The Greensborough patriot [December 16, 1843]

              awjrc&ra>£fc>
VOL. V. GRKENSBORO', N. C, DECEMBER 16,1843. NO. 45.
rrm.iMii-n WEEKLY,
U"Sr KVfABBB <St BBSISWOOI9.
Paicx: Two dollars >IMI Fitly IVnii a year, in nil-admits
that satisfaction It due. In ihe case ol KM
Jones, ilif ■inn accruing I r m ihe salo of thai «o*a> I
anil cargo will In1 p-uc' to the nwnni—whih, I can-not
hut tl.uii r invx If thai full nidi uu.iGcalion will
re on the pan .1 any subacri. , ,lu(l ^ „1H u,m.,_tnd „, ,|„. r»„. „f ,|M. Douglass,
e wit uu Tin1 ve,,r, win '" i ,. • .. . . ■ • . y .
I In i M.!|, -i. - (...v. iiinii i i hi- i xpreaai il in deter.
ranecj or Three Dollar", alter Iktea 19M from the lle ,||11VI, „ for all damages MStaioed bv Ihe drirn
date nl subscription.—failure on Hie
bor to nriler a iliccontimiaiice within m /«mia awaaii .
cuii'iilfml iinlicnlive n( hi* wish |o continue, i "'' ""r"? " ,",v',|n
• Ann»Ti«««Ki.m inwrtrdjil the late olOne Dollar j »llielloii in inak de.nin final ton. Strong hopes
!rr square ol 11 Jim-n pr less tl.r the Drat iumtluu. and •*• therefora entertained, ihai moat, if not all ol
V, mly-ii\ n rciit/lffi each tcniin mm.' these cases will he speedily adjusted. No new
•'■■""■ <u '•■" Wtdtshera BUM he pnst-pai.l, or they cites have arisen ainpe ibe ratification of the Trca-
■ ■» of Wittin.loo, and, n •» coi.6dentl, anncipai-ira
|i
•y
'to lie Stwilr and
BWM of HeprmrntutiviKof Ihr V S. :
If any ueuph ever kail MUM hi render up ihii.lia
lo the Si,|in mi Being for p.riiii.ii Mm and pro
Ircliiiu extended la iin-in in all ihe trials iin.l ililli
cullies In whirh they Mte lieen from time lo How
uxpose.l, we cerldiiily ato ih it people. From the
Jjrsl aeitlcinvnt of our forefathers on Una oonli
went—through i 'n (I H._i r- alMlidaill upon the oc-cupalinu
of a savngr wiMrnicas—Ihr..nob a long
peiiini nf ('.ii.ini,,! dependence—though the war
of the Revolution—in ihe wisdom which led lo Ihe
•dnpllon ol the cXr-lmg Republican liilina ,1 (i.i
•eminent—in Ihe hazards iiicnh 1,1 lo a War tub.
sequriiily waged »ilh one of the matt powcilui
I, lhal ill** s.avc Ira le, under Ihe operation of ihe
| eighth amcle of that llotlf, Mil be altogether aup-
> pressed.
Tin ncc tstonal interruption er.peneiir.il by our
[fellow ciiizena engaged in the fi.herict on ihe
neighboring Boast of Nina fleolia, has nol fmlrd to
claim lllc allellllllli ol iHe Ex'CUllVe. Rcprescll-lalmna
II|MUI ihia
. vel no ilefinllive
, ha* been rcooited liom ill. Brillfth Governnient.
Two oilier -.iiij. N ol comparatively minor mi
I porianee, hut ueverihele»aol It* much consequence
lo be neglected, remain alill lode adjusted beiween
the Iw.icoiinlriea. Ity ihe Treaty lieiweeo the U.
Siai.. ami Orell Itritain ol July. IHlo, n it pro-
: vol. if ihiii mi ht^h. r duiieinhiill be levied in eiihcr
. couniry on artielea ini(ntrteil fioui ihe other, than
on ihe .nine ariirh a uupurleil from any oilier plat'
of ihe (iuverniiioiii fail, for any auch caoar, to d a-charge
ifa whole duty lo ihe couniry.
