Italy. Five million women in
England are working !i fields, war munitions
...■Tpr,.7i f.»s, rind ofiici , ■ mdustnes, and even
in coal mines. That shows the determination
of the British people. It is to be devoutly
hoped that the war can be won without this
degree of war work by American women.
But American women are already stepping
into the gaps in many industries which were
formerly filled by men.
It is absolutely imperative that the people
of the South increase their production of
food and feedstuffs, because food and feedstuffs that are imported into the South not
only curtail the supply available for export
by just that amount, but they also add an increased burden to the railroads, which are
already under a terrific strain on account of
the large volume of war material and troops
they are constantly hauling.
How to Increase Production
Southern farmers may increase the production of food apd feedstuffs in many ways.
Every farmer that has land that is at all
suitable for wheat should plant sufficient
wheat to supply his family and dependents
with breadstuffs.
Every farmer should produce sufficient
feedstuffs for his own establishment, together
with his part of the surplus that is required
at his local markets.
Every farmer can increase his acreage
slightly by planting a larger proportion of
his land in grain and hay crops.
Every family, In country, city, town, or
mill community, which has any available
space should have a war garden. Every dish
of vegetables produced in such a garden takes
the place of some food product which otherwise would be imported.
Every family which can possibly do so
should keep one or more pigs to consume'
waste products or feed which can be grown
upon waste land, and to supply meat which
otherwise would be taken from the supply
that should 'be available for export to our
soldiers and to our Allies in Europe.
Every farmer can increase his next year's
production of cotton, corn, and other crops
by planting rye, vetch, and other cover crops
to be turned under for green manure. Rye
and vetch, or oats and vetch, planted now,
will make a splendid crop of hay in the
spring and be off the land in time for a crop
of soybeans or cowpeas or corn for grain and
roughage.
Every farmer can use his brains and brawn
to their capacity, and make every day count.
Help put over the Liberty Bond drive.
180 Mil "ON ARE
'CING STARVATION
Pitiable Plight '?j . Roumania and
Russia — Ameru^Must be Prepared to Help Wht.\ e War Ends
—Intensive Campaifea.
In a fringe of countries to the east, southeast and northeast of Germany and Austria
are 180 million people whose land has been
ravaged and robbed and spoiled by the Huna.
In many sections these people have been left
without grain for seed, and starvation stalk*
abroad in their once-productive land.
Literally hundreds of thousands of those
unfortunate people are doomed to death by
slow starvation during the next few months.
For two reasons, America cannot help them:
In the first place, we cannot reach them; in
the second place, military necessity forbids
that we divide with them the surplus of foodstuffs which we can produce and save, Inasmuch as it would endanger our success in
the war.
The moment the war is over, humanity
demands that we must succor these people.
When the war is over, and it is no longer
necessary to send troops and war material t«
France, ships will be available to carry foodstuffs to these unfortunates. We will miserably fail in our duty to our fellow-human
beings if we do not have a reserve which will
enable us to meet our humanitarian obligation to save these people from starvation. No
American mother will be able to enjoy plenty
when she knows that children are slowly
starving in other countries.
The American farmer has imposed upon
him today, and will have for the next several
years, the greatest responsibility that has
ever been placed upon the shoulders of food
producers since the world began. But along
with this responsibility is the greatest opportunity the farmers of any time have ever had
for financial gain, with the comf^
veniences and siftisfaetion that shoi?:
pany such financial gain.
Well-known authorities who have made a
study of food conditions throughout the world
are agreed that the producers of the United
States will be" called upon for several years
after the war is ended to supply meats and
fats particularly, and for two or three years
breadstuffs also, to all Europe and a considerable part of Asia. The war has resulted in
the slaughter of probably 150 million head of
cattle, sheep and hogs in Europe and Russia.
It will take years to rehabilitate the breeding flocks and herds of the.belligerent countries. Breeding stock, as well as meat and
fats, must be supplied by American farmers
until the herds are built up. The present
situation appeals not only to the patriotism
and humanitarianism, but also to the cupidity
of the American farmer.
SOME NEW RULES
AND REGULATIONS
The price of sugar at present is 9 cents a
pound f. o. b. seaboard refining point. A jobber is allowed a margin of 35 cents a hundred, plus freight to his station. The retailer
is allowed a margin of 1 cent a pound on
bulk or package sugar. Hence the cost to
the consumer is 9 cents, plus freight to .lis
station from refining point, plus margin of
35 cents per hundred to the jobber, plus margin of 1 cent a pound to the retailer.
The Sugar Division urges the purchase of
sugar in bulk for two reasons: (1) it results
in economy of packages and to some extent
in transportation; (2) the sugar reaches the
at a lower price.
Flour
No unmixed Victory flour must be sold
without cereal substitutes in the proportion
of 4 pounds of flour to 1 pound of cereal
substitute—which may be corn flour, corn
meal or barley flour, or, at the option of the
buyer, rice flour, oat flour, bean flour, potato
flour, sweet potato flour, buckwheat flour,
kaffir, mllo, or feterita flours or meals.
Pure rye flour or meal may be sold as a
substitute in the proportion of 2 pounds of
either rye or meal to 3 pounds of wheat flour.
VICTORY MIXED FLOUR may be sold
without cereal substitutes, such flour to contain 1 pound of corn or barley flour to 4
pounds of wheat flour, to to be whole-wheat
graham flour with not more than 5 per cent
of bran removed.
