The Greensborough patriot [June 28, 1861]

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K &X
VOL. XXIII. GREENSBOROUGH, N. C, JUNE 28, 1861. NO. 1,153. >
<BI;e (Smnsbarougjj patriot.
PUBLISHED SEMI-WEEKLY. BY
SHE 11 WOOD &LONG,
EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS.
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From the Richmond Whig-
1'ankce Finances and Yankee Trou-bles.
The following article from the New York
World, of the 13:h, unfolds some of the diffi-culties
which await the old Wreck in carrry-rying
out its programme. The honest Yan-kee
(if such a tuztaposiiion of words be ad-missable,)
opens with a frank confession,
that the Constitution forbade the President
to raise and support armies—Lincoln swore
to support the Constitution—utterly disregar-ded
his oath, and trampled that instrument
under foot. The whole proceeding, however,
was hailed with joy by tho whole Yankee
nation, and their only regret was that there
was not another Constitution which ho could
•subject to the samo fate. Congress, we are
told, must legalize these usurpations, and in-crease
the naval aid land forces to half a
million of men. Being surrounded by 30,-
000 hirelings, whom Lincoln has already put
in possession of tho Capitol, Congress will
have very little discretion in the premises.—
It will be required to vote for whatever bills
the military despotism may dictate, and will
be expected to do so without waste of
words.
But all this is easy enough. The tug
comes when you reach the money bills, or
rather the means by which money can be
got. Tariffs may bo imposed—Treasury
notes may be issued, and loans for indefinite
sums authorized—but toe money, the
money, the money ! How is that to be ob-tained
? There lies the rub. This Yankee
admits that tho tariff cannot be made to
yield over 50 millions—probably not 35 mil
lions. We suspect it Cannot be made to reach
20 millions, treasury notes have already
exhausted their credit, and ihe only resource
left is a loan or direct taxation. Supposing
the tariff to yield 50 millions, two hundred
additional millions will be necessary for put-ting
down the rebellion. As to direct taxa-tion,
the Yankee editor has no relish ior
that. It is a novelty, and tho country is not
in a sufficiently prosperous condition to en-dure
it. Borrowing is the ouly expedient—
and two hundred millions is the modest sum
needed. What capitalists in the world would
trust their money to this disreputable Rump ?
The Yankees themselves can't do it—for all
thoir wealth is a fiction, and they are as poor
as their Government. If they can make a
living from year to year it is quite as much
as can be expected of them. Foreign capi-talists
will not touch—for they see the im-pending
crash and bankruptcy of Yankee-lorn.
No per cent, however high will tempt
ihom into the trap. The Yankee oditor seeks
to inveigle them by representing the resour-ces
ot the country as ton times greater than
in 1810. Bio remembers to forget that he no
longer has the South to draw upon. In the
future he will have to foot his own bills.—
Heretofore the cotton and tobacco of the
South and the Yankee tariffs were very con-venient
resources for filling Yankee pockets
and taking Government loans. But that day
•md thoso°protits are passed forever. Wood-on
clocks and wooden nutmegs, and codfish,
and ships rotting, and spindles unemployed,
a redundant and starving population, and
Yankee tricks and Y'ankee "notions" gener-ally
will in future constitute the staples of
Yankeedoodledom, and their main reliance
:'or negotiating loans in the capitals of Eur-
>pe. Sterling bills on corgoes of tobacco and
cotton bales disappear from thier financial
horizon forever and a day.
What effect the announcement of this en-ormous
debt and the consequent taxation will
liave upon the mass of the Northern people
we have yet to see.- They, aro a race who
live only for money—it is their Cod; and
when they come to realise the face, that all
their hard earnings aie to be absorbed by a
Standing army ot some hundred thousand
men and oppressive taxes, wo can imagine
their horrible howl. The jobbers and con-tractors,
the officers of the army and navy
and their creatures and dependants will, as
in duty and interest bound, advocate the
most wasteful expenditure, and acting by
I concert, they will represent the largest ap-i
propiiations as evidence of the most ardent
patriotism. Bat the people—tho poor wret-ches
who will have the money to pay, if
they ever bavo the opportunity of declaring
i their opinions—will execrate the Government
which has cheated and ruined them.
