The Greensborough patriot [February 21, 1861]

              ■ I ■■ m n ■■——*— HT • aa
% rtmslwwttgjr atriat
BY SHERWOOD & LONG. Jjfamilp Nctospaper—iBeboteti to literature, agriculture, J&anutacturcs, Commerce, an& Jfciscellaneous KeaUing. TERMS-42.00 IN ADYlJ-OE.
, VOL. XXII. GREE^SBOROTJaH, 1ST. C, FEBEUAEY 91, 1861. NO. 1186.
Tlte Ereensborouoh Patriot.
■ †...HWWOOD. JAHI.A.LMO.
SHERWOOD & LONG,
EDITOHS AMI) PBOPBIETOR8.
J .SUMS: *2.O0 A TEAR, IH ADVANCE.
. RATES OF ADVERTISING IN TIE PATRIOT.
OR* dollar pitr square for the first week, and twenty-
• ceniB for every week thereafter. TWKLVB LINKS OR
WM diking a square Deductions made in favor of
■ -anollog matter as follows •
" 3 MONTHS. 6 MONTHS. ] TEAR
UjM equate $3 60 $5 50 $8 00
'tares, 7 00 10 00 14 UO
Tree " 10 00 15 00 20 00
'l$ie w'ort ^umter i oi respomn« e— I'o-j
Nil Km ol the I. 8. Giitt i niiKiil.
The F.-rt Sumter correspondence closes
with the peroinptiry demand of Colonel
I .ayno for the surrender ot the post, and his
promise that Sooth Carolina will pay the val-ue
<d in,- property,and M . Buchanan's po.i-live
refusal t.> negotiate. The points of the
Mouth Carolina nltimmum hare been given at
■• Hi.-lent l-nirth in i li letters of C<d. Hay ne,
i " nou-K published. Tin- Colonel s tins'
i-r. cat'.1 '• \V . hi!!t>ton Jan. 31. merely
til his l-.rniei ptoposmons t-otiTH « the
. • n•' of ' i- S a i I . in BUI
ss ' l « - ■ In I 11| .. I
' SS ,: . :.
\\ i quo)
scarcely improvo it as property, fttever the
result, and if captured, it wouldjloriger be
the suhject of account.
"The proposal, then, now
simply an off^r on the part of
to buy Fort Sumter ond contents,
of the United States, sustained
lion, in effect that'/ she is not petted to pur-chase
she will seize the fort by form arms:—
As the initiation of a negotiation the trans-fer
ofproperty between friendl
this proposal impresses the Pr
ing assutned a most unusual
however investigated the clni
professes to he based, apart'1
tion which accompanies it.
here remarked that much sires
upon the employment ol the w<
and 'public property, by the
his several messages
"These are the moSI compr
which can be used in such ■■ c
surely when referring to a for
p ibhc establishment, tb'«y em
and in divual interest of th
tbrein. The title o
ented, is
Carolina
property
declara-ernments
nt as hav
Ho has,
which it
hedeelara-it
may he
s been la!d
■property
testident, in
. n
i
>i
• ud:. to
. in tl
\\...
t-o:
• ■< tin
i r i ....
, ''•(
Koutl
alike
(lisspi
result
ttsy. li ti, th f « i
ng |< uci ml ntentioi ■ and i ij
1. rroi r . r and
i ii among those who once were
n, il is hoped tual on timber consid
y« n it, "ii :■ mere question ••!
rl) efu • M- liable demand ol
ii Carolina, wh eh honor and necessity
compe her to vindicate. Should you
uissppoinl I his hope, the responsibility lor the
surely does not rest with her.
"Il the c- ils of war are to bo encountered,
t-picially the calamities of civil wai,an ele-
I statesmanship would stem to require
. at it should be accepted as the unavoidable
| tentative ot something still more disastrous.
aich as national dishonor, or measures mate-rially
affecting the safety or permanent inter-
•j is nt a people -that it should be a choice
■jf-'iberately made and entered upon as war
Aid of set purpose. But that war should be
cident or accident on a policy professedly
peaceful, and not required to effect the objeel
which is avowed as the only end intended,
cm only be excused where there has been no
warning given as to tne consequences.
"1 am further instructed to say that South
aroliua cannot, by her silence, appear tc ac-sce
in the imputation that she was guilty
< i an act of unprovoked aggression in
into ihe Star ot the West. Thcngh an unarm-ed
vessel, she was filled with armed men, en-
»; ring her territory against her will, for the
I- irposeof reinforcing a garrison held within
I" r Ii mits against her protest. She forbears
tii re criminate by discussing the question of
tie propriety ot attempting such a reinforce-tbe
Unite
Sumter is complete and inco
its interest in this property pu
n the ordinary acceptation (
might proba.bly be subjected
oi riirM of ■.•minent domain; bi
ht-cal r> i ti< ns t • it oi a mil
m !•• imposn gcbaiacter ilianl
r pi i.-.-i si ip. I has ahob
. r ih i- r ai d ihi s- •• I upon
I - ju• ~ !•'•-■.-. consists in ti
. cercise • xelu-'v li e islatioi
• i elrl ed lo, a d. is l|
n • mpatihie witn the claim
I.I in ii win-'i-ted upon Ly S
i is authoiity was not dej
questionable revolutionary
the peaceful cession ol South
acting through hei Legislate
v sion ol the constitution oft
."*..'Uth ('.- rolina can no more
Ih
sive terms
ection, and
any othe.
the entire
ivernment
ates to Fort
hie. Were
proprietary
le term, it
he exercise
has also po-hijjber
and
•se ol mere
jnrisdict on
eh itstanda.
iiitliorily "to
n r the pro-foie.
clearly
eminent d«»-
h Carolina.—
;d from any
ce, but from
rolina herself,
under a pro-
Jnitt d States.