The war which haa existed for to long a nine
tielwecn Mexico and Texaa baa, aince Iho battle of
San Jacinlo, conaiaied for iho moal pan of preda-tory
incuraiona, which, while Ihey have bean at-tended
null much of aufJeniig lo individuals, and
have kept iho bordera ol Ihe two countnea in a
male ol constant alarm, have lailed In approach lo
any definite result. Mexico has 6lled out no for-midable
arinainem I>> land or by sea for ihe aubju
ganon of Texaa.—Eighl yeara have elapeed aiuce
Texas declared her iudc|ieudeiice of Mexico, and
during Ui.ii nine ahe baa been recogniaed as a si v-ereign
power by several of the principal civilized
alalea. Mexico, neveribeleaa, neleevero* in her
plans of recoiiqiieat, and refusra lo tccogniae her
imli'lHiiidence. Tin predatory incuraiona lo which
_ I have alluded, have been aliended, HI one mslance,
nbj. el h.ive In- ade, bin n I wuh ihe breaking up of couila of jualice by the j has succeeded in effecting an adjustment of
anas), r M ihuM lepn seniaiions | seizing unon ihe petaona of ihe judgra, jury anil! claim upon lhal Uovvrnmenl for Ike achooner
The Ira4e hrrelolore carried on by our cilnens
wuh Sanle Fe, in which muchcapnal waa already
mveeied.aiid whieh was becoming ol daily increas-ing
iinponaiice, baa suddenly been anealed by a
decree of virtual prohibition on Ihe pan ..f the Mex-ican
tioveriiineiit. Wkalever may ba- Ihe right of
Mexico lo protnbil any particular course of trade,
lo Ihe ciiizena or auhjecls ol for. ieii powera, Ibis
lale procedure, to say tin. least of II, wears a harsh
and unfriendly aspect.
The inalalmenta on Ihe claims recently aellled
by Ihe Conveiiiion with Mexico hare benn punc-tually
paid a« ihey have fallen due, and our Mmia-ler
la engaged in urging Ihe ealabliahinriil of a new
cninniisnM.il in pursuance of the Convention for the
aclllemenl of unadjusted claims.
With the oiher American Slates our relations of
amily and good will have remained umnleriupled.
Our Minister near Ihe. Republic of New tireuerfl,
he
llv
i-fi
ffieers M the court, and dragging iheui along wilb I'liance," * Inch had been pnndiug for many yeais.
unarmed, and therefore noi. combaiam citizens, The claim for Ihe brig "Morris," which had Ma ori-
IIIIO a cruel and oppresaive bondage, Ibua having | gin during ihe existence of ihe Kcpublie of Co
criine 10 go unpunished and immoralilv lo pass un- ! iumbia, and indemnification for which, aiuce ihe
reproved. A burlier warlare is evermore lo be lie | diasolution of lhal Republic, baa devolved on Ha
precated, and over auch a war aa lias existed for so ' several nn inliers, will be uiged with renewed zeal,
many yenra luilveen this.: two Slates, hum .inly has | I have much pleaaurc in aaymg lhal Hie liovaru-
. , vn I >ri— - -i rut- nun ir ii i u i uu. ■ c-<i 11 mil a il y inin I 1'iui s-ot.
ion. of he eiiril.-,,, , , cr.a.e „f .1U, p ,. , ,8M fc ,„, J ,„ ,.„,;,„„„„ „ „B m,
hlHM-.il. the spna, „f Ihe lit. .,,,1 Kie.lCe,, ,nd ,,, ,„„„ „„. , „f A,f| ,;„,„, „,„„„
In Ihe alrengih ;,..,! durability co i rreil on
people
politi-cal
iiiHinutio.it •IMMtinf from Ihe and tlnr
lainod by their will—the superintendence uf an
overruling Provnl. nee hat been plan.lv siajble —
As preparalori, iherelore, lo enuring once more
npon the high duties of legialaimii, it becomes u«
humbly to ackmiwIeilL'e our dependence upon Hun
aa our guide and arolerior, and to implore a con-linnanoe
of Hit parental walchfulnes. ov. r our In-ioved
couniry. We have new cause lm the el-presaion
of our graiiiude in Ihe pn seivainui ol
Ihe hrai'h of our fellow cuizens, wuh some par
Ha' and local exceptions, duririi? the past aeaton
(oi Iln- abiiiidance wuh which ihe .-arili haa yield-
«d up ils fiuiit lo Ihe labors of ihe hu-h ■mlinan —
fer Ihe renewed nciiviiv which hi. been nnpiuied
lo commerce—for the revival ol liade in all us
dep.irtuienta—for ihe increaai'd rewards aiiemlani
nn ihe exercise of ihe mechanic ails—lor iln- run.