From the New York World of 18th June.
THE APPROACHING SESSION OF CON-GRESS.
Public attention is beginning to turn to
the extra session of the new Congress, which
opens three weeks from to day. Though it
will probably be of brief duration—briefer
than any Congressional Session in the histo-ry
of the Government—its doings will be of
unprecedented importance. The Represen-tatives
of the States and of the people will be
called upon to provide the means for crush-ing
a rebellion which if not crushed, would
overwhelm the Republic in ruin. They
must first authorize the raising cf the
rcquiste military force. By the Constitution
it is made the exclusive province of Congress
"to raise and support armies," as also 4,to
provide for organizing, arming and disciplin-ing
the militia, and for governing such part
oi them, as may bo employed in the service
of tho United States." Public necessity—
the very preservation, in fact, of the govern-ment—
required the executive to anticipate
the action of the legislative department, in
some measure. The President, in fidelity to
bis oath to "preserve, protect and defend the
Constitution of tho United States," and in
the absence of Congress, a considerable por-tion
of which yet remaining to be elected,
was obliged to take the gravest responsibili-ty,
and exercise power which properly be-longs
to Congress alone. The friends of the
Constitution universally recognized the over-ruling
necessity, and subsequent develop-ment
bavo most conclusively demonstrated
it. It will be for Congress to sanction and
ratify all that has been done, and to supply
yet larger means. Military levies must be
authorized beyond any requisition that has
yet been made. Tho President should be
clothed with power to summon to the field
half a million of men, if necessary. The navy
too, must be largely increased. The effectual
blockading of tho rebel coasts and the protec-tion
of our commerce from privateers, require
a multiplication of the smaller classes of requir
of war—tho class in which our navy hitherto
has been particularly deficient. Provision
must be made for a large fleet of sloop-of-war
steam cutters and gunboats, adapted for op-erations
in rivers as well as in schoal water
on tho coasts. Steam batteries and iron-pla-ted
vessels on the Napoleon plan, should also
be provided for. The Secretary of the Navy
will doubtless, be prepared with full and
most specific recommendations ; and there is
not a doubt that Congross will bo ready with
the most liberal response. Tho people, who
are offering their best blood without stint,
are determined that the Executive shall not
lack in material means; and their represen-tatives
will vote them, in the fullest measure,
without hesitation.
Tho most difficult matter of the session
will be to settle the mode of raising the vast
sums necessary for tho complete overthrow
of the rebellion. At the lowest estimate one
hundred and fifty millions will be needed for
this purpose. The money must be had ; how
is it to bo obtained ? Tho present tariff
will do very littlo toward it—probably, at
best, will not yield thirty-fivo millions; and
no tariff that can bo devised on the strictcts
revenue principle, with the most to be ob-tained
from tea coffee, and all articles now on
the free list, would yield more than fifty mil-lions
in tho present state of trade—not
enough to cover the ordinary expenses of
Government, far less to meet matuiing liabil-ities.
The Government then must either use
its creditor resort to direct taxation. Direct
taxation was the method adopted by England
at the commencement of the Crimean war.—
The income tax was doubled. Th eidea of tho
Chancellor of the Exchequer then was that
the war should be maintained and carried out
without any augmentation of tho national
debt, and it was, to a large extent, realized.