Isert the i tghl
i.i eminei.t ilomain over Fri Snmter tnat-
Maryland can ass-rt it ovewe District ot
Columbia T1 e poliu'eal andropriet> rights
of the Doited States in eithiftase rest upon
precisely the same ground. I
'The President, however
the necessity of further pur:
by the fact that whatever n;
of South Carol ina to this fo
stitutional povier to seecd*
The property oft he United
quired by force of public la
disposed of under the som
The President, as the head
branch of the government
sell and transfer Fort Sum
iina than he can sell and cAoy tho Capitol
ot the United States lo Maiand, or to any
other Slate or individual i«king to possess
it. His Excellency the Gtrnor is too fain-relieved
from
ig this inquiry
be tho claim
he has no co.i-surrender
it.—
h as bee' ac-
:»nd can only be
olemii sanction.
the executive
y, can no more
to South Caro-ofSonth
Carolina, the forbearing conduct ol
this administration lor the lt.st few month*
should be received as conclusive evidence of
nis sincerity. And if this forbearance, is
, iew oi the circum tancos which have so se-verely
tried it, be not accepted as a satisfac-tory
pledge of tho peaceful policy of this ad-ministration
towards South Carolina, then it
may be salely affrmed that neither language
nor conduct can possibly turnishone.
If, with all the multiplied proofs which ex-ist
of the President's anxiety for peace and of
I he earnest les with which he has pursued it,
the authorities of that State sh-all assanlt Fort
•S'umler, and peril the lives of the handful ol
brave and loyal men shut up within its walls,
and thus plunge our common country into
the horrors of civil war, then upon them and
those they represent must rest the responsibility.
"Very lespectfully, your obedient serv't,
"J. HOLT, Secretary of War.
COL. HAYNE'S EEJOINDER.
Under date of February 6th, Colonel Hayne
rejoined. This document was not transmit-ted
to Congress by tne President, as it was
not received in time. The President has re-turned
il to Col. Hayne, throughout the mail,
addressed to Charleston. Col. H. in this te-j"
inder, reviewing the President's reply,
say :
"You next attempt to lidicule the propo-
•HI presented as simply an offer on the part
of South Carolina to buy Fort Sumter and
«• mtents as property of the United States,
-ur-tained by a declaration, in effect, that if
-he is not permitted to make the purchase
she will s*ize the fort by force of arm.*. It is
difficult to consider this as other than an in-tentional
misconstruction. Yoc were told
i hat South Carolina, as a separate indepen-dent
sovereignty, would not toierato the oc-cup-
ition by foreign troops of a military post
within her limits ; but that inasmuch as you,
in repeated messages and in your corrospon
douce, had laid much stress upon the charac
ter ot your duties, arising from consider-ng
torts as property. South Carolina, so far as
ibis matter of property suggested by yourself
was conci rned. would make compensation for
a I injury done the property in theevcrcise of
her sovereign right of eminent domain; and
this your Secretary calls a proposal to pur-chase.
" The idea of purchase is entirely inconsis-tent
with the assertion of paramount right ir.
i he purcfiaeer 1 had supposed that un in-terest
in property, as such, couid be no other
than purely proprietary; and if I confined
myself to the narrow view of your relations
to Fort Slimier, yoc at least should consiuer
it the subject of criticism. Until in your let-ter
of yesterday, you chose so to consider
your relations in everything which you have
written under your direction. It was pre
cisely because you had yourself chosen to
The Coolest Thin- on Record—An In-cident
or tne Mexican War.
As General Scott's army was marching
triumphantly into the City of Mexico, says
an exchange, a proces-ion of n.onks emerged
from the gate of a convent situated on the
eminence at the right, and advanced wit'
slow and measured tread until they met the
army at right angles. Tho guide or leader
of the procession was a venerablo priost,
whose hair was whitened with the frost of
many winters. He held in both hands a con-tribution
box, upon which there wafi a light-ed
candle, and when within a low leet of the
army the procession halted. As the army
proceeded, many a true believer in St Pat-rick
dropped some small coin or other into
tho old priest's box. And, when it was ob-served
that a soldier was searching in his
pockets for something to bestow, the old
priest would step forward and hold his box
to receive the donation.
Ultimately there came along a tali, gaunt,
limer-sided, gander-looking Yankee, who, on
seeing the poor priest, thrus. his hands into
the very depths of his br. eches pockets, as if
in search ot a dime or somethii g of the kind.
The priest, observing this movement, advan-ce
p, as usual, while Jonathan, holding forth
a greasy-ooking roll of paper, commenced
very deliberately unfolding it. The old
priest anticipated a liberal donation and put
on an air of the most exquisite satisfaction.—
Jonathan continued to unroll piece alter
piece ot tri-twisted smoking tobacco. He
next thrust his hands into another pocket,
and drew forth a clay pipe, which, with the
utmost delibe ation, ho proceeded to fill by
pinching off small particles of the tobacco.—
When this was done, having replaced his to-bacco
in his breeches pockets, he stepped for
war and iighted his pipe '-y the old priest's
candle, and making an awkward inclination
of the head, 'intended perhaps torn bow,) he
said, "Much obliged to ye, "Squire," and
pi oceoded on—NashvitU Patriot.
Ex-President Tyler's Address.