Iniued growth of our popi.Ulion and Ihe rapidly
reviving pio«p.ril\ of ihe whole rouuiiv. I >hail
lie permitted to etelMngaj ciingrainlaMiii'n w.th vnu,
gelltleineu of Ino Itu Houses of Ciing'es«, nu these
antpii-iout circunislaiic.-s, and lo a*-uie you, in
advance, of my ready disposition lo concur with
you in ihe adoption of all such mettmea as ahail
be calculated to incieane the happin.ssol our con
alilucnla and In advance ihe glory of our cummin,
country.
on the paimeri! of ;i duly ol un* pinny a quarter,
while ihe same Hitirle Irnin all oilier eouoines, in.
elodlllg Ihe Ulttled Slali s, w.n. ouhjecleil to the pay-ment
ol adult oi ivreiiiy ahillinga <• quitter, tr
hail greal MUM 'O lament. Nor is such a condition
of thing* lo he ih plored only because of the indi-vidual
suffering attendant upon it. Th« efT.-cis are
lar more exiensive. The I'reaior ol Ihe Universe
has given man the Earth I
us IIIIIIK loi Ins suhaisli net
uirMI of Brazil has adjusted Ihe claim upon lhal
Cot -rnmeiil in ihe case of Ihe schooner "John S.
Bryan, and lhal aauguine hopea are enleriained
'hat the tame tpinl of ju-lice will influence Hf
h s letting placu. and councils in arriving al an early decision epon Ihe
Whatever, therefore, remaining claims; Iheieby removing all caute of
ball Uiak) ihe firsl or any pan ofila tcene of dea- dissension brlwren two Powers, whose luirreala
, ''"' ■••«■* injuriously his heritage, and may he in ;u mme extent interwoven wuh each olher.
Mimaier al London has from tune In tun. broiit'ht i "'ga'did as a j. neral calamity. Wart may some- : Our Minister al Chili has succeeded in inducing
hi' sul.jipi lo the ironsideijtioi. of iln- Billlab Go ] """ • be necessary ; hut all naiioua have a common a recognition by lhal Gnveinmeiil, of ihe adju-i
bul POCCeat. lle is
alrueled lo ri new II
Some years sine.
■ he Brmah Onveiiin
meiieaii in. -c li o ' -
ir Hithii'ii
is lepresenlalioiis npon it.
a claim w as, preferred aifaiest
• oi on ihe pan ol c.'itain A-lot
the return ol export dn'lia
_ I paid hv them or slop. ,. of woollen goods lo ihe i'''"'""" cuiiitaimg the rel
,,. , Uiiiied Stale., an. , ihe duly mi similar aruelc. ex "" """' f *'*nded coin.nerci
poried lo oilier coulilrnt hail bein repealed, anil
consequently in coiiiravcniion of ihe coiumercia
ennveol b-lwein the two nations a* curing IOIM
■ quaint in si.chcas... Ihe principle uu which
lite clam, ri s's IIIIS loliir since been virtually ail
milled bv Greal Britain hui obstacles lo a .euie.
inenl have limn lime lo lime been in1er|Mi-ed. so
that a large portion uf ihe sinoiiui claimed baa nol ,
yet In en r. fuelled Our Miniater la n-.w engaged I
in Ihe prosniuiii.ii nfjhe claim, and I cannot hui '
persuade myself (hai ihe Ur.ttsl, (lovi ilillu lit will,
no longer ib lay us ailjusinienl.
I am happv to he able lo sty llni i.o'btrrg ha^ '
occurred (o d'siurh in any degu e lbs ri lauoiia ol j
amity wliirn ellsl b. IWi ■ n Ih. L'n">d Siai.-a and i
_ Weal in bringing lliein Ipm dily lo a cloto. The inenl effrcied bv his predecessor, of Ihe firal claim
United Stales have an Immediate interest in seeing in ihe ease of Ihe "Macedonian." The first iurtal
an end put lo Ihe stale ol hostilities existing bo- incut haa been received by Ihe claimants In the U.
tw.eii .Mexico and Texas. They are our neighbors, Slalea.
..f ihe tame coiilinenl, wuh whom we are not only j Nonce of the exchange of rahficaiiont of Ihe
l.suuua ol cultivating Ihe relali.nis of amily, bul ol j liealy wuh Peru, which will lake place al Luna,
al intercourse, and lo ! has not yet reached ihit couulry, bul la shortly ex-practise
all ibcrighlsofa neighborhood hoapilality. | peeled lo be received, when the daunt upon lhal
Our own uilerettt are deeply inml veil in ihe mat- : Republic will doubllraa lie liquidated and paid,
tcr, since, however neutral may be nur course ofj In consequence of a misundertiiiiding between
ol policy, wecan.iol hope lo cacape ihe effecti of a ihis (jnveriimeul and thai of R.ienot Ay res, occur
apiril el jealousy uu Ihe pan of holh ibe powera j ring aoveral teara ago, lint Cyerninem haa re-
Nor can this Ciovernuii lit he indiffeieni lo the fact maim d unrepresented al lhal courl, whle a Minis-lhal
a warfare, such at it vagi d h. Iweeii lln.se two ler from it has been constantly resident hero. The
nations, is MaCa'ated to weaken both |K»wers, and causes of filiation have in a greal in. asure passed
fi.iaiiy lo lender ihcm. . specially Ihe weaker of Ihe away, and il it in contemplation, in view ol impor.