Tho United Stales, however, cannot accom-plish
this with tho same facility. Direet tax-ation
for federal purposes would bo a new
thing to our people, and its novelty would
make it all the more unpopular. Neither is
the country in tho prosperous condition that
England was; directly the revorsc. And
again, the collection of the direct tax would
be impracticable in the "Seceded States"' un- j
til after the war was closed, while it is dur-ing
the war that the money is needed.—
Those States, too, will bo so impoverished and
exhausted when the war ends that it would
be quite impossible for them to meet a hea-i
vy direct tax. The federal government can-not,
then, hope to supply its immediato ne-cessities
from any such source. Its only ro-
' sort is to make the best of its credit. And,
\ as treasury notes cannot be issued beyond
i certain limits without very injurious depreci-
1 ation, an immense public loan would seem to
| be an absolute necessity. Congress may as
well make up its mind at once for a funded
debt such as the country never yet saw. But
this ought not really to excite any very deep
concern. At the time of the first call for
troops, the government owed about one hun-dred
millions. Allowing two hundred mil
lions for tho expense of putting down the re-bellion—
which a is very large estimate—and
fifty millions to cover all peace deficits, we
shall have a national debt of $350,000,000.—
The heaviest debt tho United State has cvor
yet seen was in 1816, when it owed ouo hun-dred
and twenty-seven millions—a little over
a third as much. But tho available resource
of the country, it is safe to say, are ten times
greater now than they wore in 1816. They are
forty or fifty times greater than they were in
1789, when tho Government went into oper-ation
with a debt of over seventy millions.—
Even if the debt should go up to the figure
we have given, it would be absurd to imagine
that it would weigh down our prosperity.—
The debt of England is nearly twelve times
a3 large, of Fiance more than four times as
large, of Russia nearly three times aa large,
of Spain nearly twice as large, and even of
little Netherlands nearly twice as large. To
balance the new national debt for a moment
against the interests which will be Favcd
through it would be simple fatuity.
Congress will do its work in this direction,
and in every other promptly and with and mis-giving.
Extended debate would both em-barrass
the public and distract tho public
mind; and tho sesson will be tree from it.—
Every true man feels this is the time for ac-tion,
not talk ; and even our loquacious Con-gressmen,
hard as it may be, will have the
grace, to govern themselves accordingly."
Letter from Gor. Plrkens.
The following letter received yesterday,
says the New York News of the 28th of
May, from Gov. Pickens, of South Carolina,
by a gentleman in this city, is worthy of per-sual:
I recoived yours in relation to the state of
feeling against us in New York. I deeply
regret it, as it can end in no good to either
section if indulged in. But for the want of
manliness and truthfulness in those who
have managed tho Government at Washing-ton,
there never would have been any war.—
Now the question to be decided with you
soon will be whether you will have a milita-ry
despotism or peace. It is strange that,
among separate and independent States, in
a country where wo have all been educated
to the doctrines that all legitimate govern-ment
rests upon tho free consent of the gov-erned,
there should bo such madness and
folly. Now, if tho North were to succeed in
their wild scheme of the subjugation of the
Southern States, would this be liberty, or es-tablish
the blessing of a free Government?
Surely the intelligent and vinous portion
of the North can nover seriously approve of
such a course.
I think Mr. Van Buren never uttered a wi-ser
sentiment than whon he eaid ho always
had faith in tho sober second thought of tho
people.
I trust that a merciful Providence will yet
guide and direct us all in the paths of wis-dom
and patriotism, so as to bring order out
of confusion, and yet bless a people who have
been spoiled by prosperity, and corrupted by
pride and luxury. Very respectfully,
F. W. PICKENS.
The Harper's Ferry Movement.—The Rich-mond
Dispatch has the following important
remarks in reference to the evacuation of
Harper's Ferry:
"We have learned some facts in connection
with movements at Harper's Ferry which
satisfy us that the operation of the Confeder-ate
troops in that direction is controlled by
the wisest military councils, and that the im-becile
Lieutenant General at Washington
will soon find that he has more than his match
in the younger and better soldiers who lead
the arms of the Southern Republic."
"^^ otice*—TakeD up and entered on my Stray-
J3I Book, according to law, by Mary Coltrane, liv-ing
twelve miles south of Greeiifeborough, a certain
strayed MULE—a dark-brown, twelve years old, with
marks of harness, and valued'at $60. •
i32-3t* WM. KIRKMAN. Ranger.
XJotlce.—All persons who have joined the "Guil-i_
N lord Beauregards," or those who expect to join
them, are rcepectlully requested to meet at the Court-
House, on Saturday the 22nd of June.
Battle o* klethel thurrh.
OFFICIAL REPORT.
HON. J. W, ELLIS, Governor of North Carolina:
SIR: I have tho honor to report that in
obedience to orders from the Colonel comman-ding,
I marched on tho Gth inst., with my
regiment and four pieces of Maj. Randolph's
battery from Yorktown, on the Hampton
Road, to Bethel Church, 0 miles from Hamp-ton.