We publish below tho admirable and elo-quent
speecii of Ex-President Tyler on tak-ing
his seat as the Chairman of the conter-enee
of commissioners at Washington :
GENTLEMEN : I fear you have committed a
enee in former days. All hail to North Car-olina!
with ber Mecklenburg declaration in
her hand, standing erect on the ground of
her own probity and firmness in the cause of
public liberty, and represented in her attri-butes
by her Macon, and in this assembly by
her distinguished sons, at no great distance
from me. Four daughters of Virginia clus-ter
around the council board, on the invita-tion
of their ancient mother, the eldest Ken-tucky,
whose sons, under that interpid war-rior,
Anthony Wayne, gave freedom of settle-ment
to the territory ot ber sister, Ohio, and
extending his hand daily ai d hourly across
La Belle Hiviere to grasp tho hand of some
one of kindred blood of the noble States of
Indiana and Illinois and Ohio, who have
grown up into powerful States already grand,
potent and almost imperial. Tennesseo is
not here, but is coming- -prevented lrom
being here Oi.ly by the floods which have
swollen her rivers. When she arrives she
will wear the badges on her warrior crest of
victories won, in company with the Great
West, on many an ensanquined plain, and
standards torn from the hands of the con-qncrors
at Waterloo. Missouri and Iowa and
Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota, still lin-ger
behind, but it may be hoped 'hat their
hearts are with us in the great Work we have
to do. The eyes of the whole country aro
turned to this hall and to this assembly in
expectation and hop-. 1 trust, gentlemen
that you rnay^prove yourself worthy of tho
great occasion. Our ancestors probably com-mitted
a blunder in not having fixed upon
every tilth decade for a call of a general Con-vention
to amend and reform the Constitu-tion.
On the contrary, they have made the
difficulty next to insurmountable to accom
plish amendments to an instrument which
was perfect for five million of people, bu'. not
wholly so as to thirty millior. Yonr patri-otism
will surmount tho difficulties, however
great, if you will but accomplish but one tri-umph
in advance, and that is triumph over
patty. What is party when compared to the
task of rescuing one's country from danger?
TH€ IMOV
BY THE LATI REV. KAMI'S!. OILMAN D. D., OF CdAIlLr.--
TON, SOUTH CAROLINA.
Who wonld sever Freedom's Shrine?
Who would druw the invidious line?
Though by birth ore spot be mine,
llear is all the re»U
Dear to me the Soulh's fair land;
I>eju the Central mountain band:
l>ear Naw England's rocky strand;
Dear the prairied West.
By our altars, pure and tree;
By our laws deep-rooted tree ;
By ihe pasi'» dread memory ;
By our Washington—
By our common kindred tongue ;
By our hopes—bright, buoyant; you~g;
By the lie of country strong ;
We will still be one.
Fathers ! have ye bled in vain ?
>gc», must ye droop again ?
Maker, (drill we rash slain
Blessingssent by Thee '
No ! receive our soiemn vow,
While before Thy throne we bow,
Ever to maintain as now,
" Union—Liberty !'■
ginia, and so has it been with Mar
Delaware. That line is sanctified
ties that can endear men to each
litical snd commercial ties; ties o
and custom; ties of consanguinity
tion. '
Great God ! Are all these to be
Is this line to mark t*»e boundan
mies? Impossible! Humanity a
forbid it. Pe insylvania will ne*
the enemy of Virginia. Pennsy
never draw 1 he jword on Virginia,
is no loss affectionate to her other
good faith she has performed fa
peace and in war. For many long
has endeavored to stay tho tide i
• ion and alienation between tbo tw
^he has been truly the keystone
eral arch, and the bulwajk ot th
her sisters. Like some mighty peiin: i \
land and
all the
|hor—po.
int.srost
[nd atfec-reve
red ?
olj ene-jjiStice
hirome
Do that, and one long loud shout of joy and i 'M?"1'181 •*•
L land-congratula-
Intere*tine Extract.
We make the following extiact from the
speech nf Hon. William Bigler, of Pennsyl-vania,
delived in the Senate of the United
States Jan. 21,1861 :
"in my opinion, secession is the worst pos-sible
remedy for tho evils complained of by
the Southern States, and coercion the mad-dest
of all the remedies suggested for seces-sion.
The States ought to live in fraternal
bonds; but if they will not, shall one half put
the other to tho sword ? Such a war would
be ono of extermination. Neither side could
ever conquer; and if the Northern States
could conquer, what would they do with the
Southern States as provinces ? The Senator
from Virginia met that point the other day so
completely that I need not discuss it. But
God forbid that war should over begin ! I am
I am for peace; and I am ready
tween two heaving seas, she has re
rolled back the waves of discord
hut alas! the waves have rijen
higher, and she is quite submcrgo-il
counsels of peace are powerless.
For myself, I have but a few Jr
to serve here, when 1 shall rctnrnl
her fate. She is my mother, and
with filial affection. Sho has mad
little I am; and though at times sh
ished and caressed, and then
whether smiling or frowning—I lo
Frowning thongh last she has boo
generous; and come what may—p.
weal or woo—her cause will be
say to
langaa?!
goest 1 will go
lodge; shal
thy God my God."
; and
id ~ife;
and
Bntil her
s linger
to share
love In r
mo what
hischer-
>-'.viieu—
1 her still.
ju:t and
:e or war.
ir urn cause 1
a her in this presence, in tlj io«k.-hing
Ko of ineffable love : "Wfithelthou
go; where thou loi»;.'s'J will
thy peoplo shall be mv if P 1 and
y ge
tions from most of tho States.