two, ihe suhj.cla ol interference on Ihe part of lanl micros!, which bite grown up in thai couulry
Since Ibe last adjournment of Congress, the El- ! ''"'
iiculive has relaxed no i fl.ul lo tends
Austria, and Huts a, as will as auh ihe
.ih siinc- I '"her Pow. i- nl Europe, since the idjoaVulltonl ol
lible the lelaiions of amity which so happily ealst f ConffeM. Spain has been agitated wuh mi. mill
between Ihe United SfalM and oihc-r connirus. eoosulsiona for man* years, limn ihe • IT. eis ol
The Ireaty laiely concluded wuh Oreal !liuain , which it •• 'o b< hopr-d she is destuud speedily in
baa tended greatly lo increase ihe good understand ' recover— when, under a more lihiral system ol
ing which a recip oruy of interest is ualculai. d [ cniiimcicial policy on her parlj our Irade wiih h
lo encourage, and il ia mnal ardently lo be hop. d I "'•>' ngau. fill us u!il and .n lar at her coniuieiiial
thai nothing mav irantp re lo interrupt Ihe rela j P' SaessiOOS are cnnccrni d, Us ehnosl f .isnkeoehai.
liana nf ainiiv which il ia so obviously ihe policy ' ""I". Ih. rebv adding 10 ihr mutual pruspcrit) ol ihe
of both iialiona locnliivaie. I two coiiniries.
A question of much importance still remains lo
be adjunct! between iheni. The l< tutorial limits
of Ihe two counlnea in relation lo what is com-monly
known aa the Oregon lerrirory. atiM remain
ir. dispute. The Umled Sum would ai all luni s i Stales, and • mhlM
he indisposed lo aggrandize ihemselv.s al Ihe ex- ! people umled foi a
penac ol any olhci naliou; bul while ihey would he
real ruined by principles of honor, which should go-vern
Ihe conduct nf nnliona aa Well as lhal nl lhdl-1
v id na Is, liom s> lung up a deinand for icrruniv which
doct nol belong In Iln in. ili.y arunllTaaBtnailltngly
cootenl In a tnrrenrlri of iheir righlr. Ami ihe
moal ngiil, and at far aa praolicabbs, unbiassed ex
sminaiinn of iho tuhject, ill. Untied Slates have
always contended 'hat llnir rights appertain in tin
entire region of couniry lying on ihe Pacific, ami
embraced within Ihe forly-sfeond and filly fourlh
deg. 4U inin. nf Nnrih latitude Tim chum being
controverted hv deal Britain, those who have pre.
ceded the presenl Executive, actuated, no ti.uihi,
by an earuea: desire lo adjust ihe mailer upor,
Tht Germanic Aaaoltlalion olCttalowis and Com-merce,
which, since its establishment in 16133 has
ban n steadily grown g in power ai d importance, and
conalsla nl Ihis lime ol more than tltenly (■eiiuau
a population if J7 titlO.OIMI of
iln puipuses til coinineicial
-trmiger and inure powerful nations, which, inieni ' al tmoe early period during ihe meaeal session of
only mi advancing iheir own |nculiar news, may Congreaa, wuh Ihe concurrence of Ihe Senate, lo
•'''" tastl siiempi lo bnog abui.i a compliance resiorc diplumalic relaliona belweou Ihe iwo coun-uuh
nuns, in the condition ol iheir imerposilion, irios.
alike dirogalory lo Ihe naiion granting thern and . Under I lie provisions of an acl of Congreaa of
detrimental la ihe lelereeta of the UnMed Slalea. Ibe last session, a Minuter waa despatched from
Mi c u'd nol be expected quietly lo permil My Ihe United Slalea lo China, in August of lh« pret.
inch uiierl.rence I.. our ilisadvantage. Consider-, cnl year, who, from Ihe latest accounts we hate
n g lhal Texas is separated from ihe United Stales from him, waa at Suez, m Egypt, on the 2Z\Hi of
bv a mere geogi.-iplncal line, lhal her territory, in September latl. on hit route lo China.