We reached there after dark, on a wet
night, and slept without tents. Early on tho
morning of the 7th, 1 made a reconnoisanceof
the ground preparatory to fortifying. I found
a branch of Biack River in front and encir-cling
our right flank. On our left was a
dense and almost impassable wood, except
about 150 yards of old field. Tho breadth of
the road, a thick wood, and a narrow culti-vated
field, covered our rear. Tho nature of
the ground determined me to make an en-closed
work, and I had the invaluable aid of
Lt. Col, Lee, of my regiment, in its plan and
construction. Our position bad the inheront
defence of being commanded by an immense
field immediately in front of it, upon which
the masses of the enemy might become rea-dily
deployed. Presuming an attempt would
be mado to carry the bridge across the stream,
a battery was made for its especial protec-tion,
and Maj. Randolph placed his guns so
as to sweep all approaches to it... The occu-pation
of two commanding eminences be-yond
tho creek and on our right, would have
greatly strengthened our position, but our
force was toe weak to admit of the occapa
tion of more than one of them. A battery
was laid out on it for one of Randolph's How-itzers.
Wo had only 25 spades, 6 axes and
8 picks, but these were busily plied all day
and night of the 7th, and all day on the 8th.
On the afternoon of the 8th 1 learned that a
marauding party of the enemy was in a few
miles of us. I called for a party of 34 men
to drive them back. Lieut. Roberta of F
company of my regiment, promptly respon-ded,
and in five minutes his command was
on route. 1 detached Maj. Randolph with
one howitzer to join him, and Lt. Col. Lee,
7st regiment N. C. Volunteers, requested
and was granted permission to take command
of the whole. After a march of five mJlcs
they came across tho marauders busy over
the spoil of a plundered house. A shell soon
put the plunderers to flight, and they were
chased over New Market Bridge, where our
little force was halted in consequence of the
prosence of a considerable body stationed on
tho other sjde. Lt. Col. Lee brought in one
prisoner. How many of the enemy were
killed and wounded is not known. None of
our command was hurt. Soon after Lt. Ool.
Lee left, a citizen came dashing in with the
information that 75 marauders wero on the
Back River road. I called for Capt. Mc-
Dowell's company B of the 1st regiment of
N. C. Volunteers, and in three minutes it was
in, hot pursuit. Lieut. West of the howitzer
battallion, with one pioce, was detatched to
join them, and Maj. Bane, of my regiment,
volunteered to assume command of the whole.
After a weary march, they encountered, dis-persed
and chased the wretches over New
Maaket bridge—this being the second race
on the same dayover the New Market course,
in both of which the Yankees reached the
goal first. Maj. Lane brought in one priso-ner.
Reliable citizens reported that two
cart loads and one buggy load of wounded
wero brought into Hampton. We had not a
single man killed or wounded. Col. Magru-der
came up that evening and assumed com-mand.
On Sunday the 8th, a fresh supply of tools
enabled us to put more men to work, and
when not engaged in religious duties the
men wot ked vigorously on the entrench-ments.
Wc were aroused at 3 o'clock on
M/.nday morning for a general advance upon
the enemy, and marched 3} miles, whon are
learned that tho (OP in large force was with-in
a hundred yards of us. We fell back has-tily
upon our entrenchments and awaited
the arrival of our invaders. lit. OcL Stew-art
ot the 3d Ya. Regiment having joined us
with some 180 men, was stationed on tho hill
on the extreme right beyond the creek, and
company G. of my regiment was also thrown
over the stream to protect the Howitzer un-der
Captain Brown. Capt. Bndgers of com-pany
A lnt N. C. regiment took post in tho
dense wood beyond and to the left of the
bridge. Maj »r .Montague, with three com-panies
of his hattalion, was ordered up from
tne rear and took post on the right, begin-ing
at tho church arid extending along the
entire front on that side. This fine r»o-dy
of men. and the gallant command of Lt
Col. Stewart, worked with great rapidi.y,
and in an hour had constructed temporal y
shelters against the enemy's fire. Just at 9