Mr Chase, of Ohio, expressed himself as
particularly gratified, and assured Mr. Tyler,
as most of jhe other Commissioners did, tual
great error in appointing me to the bonora- thev were rcad to f„Ufm wher(? Vi irjju , d
hie position you have assigned mc. A long I
separation from all deliberative bodies
rendered tho rules of their proceedings
tniliar to rne, while I should find in my own
state of health, variable and fickle as it is suf-ficient
reason to decline the honor of being:
your presiding officer: but, in times like
these, one has but litllc option left him—per- j
i sonal con* iderations should weigh but lightly |
' in the balance. The country is in danger— i
gladness will resound throughout the land-1 ta g'ant anything in reason to reconcile the
This was followed by general concratula- discontented Slates ai
s hasy,-
ilar with the Constitution <fhc United Slates ; place your action on the ground of purely
and with the limitation ttpn the powers of
firing of the Chief Magistrate ofbo government it
has established, not to agreciatc, at once,
.Sent at all, as well as of the disguised and se-
1 rel manner in which Fort Sumter was taken
inio the possession of its present occupants.
"Allow me to request that you would, as
as possible, inform mo whether, under
i se instructions, 1 need await your answer
the soundness of this legapropOMlion.
'Tl o question of reinloaog Fort Sitmtcr
proprietary right that the proposal of com-pensation
was made, and you now admit
thai in this it (Fort Sumter) would probably
be subjected to tho exercise of the right of
eminent domain. In your letter of jester-is
so roily disposed of in nj letter to Senator | day, through your secretary, you shift your
Slidell and another, underrate of the 23 Jan. j position. You claim that your government
—a copy of which accorpanics this—that ; bears to Fort Sumter political relations of a
its discus* on will not nor be renewed. It much higher and more imposing character,
then said : 'At the preset moment it is not j " It was no part of my mission to discuss
deemed necessary to reinjree Major Ander- j ,no political relations of the U.S. gtvern
Ttasblnston Peace Conference.:
The following is a list of the members of
the Peace Co'-grcsswhich assembled in Wash-ington
on the 4th :
FREE STATES.
NEW YORK.
David D. Field, Wm. C. Noyes, James S.
id tho offended peoplo.
1 um ready to implore them to remain in the
Union; I am ready to tight for tneir const na-tional
rights to the last hour; but to shed a
brother's blood in a fraternal war, I shall be
ready—never! never!!
_ But still 1 have an abiding faith that the
Union can be saved; not by mere hosannas
to tho Union, though I liko them exceeding-ly.
It will require works as well as faith.—
When Rome was ;n the lull tide of her de
dine, it was the blast of the Romans that,
while the Collieenm stands, Rome will stand.
The boast was vain; for "time's effacing fin-ger"
ever points to the fallacy of the expec-tation.
The humbled pride and departed
nit secure
rat min.I
■il y
for their
nf unre-
The .\cceNNlty or La!
The notion is false that getiious
its aims without labor. Allow
which have left their marks upon
of tho world's progress, have pai|
success and notoriety by the pri«
mitting toil and labor. .Napoleon gi mi
worked hard and incessantly, an-li has been
known to exhaust the energies of J veral sec-relaries
atone timo. Charles XII* >•"?;«
frequently tried out all his offi. _>rl. Tho
Duke of Wellington was the hardi j * irking
man in tho Peninsular ; his encri >• never
flagged. Milton, from his you if replied
ii
• asioned
i .8.—
it is enough-one must^ke^he place assign-! Wadsworth, James C. Smith Addison Card-1 g»"dear of tho once mistress of the world
ner, Greene C. Bronson, Wm. E. Dodge, Am- I are a 1'"'"? commentary upon worldly amhi
aziah Ii. James, Erastus Corning.
NEW JF.RSKY.
Chas. S Olden, Rotert F Stockten, Joseph
K. Randolph, Rodman, M, Price, Peter D.
Vroom. Benjamin Williamson, Fred. T. Fre-son,
because he i. stkesij such request.—
Sh -uld his safely, howevl require reinforce-ments,
every effort will •*) made to su. ply
them.' I can add nothinto the expli- itness
% T.',',"^'lnr" And ,t'"0t'i W°uld be P'e"s- ofthi» language, which all applies to theex-
; .',.„;j, ,"l.u;-v .fr,:,n >;"u lo my government in- i„,M,g gtatcs.
for'S-id reinforcements,
■ntftlie President, the
l,rmalion as v> l he time when an answer may
l.C' ex |..(•;< ii ID Char eston.
I "With high consideration,
f your ob'dt serv't.
* J. W. HAYNE.
Tin: PHEsinENT's REFUSAL
ri he follow in.; reply was returned by Pres
Buchanan, through Mr. I loll, Secretary
« i War:
•SIR : The
b ,s received
i «• charged
ires them, ,-ests on
fourdalion as the
18 i I self.
Davis and others
the 15 h oil., they
k il especially due
|er to.
•In th
uleii
War IVpa.ttnent. Feb. •'.. 1861.
President of the United Slates
vour ii■it.-r of the31i-l alt, and
me with the duty oi replyiig
corn muni ati.-n addressed to the
b' ' to l'i KIM ... under dale of 12th
»■■ † in i .....
■ •I '
■
.
)
■
i
.
f i ? desire to
1 ' • ii. li . ,. .- .- ■ ce II
ii t • | " ■ ?- tsn i I.
| ■-■ † † •■• ■' b «ill be c.i a\ailiiii
"tciie I i tha ,- asession, but induce a
i..:nii; in deeply to '-edenlored.