Ihr opinion of many, formed a portion of 'he lerri- ' In regard lo Ihe Indian Iribea reai.lu.a; within our
liny of Ihe United Stales, lhal il is homogeneous juriadiclional limits, ibe greaieal vigilance of Ihe
I in its population and pursuits with the adjoining Govnmuieiil haa been oxrrled lo preterve ihem al
; Stales, mahea contributions lo Ihe commerce of ihe ' peace among ihemaeltea, and lo inspire ihem with
world in the sameainc'ra wuh ihem, and lhal inn.i feelings of confidence in the justice of this Uovurii-of
her inhabitants bate been cilix- liaoi Ihe Umled [ inenl, and In cultivate friendship wuh the border
Slalea, speak the tame language and live under ti- ' inhtbilaiilt. This haa happily succeeded la a
nlercourse wuh each oilier and with loreign alalea,
iifTera lo Ihe lam r and mesi valuable exchanges on
principles Dime liberal than are ofleittT in the fiscal
system of any oih. r Kurnp. an SDWer. From us
origin, ihe importance ol Ibe German Union has
never been lost sight nl by tin Untied Slates The
industry, moialiu in d other valuabl. qualities ol
ihe Cerman nation, .have a ways been well known
m il ii|i|iiirirnl On ihis subject I iuvi'e Ih. al
lenlioo of Cong-, sa lo the 'cpoil of ihe Secretary ol
Stale, Ironi winch n will be teen lhal while our
colion ia admill. d Irei ol duly, and Ihe duly op rice
haa been much reduced, which haa already led lo a
greally increasid cm.aumpiuu., asiiong di.|h.ailion
has hi in reci.tly.tinc.il by lhal gieal body lores
rm'.ir political iiisliriillmit with ouiselves, ihis Go
vernmenl is hiun.d by cverv considetslion of mter-etl
st well st of sympathy, lo see lhal she shsll bo
left free load, especially in regard lober domettic
affairs, in aw. ,1 by force, and unrest mm. d by Ihe
policy or views of olher countrirt. In lull view el
all these considerations, Ihe Executive lias not ho- I year, 1843, exclusive of loans, were little more
silsled lo express In Ihe Government of Mexico i than eighteen millions of dollars; and Ihe ezpen.
how deeply il a deprecaied continuance of Ihe wsr,! dilutes, exclusive of paymenia on the public debi"
I greal
extenl; bul il is s subject of regrel Ihst Ihey suffer
themselves in some uaatances to be impoaed upon
by arlful and designing men—snd ihit nolwitli.
standing sll the cfjorts of the Goveriintenl lo ;ire-tenl
il.
The receipla into ihe Treasury for the calendar
terms mutually satiefaciory In Isold cunnlries, have { thaw II|KIII ceilain eondilious. their presenl duly
caused to be subinille'l In the Ifruith Ciovernmcnl, i "pon toiaeco Tina tiring Ihe firal inlimaliuu of a
propositions for aclllemenl and final adjnslment, I«« ession on this inlercsiing .ul.jccl ever made by
which, however, have nol piuvrd heretofore sect p I any Koiopean power, I cannot hui regaid lias well
table lo H. Our Milliner al London hat. under ! calcn'an-d lo remove ihe only impediment which
instruction!, again brought ihe subject In Ihe cm, | has so far existed lo Ihe most liberal commercial
aideralion ot that (ruteruiueiii; and while nothing I ilitertWIItt" between 1st and ihem In this view,
will be done lo coniprnmu Ihe rights, or honor ol i our Minister at Ueihn, who has heitlofore iiidua-the
United Stales, every pro|ur expedii in will be mously pui.ueil Ibe sobjefll, lias been instructed lo
Trsoricd to in order to bring ihe i.cffotiatiitn nuw I aolfl upon ihi' ncgnlisliiin of a commercial lieaty,
in Ihe pri.itressofresiimption.il. a »p nil and hap ' which, while il will open new advantages lo ihe
py teriniiiai'oii. In ih. meantime ti it proper lo' agncoliural Inlerrtls uf the Uuued Sutea, and a
remark, that irai>y of our citizens ate either alrra- j more free and expanded field for enniuierejal opera-
<ly etiahlithrd in the territory, m ar- on ih -ir way I I'ons, will affici injulioual) ■ • i .itli , intere/l of
lliitlu r fur ihe purpnse nl l.iru.ing pum. mm ael.
llcntciits. while others are pi. paring lo follow
and in view of these fans, I must repeal ihe re-commendation
contained in previous message*, for
Ihe cslabli.hinenl of million pntla, nl such places.
an the line of travel, as will furnish sccnriiy and
protection lo our hardy adventurers
lile tribes of Indians inhabiting thoae extensive re.
gums. Our laws should also follow ih an mods
ified a« Ihe circumstances ol Ihe ease may seem lo
require. Under ihe influence of our free at/steal
of government, new republics an destined lo spring
up, al nn distant day, on ihe shores of the Pacific,
tiintltr in policy and m feeling million i anting on
this tide nf ihe Rocky Mountains, and Loving a
wider and more exiensive spuunl lo the principles
ol civil ami religious liberty.