'•The i harai lerof the demand thus author
d to be t i d. appears under the influence.
presume, ol the correspondence with the
cr tar) to which you refer, to have been
i.litii <1 by subsequent in-tru«;tions i f his
icellency, dated the 26th, and received by
in-self on the 30th January, in which h.
y
"Tin- r ghl lo send lb
when, in the jodgeme
saf.iy ofthe garrison re
the Same unquestionabl
right to accupj the fort]
"In the letter ol Serial
lo yourself, under date I
say : 'We, tbeiefore, tl
from South Sarolina tdjour States—to say
nothing »l uthei stavelilding Slates—tha'
«h< shouli , as tar as shejan consi tetitiy with
ner honor, avoid initia.ic; hostilities '>etw< on
bei and the United StafS or any power, and
\ "U now your-ilf gif 10 the President
he gratifying iiHAurancilhai 'Souih Carolir>a
hi every di-posil ion t' presi-r . the publii-
|>eaee.'ano since he is fniself sincerely aoi-
!)■† ih s.m. d
i ■
I
i,is assu
E
i i . , |. . A li:
ma il ■ iiu • hi- pr ;•. r
sod a j. uiiiii ary |"
sin i o in gei a. kuow
it .\ .'iild seem that
bj ,„ ... t ., (
• '
II i - .. i b > ,i ..
ovi 11 ign, aid • ne sa
I prompts her 10 de-should
ot be long.' •
by the g \ em m.-nt
dges,' and In- 'h uglll
If it be so that Fort Sumter is held a-property,
then as property,the rights, what-ever
they may be, of the United Slates can
be asec riained, and for the satisfaction of tin se
■ ights the (.ledge of tho Slate ot South Caro-
! ns you are authorized to give.' Tho full
>pe and precise purport of your instrue
as ihus mod-tied, you have expressed in
tie following words: 'I do not come as a rail-
's- man to de_ and the surrender of a for
•as, but as tho legal officer of tbo Stale—its
t'i!-iio>-(j e.ieral—to claim for the State the
eruise ot us undoubted right of eminent do
sin, and to pledge (he State, to make goon
injury .o the rights of property which
alise from tl e exorcise of the claim.' And
1 si th s explicit language should not surf!
cntly define your position, you add: 'The
dfrop.isiiion now is iha. her (South Carolina's)
w officer should, under tbo authority of the
overnr and his council, distinctly pledge
leWuitb of South Caroiinu to make such cum-
I ii-iiion in regard to Fort Sumter and its
: ppurtenances and contents to the full extent
t(l iht money value of the property of the Un-ited
Stales, delivered over lo the auLborines
ith Carolina by your command.' You
i ti adopt nis Excellency's train of thought
fpo" the subject, so far as to suggest that ib«j
| ssion oi Fort Sumter by the Uni ed
tales, 'if conliuued lou? enough must lead to
col.ision,' and that 'an attack, upon it would
•""i -" •-. i.-t.ui'iy prweut that this occu| a
lion uiu-t lead to a COBMOU of arms, and tht
prevaleinu ol t ivil war. Fort Sumter in in
itself a military poet, lid nothing else; and it
would se m that not jo niuili 'he fact as i he
purpose nf its !,se s . |IJ give to il a h stile 3i
iriendly Character. CMS Im'ti ss is nw held
by the government oilhe United States for
ihe same objects for thieh ii has been held
trum the completion of its construction.—
Tiieso are n.tiiuiial Jid d fensive, and were
a public enemy nowI) attempt the capture f
Cliarluston of the obstruction of the com-merce
of its harbol, the whole force of the
batteries of this foil ess would beat once
exerted for their pnlection. Now tl e pres-ence
of a small gartison,actuated by such a
spirit, as ibis, can compromise ihe dignity or
honor ot South CarJlina, or become a source
of irritation to her people, tho President is
at a loss to undorsLJ'd.
"The attitude ol that garrison as has been
often declared, is neither menacing, nor un-friendly,
^t is acting acting under orders to
ment to anything within the territorial lim-its
of South Carolina. South Carolina claims
lo have dissolved all political connection with
your government, and to ^avo destroyed all
political relation of your government with
everything within her borders. She is un-questionably
at this moment de facto a sepa
rate and independent government, exercsing
complete sovereignty over every foot of her
sen! except Fort Sumter. Naw, that the inten-tion
is avowed to hold this place as a military
post, with a claim ol exclusivejurisdiction on
i the part of a government foreign to South
Carolina, it will be for the authorities to de-termine
what is the course properto be pur
sued It is then to ignore the fact that South
Carolina is to yours a foreign government.—
And how, with ibis patent fact before you,
you can consider the Continued occupation of
the h.rt in h'T harbor a pacific measure, ami
parcel of'a peaceful policy, pusses certainly
my comprehension. You say that the fort is
garrisoned tor our protection, and is held for
tne same purpose for which it has been ever
l.eld since its construction.
'• Aie you not aware 'hat to hold in the
lory la f i. ign power a f. rtress againsi
"dly lor the purpo.-e of protec-i
n_ hi I c I zens, is pet haps the highes' in-
- nt u loch one government can offer toanoth-er?
Km Fort Sumter was never garrisoned
unt'l South Carolina had d'SSolved her con-nection
with your government. This garri-son
entered ii. the night, with every cireum-
-taiice oi Secrecy, alier the spiking the gu is,
nd gun carriages, and cu'tii-g down the
tiag-siaffol an adjacent tort, which was then
abandoned South Carolina has not taken
Fort Sumler into her own pot-session, only
lecause of he: misplaced confidence in a gov-ernment
v\ hich deceived her. A fortress oc-cupied
under the circumstances above siaieu
is considered not only as no cause of irrita-tion,
Out you represent it t-s held for our pro-lection.
Your Excellency's Secretary has
indulged in irony on a very grave subjee .—
As to the responsibility ul consequences, if
indeed it does rest on us, I can assure your
Excellency we are happily unconscious ot
the fact.
With consideration of high regard,
1 am, very respectfully,
I. W. HAYNE,
Special Envoy."
ed him in the great work of reconciliation
and adjustment. The voice of Virginia has
invited her co-States to meet her in council.
In the initiation of this Government that
same voice was heard and complied with, and
the results of seventy odd years have fully-attested
tho wisdom of the decisions then
adapted. Is the urgency oi her call now less
ureat than it was then ? Our godlike fathers
created—wo have to preserve. Tboy built
up, through their wisdom and patriotism,
monuments wnich have eternalized their i Thomas Ewing, William Gioesbeck, Reuben
names. Yon have before you, gentlemen, a | Jliihcock, F. T- Backus,
task equally grand, equally sublime, quite as
tion. Still, the American boast, that while
Union stands, America will stand, is tar more
wise and rational. B.it means must be used-
Then, boasts may be indulged, The adop-tion
of the resolutions of the Senator from
Kentucky, by the vote of all parties in Con-
..nghyseen, homas, J. Stryker William C. gre8s. would at onco give as-u.anco of roan,
Alexander.
OHIO.
Salmon P. Chase, S. C. Wright, v. Hurlon,
ought
The University.—An occasional correspon-dent
at Chapel Hill writes us, that Rev. Solo-mon
Pool, formerly senior tutor, has been re-siand
strictly on tin* defensive, and the gov- | cent.ly elected a Professor in the Department
ernracnj and people of South Carolina must i of Mathematics. Also, that the following of-ficers
have been elected for the session by the
Young Men's Christian Association ol the
University : R. Murphy, President, O. H.
Blockcr, W. C. Jordon, II. P. Lyon, E. Mar-tin,
Vice Presidents. I). H Foy, Treasurer.—
Jay Andrews, Secretary. W. S. Webb, Assis-tant
Secretary. VV. J. Smith, Corresponding
Secretary, H G. Williams, Librarian. O. IL
Blocker, In charge of Book depository of
Am. Tract Society—Raltigh Christian Advo
cate.
well know that they can never receivo
but shelter from its guns, unless in the ab-sence
of all pro vocation, they should assault
't and seek its destruction. The intent with
which this fortress is held by the President
is truthfully slated by Senator Davis and
olhers in their letter lo yourself of the 15th
January, in which they say 'it ts net held
with any host Iriedly purpose towards
your Slate, but m ivly as property of the
Un,ted State, which the president deems it
nis duly to protect and preserve,'
"It tl..- annouiic. men t, io repeadly made,
o! tne President's pacific pin pose on contin-uing
the oecupalioi' of Furl Sumter unlil the
Question shall have betra settled by competent
authority, has failed to impress tho govern-full
of glory and immortality. You have to
snatch lrom ruin a great and glorious Confed-eration,
to preserve the Government, and to
renew and invigorate tho Constitution. If
you reach tho height of tlvsgreat, occasion,
yonr children.'s children will rise uj. and c*il
you blessed. I confess myself ambitious in
sharing in the glory of aocompl shing this
grand and magnificent result. To havo our
names enrolled in the Capitol, to be repeated
by future generations with grateful applause,
this is an honor higher than the mountains
—more enduring than raoi umental alabaster. |
Yes, Virginia's voice, as in the olden time, j
has been heard. Her sister States meet her I
ihis day at the count il board. Veim< nl is
her , bringing with her tho memories of the
past, reviving in the memories of all, her
Ethan Allen and his demand for the surren-der
oi Ticonderoga in the name of the Great
Jehovah and the American Congress. New
Hampshire is here—her fame illustrated by
m. morable annals, and still more lately as the
birthplace of him who won for himseli the
name of Defender of the Constitution, and
who wrote that letter to John Taylor which
has been enshrined in the beans if his coun-trymen.
Massachusetts is not here—(some
member said she is coming)—I hope so, said
Mr. Tyler, and that she will bring with her
ion and continued union, and would bo the
voice of peace and good will throughout the
land. \\ hat a blessed message it wouid be
to go trembling over the wires from Stato to
State, from city to city, from town to hwn.
li II to valley, and house to house, throughout
this broad lmd; and how many hearts would
impulsively thank God for his mercies! Our
Government is too young to end now. Com-paratively
speukinp, it is in its infancy. It
has on'y seen the years of a very old man,
Chief Justice Ames, fix Governor Hoppin, and some ,nere are still alive who lived be-
Alexander Duncan, Geo go H. Browne, S. H. t.,rc independence. Can it be that its
fence ia to be so limited, so fleeting? a
PEKN8YI.VAXIA.
Wm. M. Meredith, Jimes Pollock. Thomas
E. Franklin, Thomas White David Wilmot,
Andrew W. Looieiss, Mm. McKennan.