I am h.-ppv to inform you thai ihe case, winch
Ihe Union. Si.ould ihi ncgoiia.iuu he crown*d
with success, us results will be i- unniuiitcated lo
both Houses of Congress.
I communicate herewith certain despatches re-
'*' ivi d Iroui our Minister al Mexico, and alto a
corierpmulence wh.ch has recently occurred be
gatnat hot. | iween the Envoy fu-ni that Repoblic and the Sec.
'clary of Siote. Il must be regard, d as nol s lit.
ill extraordinary that ihe (internment of Mexico,
io aniiripaiimi of a public discussion, which il has
In en pleased to infer from newspaper publications,
as likely to lake place in Congress, re'sling .n Ihe
aniiexai'ini nf Tolas to ihe United Sistcs, abould
have solar anticipated ihe sstjll ol such discussion
as lo have announced Us determination lo visit any
.ucli anticipated decision by a formal declaration
nl war against ihe Untied Slates. Il designed to
prevent Congie.s (nun introducing thai question,
fll subject for lls calm dcllbt ralimi and filial
i reason to doubt
and how anxiously il desired In witness lls terrain
iitoui. I csnnol but think lhal il becomes the
United States, ss the oldest of Ihe American Re.
publics, lo hold a language lo Mexico upon Ihis
siihj. clofsn unamhiguou! character. Il iatime
thai ihiawar hadcraaed. There inusl be a hunt to
all wars; and if Ihe parent Stale, after an eight
ve.its struggle, has failed lo reduce to submission a
portion of ils luhjccta standing out in revolt igiinsl
it, and who have not only proclaimed themselves
lo be independent, bul have boon recognised ss
such by other Powers, she ought nol lo expect Ihst
other nations will quietly look on, to their obvious
injury, upon a protraction of hoalihtiea. These
Umled Slates threw off Iheir colonial dependence,
and establish, d independent (ioverninelitl ; and
Greal Britsiu, after having waaled hei energica in
the aiti mpi to tiihduo thorn for s lets period ihsn
Mexico hss aitempied to subjugate Texas, had ihe
wiedom and jualice lo acknowledge iheir indepen-dence,
iheieby lecogmsicg ihe obligation which
retted on her aa one of ihe family of nation!.. An
example ihua let by ono of ihe proudeii aa wall ss
most poweiful nali'iia of the earth il could in no
will hsve been ahum twenty-three millions of dol!
lart. By the Acl of 1843, a new arrangement of
the fiscal year was made, »o that it abould com-mence
on Ihe 1st dsv of July in osch yesr. The
sccounts and estimates for ihe current fiscsl yesr,
will show thai the loans and Treasu'y notes made
snd tiaui d before the close of the laal Congress, lo
meet the aniicipa'ed deficiency, have not been en.
litely adequate. Although on the lal of October
last, there was a balance in the Treasury in c.onae-qnence
of the provision Ibut made, ol $3,914,(183
77, yel Ihe appropriations already nade by Con.
(rest will absorb lhal balance, and lease a proba.
hie deficiency of Iwo mil hunt of dollars al Ibe close
nf ihe pieseni fiscal year. There are outstanding
I'M asu i y notes lo a bout Ihe ainuunt of lour un 11 ion t
sit bundled thousand dollaia; and should iIn y be
leturned upon Ihe Treasury during the fi-cai year,
ihey will require provision for their redemption—
I du nol however regsrd Ihis aa probable, since ihey
hata obviously entered into the currency oi ihe
couniry, and will continue lo form • portion of it,
:f the system now sdoptcd he continued. The loan
a 1841, amounting lo 88 672.976 68, falls due on
way disparage Meiico lo imitate. Wlulo, there- ! the ltl of January, 1843, and mini be provided for
have arisen, from lime io tune.ol the detention of
Amerir.nn vessels hv Dritith erui-ers oa the coast judgments loo Exicunte I _.
of Africa, under pretence of being engaged III ihe lhal il will enlurly fail ol il
slave trade, have been placed in a fair llain of ad i reseniansea of a brave and
fore, ihe Executive would deplore any coihaion
with Mexico, or my disturbance nf iln friendly re.
laliona which cxitl between the Iwo counlnea, n
cannot permit that Government lo control its poli-cy,
whatever it may be, towarda Texas; bufwill
neat her aa by the recognition of her independence
the United Slalea have long since declared Ihey
would do, as entirely independent of Mexico. The
high obligations of public duly may enforce from
the constitulcd authorities of the Umled Stales s
policy which the course persevered in by Mexico
will hsve mainly coin, ihuieil lo ploduce j Slid ihe
Executive, in such a contingency, will with coufi.
deuce throw iltulf upon the patriot ism of ihe Peo-ple
lo auatain the Government its ua couiacof
action.