RHODE ISLAND.
himself with such indefatigable
lo the study of letters that it
weaknea ofslght and ultimate- I
The labor of Sir Walter Scott is g lii.'er
ihe number ol his literary prodneff Is, and it
is apparent lo overy reader that t(■ nin.-uso
masses of general information "Ml abound
throughout his multitudinous nol |;ui only-have
been acquired by dint of djje v years
hard study. Byron was in the lit >f read-ing
even at his meals. Luther fii.le it a
rule to trans ate a verse of the i every
day. This soon brought hiru to y.o coraple-tion
of his labours, and it was a ns iteroi as-
A female writer says nothing looks
worse on a lady than darned stockings. Al-low
us to observe that stockings that need
darning, looks a great deal worse than darn-ed
oues—darneu il they don't.
her daughter Maine. I do not believe it cc Id
Well be that tho voice which, in other times,
was so 1. tniliar to her ears, has been address
ed to her in vain. Connecticut i* here, and
she comes, I doubt not, in ihe spirit of Roger
Sherman, whose name with our very chil-dren,
bus become a household w ird, and who
«as in life the ec.bodimenl of thtit practical
sense which befits the great lawgivers and
constructors of Governments, ttbode Island,
the land of Roger Williams, is here, one of
the two last States in her jealousy of the pub-lic
liberty to give in ter adhesion to t ie Con-stitution,
acd among the earliest to hasten to
iis rescue. The great Empire State ol New
York—represented thus far but by one—del
egates lo day a fuller force t.» join in t*ie
great woTk of healing the discontents of tne
tunes, and restoring the reign of fraternal
leeli.g. New Jersey is also here, with the
memories of the past covering her all over.
Trenton and Princeton live immortal in story
—the plains of ihe laatencrimsoued wilh the
heart's biood of Virginia's sons Among her
delegation 1 rejoice to recognize a gallant so.i
ol a signer of tho immortal Decaiation which
announced to tho woild tnat thirteen Pro-vinces
had become thirteen independent and
sovereign Stales. And here loo is Delaware,
the land ol the Bayards and the Rodneys,
whose soil at Brandywine was moistened by
the blood of Virginia's youthful Momoe.
Here is Maryland, whose massive columns
wheeled into one with those of Virginia in
the contest for glory, and whose State House
at Annapolis wan the theatre ol a spectacle
ofa successful commander, who, after libera-ting
his country, gladly ungi-thtd his sword
and laid it down upou the alter ii that coun-try.
Then comes Pennsylvania; rich in rev-olutionary
lore, bringing with her ihe death-loss
names of Frankl'n and Morris, and 1 trust
ready lo renew from ihe belfrey of Inde-pendence
Hall the chimes of the old bell,
which announced Fieedom aui Indepeiid-
Arnold.
SLAVE STATES.
DELAWARE.
George B. Ro Incy John W. Houston. Dan-iel
M. Ridgely, William Cannon.
KENTUCKY.
James B Clay, ET GOV. Morehead, James
Guiihrie, Joshua F. Bell, Wm. O. Butler Chas.
A. Wickl.ffo.
MARYLAND.
Reverdy Johnson, Wm. S. Goldsborough,
Augustus W. Bradford, John W. Grieefield,
J. Dixon Romaine.
MISSOCRI.
Waldo P. Johnson, Col. Doniphan. John
Hough, Judge Btickner, John D. Coulter.
NORTH CAROLINA.
Thomas Ruffln, J ihn Iff. Morehcad, George
Davis, David S. Reid, D. M. Barringer.
TENNESSEE.
RobertJ. VIcKinnoy, Samuel Miligan, J.
N. Anderson, Robert L. Caruthers, Thomas
Martin, Isacc B. Hawkins A. O. W. Patton,
A'vin S. Cnllom. William P. Hickerson,
George W. Jones, E. K. Zollicoffer, Wm. H.
Stephens.
VIRGINIA.
John Tyler, James A. Seddon, Win. C.
Rives, George W. Summers, John W. Brock-onbutgh.
v>t
The Hot oc of War.
In any view, what a fell d.-stioyer is war !
Napoleon's wars sacrificed lull «ix millions,
and: II *ho wars consequent on tho Fren h (
Revolution, some nine or ten millions. The!
Spaniards aro said lo havo destroyed m forty- i
twoyeurs more than twelve millions ot Amer-1
ican Italians. Grecian warssner.fired lo,U00,-
000, Jewish wars 25.000 000; the wars of
the twelve Cfflsc s. 30 000.0.0 in all; the wars
of the Romans, before Julius Cajser, 00,000,-
000; tho wars of the Roman Empire, of the
Saracens and the Turks, 60 0(0 000 each;
those of tho Tarlers, S0.000 000; thoso of
Africa, I00.00o.0001 ulf we take into consid-eration,"
says the learned Dr. Dick, ' the
•lumber not only of those who have fallen
in battle, but of those who have perished
through tha natural consequences of war, it
wdl not, perhaps, be overrating the destruc-tion
of human life, if » e affirm "hat one-tenth
of the human race lias been destroyed by the
act of war, and according to this estimate more
than fourteen thousand millions of human be-ings
have been siaughteied in war since the
beginning ot the world '." Edmund Burke
went still lurther, and reckoned the sum total
of its ravages, from the first, at no less than
thirty-five thousand millions.—Advocate of
Fence.
— » —
»*»»*• Little Boy—Father, I know how to
fire off the guns and cannons of earth, but
who is tall enough to touch off thunder.
exis-sky-roeket
among the nations, to rise and shine
for a brief period, and then sink to rise no
more? 1 do not believe this. God has more
store for America than this. It require 1 the
Roman empire about five hundred years to
reach tho climas of iis greatness, and about
an equal period to decline and fall. Babylon
had existed sixteen centuries when the mys-terious
characters on the wall gave the af-frighted
king notice that the time of its down-fall
wast at hand. Tho Athenian Govern-ment
existed more than twelve times the pe-riod
which ours has beon in existence. The
English Government has seen over sire cen-turies
since tho days of Magna CharU; the
American Union has seen one. Could it be
now saved and reconstructed, as far as bro-ken,
might we not hope that its foundations
were to be deeper and firmer than ever; that
the ordeal through which it is now passing
would root its foundations more effectively
and completely in ihe affections of the poople?