Measures of an unusual character have rcceemly
or positioned by a new loan. And unleta th» re
souicea of icvenue should he materially increased
by you, there will be s probable deficiency for ibe
fiscal year ending June 30th, 184S, of upwarda ol
about foui millions of dollars.
The delusion incident losn enormously excretive
paprr circulation, which gave a fielilioua value to
every thing, and tumulalcd adventure and specula-tion
lo an extravagant extent, has been happily auc-re.
rled by the substitution of Ihe precioua mulalt,
and paper promptly redeemable in specie, and ihua
false values have disappeared, and a auiiudt r con.
dilion nf things hat been introduced. This Iranai.
lion, although intimately connected with the prns-perity
of the country, haa nevertheless bnen sttend
ed with much emhsrrassinnnt lo the (iovernmeiit,
II lit financial conccma. So long at Ihe foreign
lo an obviously ds-prteialed sslue io us second, s»
ihsl it on longer answered ihe pwrpooea of ax-change
or barter, and itt ultimate substitution by o
sound metallic and paper circulation combined, haa
been attended by diminished importations, and a
consequent falling off in the revenue. Tint hit in.
doced Congress, from 1837, to reenrt lo Ihe expedi-ent
of issuing Ireaaury notaa, and finally of funding
ih.m, in order In supply drSrienciei. t cannot,
however, withhold the remark that it ia io no way
compatible wuh Ihe dignity of the Goternmenl Ibat
a public debt should be created in time of peace.to
meet the current eipenaea of the Government, or
that temporary oipedienta should be resorted to aa
hour longer than il ia possible toatoid them. The
Eieculivn can do no more thsn spply the means
which Congress places in ils hands for the support
of (aoternnienl ; snd hsppily for ihe good of ilia
couniry snd for the preservslivn of ils liberties, it
possesses no power lo levy exactions on the people,
or to force from Ihem contributions to*Ibe public
rotcnus in sny form. It csn only recommend ouch
measures aa may, in ila opinion, be called for by
the wants of Ihe public service, lo Congress, with
whom alone reala the power to "lay and collect
taxea, duties, imposts, snd excites." This doty
has upon seteral oceaaiont heretofore bean perform-ed.
The present condition of things givea a flat-tering
promise that trade and commerce are rapidly
reviving, and, fortunately for the country, the sour,
r.ea of revenue hive only lo bo opened, in order lo
prove abumlinl.
While wncin anticipate no considerable increase
ui the proceeds of Iho tales of the public lands, fur
reasons perfectly obtioos in all for several years lo
come, yet the public Isnds csnnol otherwise tbsn be
regarded aa the foundation of the public credit.—
With to large a body of the moit fertile lands in
the world under the control and at Ihe disposal of
the Government, no one can reasonably doubt the
enure ability of the Government to meet ils engage-ment
under ttetj emergency. In aeaaona of trial
and difficulty similar to those through which we are
passing the capitalist makea hia investment in iho
(iovernmeiit nocks with the moil assured confidence
of ultimate reimbursement; and whatever may bo
said ia a period of greal financial prosperity, such
aa existed for some yeara after 1883, I should re-gard
it as auicidal in a aeaaou of financial embar-rassment,
either lo alienate ihe landi thorn selves, or
Ihe proceeds arising from iheir Mies. The firsl
and fararnnunt duty of those to whom may be en-trusted
Iho administration of public affairs, il lo
guard ihe public credit. In re-eslabliabiog Ibe
cieditof this central Government, tin- readiest and
moal obnoua mode ia taken lo restore the credit nf
the Stales. The extremities can only be mads
sound by prod acme; a healthy action in the central
Goternmenl, and ibe history of iho preientdiy ful-iy
establishes ihe fact, that an increase in Ibe sal.