But Senators talk of war: and it disturbs
no man's nerves that widely separated Slates
and communities should do so The men ot
the arc'ie regions ol tho United Slates, away
up in Maine and Vermont and Massachusetts,
can shake their gory locksat those inhabiting
a neck of land in tho tropics of America,
known as Florida, and tlm Floridinns, in
ktiirn, may manifest a belligerent design.—
Such a light will be bloodness; but it will be
tar otherwise with the free and slave Stales,
bordering on each other, should that be the
line of division. They will be will in strik-ing
distance, and to them this war wi 1 be no
idle bravado. It will be a matter of lifo and
death. Look at tho position of our own glor-ious
old State. No broad river, or high moun-tain,
or deep chasm, or high wall, divides
her from the slaveholding States. Prom the
waters of the Ohio to those of the Delaware,
her broad side lies tcstling close up against
the sides of her slaveholding sisters. First,
on the west, comes Virginia, then Maryland,
and then, full up in her generous bosom, rests
her little sister Delaware: with the headi* of
both reclining on the banks of the river
wheie, at the same moment, tho rays of the
morning sun may .tiss the brow of both. For
tour hundred miles, from tho Ohio to the
Delaware, her south side rwclines again-1 the
north side ofslaveholding Stales; mountain
to mountain, bib to lull, valley lo valley, farm
to farm, neighlxirhood lo neighborhood, broth-er
to brother, sister to sis or, hand to hand,
and heart to heart The line has been, to
fraternal citizens en either side, imaginary;
they have passed from the North to the South,
and from the South lo the North, without
even a thought that it ma'ken Ihe beginning
of a people strangers lo each other, much less
aliens and eneinb s. All along this line there
has been marrying and giving in marriage.
The S'.ns of Virginia havo married the daugh-ters
ol Pennsylvania and the sons of Penn-sylvania
have married ihe daughters of Vir-toniahment
to Europe that in the
of his ither labors, besides travel
find time to prepare such a surpr
Newton and Locke pursued their
it re less efforts; and Pope son "hi
so that ho might pursue his li'.c
tions without interruption am! i
Industry is essential to all; by f
habit ofdoing something useful <
man increases his own amount of
and enlarges that of others ah.ml
a one by tho judicious use of
merits—thoso little vacancies in r
v hich occur to all,—have renders
famous amorg their fell, iw.<. N:
lerved in its proper working (
constant exertion, and man to ke
tul condition of mind and body.
■ ultiplicity
g he could
ing Work.
.-""JOB with
• tirement
ny opera-motions.
ing tho
yday, a
ppim
Many
odd nio-
. day lil-
. ni-.dvcs
ire is pre-
: tion fay
in health-exori
his mental aid physical facuiti. : I. > BOO.
slant employment of the in will givo
strength of character so that it i capable of
thinking on my subject at any t i*\ and by
active bodily exertion he prejM i bit health,
fortune nnd •■vorldly position. 8 1 e Marquis
of Spinola onse asked Sir Horj'-j Vere "of
what his bro her died ?" "He djed, Sir" ru-ing
to do '
ough to kill
plied Sir Horace -'of having noi
" Alas!" sale Bpinola, "that is
anv general of us all."
jgae, is not
fia, Qeor
rida, that
of that
[wn now,
lie whera
he csn
lin those
|iri«, and
H.is known
The Out! Mate.
If JOHN MITCHELL, the Ii
at fault, the States of South <'
gia, Alabama, Mississipi and
havo agreed that Cotton shall be
realm, will yet find out, if not
there are other portions of this
their King has a foothold—I
command obedion.-e, as wol
States. John Mitchell is now
when he resided in this country
to the Secessionists as an •x • Tng great
fire-eater. Io a letter coneei n the late
Anglo French (. bins war, be nliii ates that
the 'alluvial valleys of Central < iina ' as well
as "the vaMeys of Mississippi s .1 Alabama,'
are susceptible of the growth i
lhat the day is rolling round w
of the Liverpool and Mancb
will be closed against the Ki.iJ
em Confederacy. Ho says :
" China, even.ai present, proilj
as much cotton us all your So
put together—not of the fineit
.ut of the soi t of which nankei
which three hundred millions o
clothed every dsy. Yet where
grows, it is calculated that oth
cotton may grow ; and tbi ma
rial valleys of Contral CJ-.ina,
Uoauo-Ho and the Yang-ic
aro certainly as capable of
most valuable kinds of that u
are tho valleys of Ihe Mississip
hama. Labor, also, is far m
and costs literally nothing at aj
country is subjected, English C
may have many millions of lab]
iuus to work lor in.ir hare
i\ iial would subsist one
luxurious supply lor five Cl, jimen. The
Chinamen, too, will be apventices, not
slaves-the spirit of the ago ioibids—and so
there will be no obligation to , .ro for them,
to feed and clothe them, when t»„, wor|c iH'
got outot them. In short, if t ie .ultivatioii
once begins on those two rreMt, yi| may bid
adieu to the Liverpool anu M;
ket; and that's the meani
war."
Sli
iiogr<
ion and
■n :tho gates
er markets
'fthe South-
X ii mc
rn States
ind, indeed,
i made, in
■ |de ui.
cotton
1 d better
II nit allu-a
-mnd tho
( rivers,
oi.,cing tho
f'tl plant as
'.nd the Ala-o
abundant,
I 'ice the
ton-growers
i-ure, all anx-
«istance; for
would ce a
IK'^?ster
*•*** Littte boy returning fr.
school, said to his mother, "1
kitten-chisrafor little boyB ?
is too hard.
let iue China
I . \ JSunday
L « «it there »
['m ' atechism
<