ue of the stocks of this Goternmenl will, in a ma-jority
of instances, he attended by in increiM in
ihe value of iho stock, of the States. It should,
therefore, be a manor of general congratulation thai
amidst all Ihe embarrassments arising from surroun-ling
circumstances, Ihe credit of the Government
should have been ao fully restored ibat it has been
enabled to effect a loan of seven millions of dollar! 19
redeem that amount of Treaaury notes, on tarrnf
more favorable than any thlt hive been offered for
many yeara. And ihe six per cent, stock wkich
wuscreai-d in 1842, haa advanced in ihe handa of
iho boldei to nearly twenty per cent, above ila par
value. The confidence of tbe people in the inlsg.
my of their Government hai thua been signally
manifested. These opinions relative to Ibe public
lands do nol in my manner conflict with Ihe ohicr.
vince of Ihe moal liberal policy towards thosa of
out fallow ciiizena who preaa forward into Ihe wil.
ilernen and ira the piooaera to Ihe workot ill re-clamation.
In aecunng lo all auch iheir rights of
pre einptton, the Government performi but in act
of rel11bull ve jualice for sufferings encountered and
hardships endured, and finds ample remuneration
in ihe comforts which its policy ensures and Iho
happiness which it impsrts.
Should s revision of Ihe tariff, with a view to ra.
venue, become necessary in the estimation of Con-gress,
I doubt not you will approach the subject
wuh i just and enlightened regard to the mieresu
of ihe whole Union. The principles and views
which I haro heretofore hid occasion to auburn,
remain unchanged. Il can, however, never be too
often repealed, ibat Ihe prominent inlorost of evsry
important pursuit of life, requires for success, per-manency
and stability in legislation. Thoae can
only be attained by adopting as tba basis of sction,
moderslion ina%lhinga, which is as indispensably
necessary to sccuio the harmonious action of Iho
political aaof ihe animal system. In nui political
organization, no ono section ol the country should
disuc lo have ila supposed interests advanced ai ihe
sacrifice of all oilier.; but Union being tbe great
interest, rqoilly precious to sll, should be fostered
and sustained by mutual concessions snd the cuhi
ration cf lhal spun nf compromise from which iho
Constitution itself proceeded.
You will be informed, by Ihe report from the
Treasury Department, of Ihe meaturea taken under
the act of the laal tessinn, authorizing Ihe reissue
of Treasury nutes in lieu of those then outstanding.
The avateui adopted in pursuance uf sxistitig Isws,
seems well calculated to sat* ihe country a large
amount ot imereal, while il afforda cootianencea
and obviates dangers and expense in the transmis-sion
of funds lo disbursing agenla. I lefer yojt
alsu lo thai report for the ineana proposed by the
Secretarv tn increase Ibe revenue, and partirulsrty
lo thai portion of il which n Isti-s lo Iho suliji ci of
ihe waie-hnusui|r tyatem, which 1 earnestly urgrd
upon Congress si us Issi session, and at to ibe im-portance
of which my opinion haa undergone no
change.
In view ol the disordered condition of iho ctrfrcn .
ey ai the lime, and the Inch roiea of rxchanirw-*S»»
Iween differ, nl parla ol Ihe enunliy, I felt II lo be
iiicnnibeni on nir, io presm t io the consideration
bee adopted by IhcMextcandovcrnment calculated ' importers could receive pavmrnl for their cargoea
io no small degree to afleel Ihe trade of other m in a currency nf treatlv lesa value than lhal in Ku
linns with Mexico, and I > operate injuriously to rope, but fully available here in the purchase of our
the I nttcd Slalea. All foreigners hv a decree of agricultural productions, their profits being iniri-ea- . .
object Ihe Ui p. j ihe 23d day of September, and alter six months ; aiuablv augmented by that operation, the shipments i of your predecessor*, a proposition conflicting in
painoiic penjile will from its promulgation, are forbidden lo carry on were large and ihe revenues of iln (iuv.tiiu.i in he. ■ no degree with the Constll n, or wuh Ihe rights
Oil, | softer no apprehension of futuic onnsequencei lo j ihe business of selling by retail any goods within came superabundant. Bui ihe change in He char. . of ih. Slai.s. and bating ibe Mnction not in detail,
Ulbarrui Ihem in the course of their proposed dc- [ the confiuei of Mexico. Against Una decree our . acler of Ihe circulation fu.in a nominal and appa- i bul in principle, of some ol the ihe eminent men
I rent ly real value, in tho firsl stages of ua cxntcnce I who had ptecedtd me in the Executive nmc*.—
•■ill si>ialanlloo will be allow. In Ihe case nl
!gril and Scaocw, the Brined (lorrrritncnl | liberations. Nor will the Executive Department | .M.uutcr h« iut failed torctnonitraic.