The Greensborough patriot [February 24, 1860]

              m \
liM nmtwwujfr fEtral
BV SIIEKWOOD & LONG.
VOL. XXL
H jpamili? Xrtospapcr-—Srbotrti to Hitcrature, Agriculture, fttamifacturrs, OTommcrcc, anti itttsccllanrous Hcaoing.
GKEENSBOEOUaH, 1ST. C, FEBRUAEY 24=, I860.
TERMS—$2.00 IN ADVANCE.
NO. 1075.
J
BUSINESS CARDS.
C. HEDCiECOtR, A'
, Lexington, K C. Feb. 1«,
ATTORNKY AT LAW,
1858. 'J72 tf.
v»*lE«i A. LOXG, ATTORNEY AT LAW,
I*-™1, GBEEN8BOROUOH, N. C.
G-. L. MEENLEY,
LEXINGTON, N. C
v»R. A. A. HILL,
liroB"TII & ITLEf, COMMISSION AND
\\ forwarding Merchants, Fayelteville, N. C.
. »l|.->» E. THOM having turned his attention
I^JeOOSE AND SIGN PAINTING, respectfully
.i;,.;.. the public, patronage.
" „.;,,. ough, October, 1859. 57 tf
O. IIIIOKK]!.
P
Cr- 0
CD
(LMV
r IL-HiT' J- *• K"AK1'- u- m"1*-*-"- • ^
FHtlEB. FOARD & HOOKER, lMI'OR- K
.. .,,.1 wholesale GROCERS, (except liquors)! *
»j*nl*PRODUCE, and GENERAL COMMISSION
VtR« IHNTS, NEWBERN, S. • . jan 10-09 3m. June ln ltl59.
- n UIERS, Commission Mi-reliant, mj j. >IOOKI', Formerly of Stokes county N.
\ OLD COtrSIT WHARF. _ _ 1YI . C , with M KAKLAN I), T ATM AN & CO., Ini-
4d ly
Xenbern, X. C,
•• »,e prompt attention to all business entrusted to
"** December 16, 1869. lypd
porters ami wholesale dealers in FOREIGN and DO-MESTIC
DRV GOODS, No. -JIT Market Street and 234
Church Alley, between Second and Third Streets,
....... r. i .VIPCTMVVV J. 15. M'Farland, i PHILADELPHIA. { » Berghauser,
J- >- . ( II ;.BS. COFFIN > COBLE, JAM .MOWN ,_ p ^^ ; JMl20-6n. J R C Oldbam
II .% r. have associated themselves together for the *__ *
frLo* of'PRACTK'lNG MEDICINE in all its various •m»ra|C|1CN an(| Jewelry.—Having located In
J^nche*. Special attention given to SURGERY. Of-. fT Leakwille, N. C, I respectfully offer to the pub-
f".e* e a.t KV. BIt- Dllpepnoott.. FFeebb.. 118855'9.'.. 24 tf. i lir crimpi-alK- a well .ii.luelnd xlnek nf fine f'lll.t) >\!1
« JAMES K. HALE, HAVING REMOVED
[oflreensborough, N. ('., offers his Professional
, .'. ,V the public. Office on West Market Street,
Lttabouse recently occupied as a residence by Hon.
1 ka.\ Gtoer. February, 1858. 978 tt
i4» (OPARTSEBSIIIP.--J
j ii f. CALDWBU, Grccnsborough, N.
... -'.:■ ;themselves in the practice of the
,*-.-. fGuilford county, will promptly »••»•■
;..:.,-.,-iitmsted to their care. Jan. 1858.
fOIIV W. PAYNE,
■l,..v.ne loca
lie generally selected stock of GOLD AND
SILVER WATCHES, with a large assortment oi
DBto.fJlr*e-e"ns*b'o*ro■u»g•h,■?V.'*.V.,* J*of^fe"rs" h\"is"n1'"rort'e"s-s.ionali FASHIONABLE JEWELRY. Those wishing to pur- ( „ . mc as am
. ,i._ nnM>M (»ffi«o An Woct Market Street. , , , - , t • , ,
dent that lean please in both, article and price.
Jtay Watches, Clocks and Jewelrv carefullv repaired
and warranted. (timjan20) BENTON J. FIELD.
. A. LONG &
C, having
law, in the
■ « :•. tUford attend to all for DURABILITY and BEAUTY are taken in Lockets,
Pins and Cases, to suit the tastes and purses of all.—
Having permanently located in Greens-borough, they
confidently expect a liberal patronage.
££&" Call and examine Specimens, and learn the
Prices. Rooms formerly occupied by A. Starrett, sec-ond
story of Garrett'a brick building. Wist Market St ,
Greensborough, N. C. Sept., 1859. 53 tf
SHKRWOOD. JAMK8 A. LONG.
SHERWOOD & LONG,
EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS.
TERMS: -S'i.OO A YEAR, IN ADVANCE.
RatCH of Advertising*
ONE dollar per square for the first week, and twenty-five
cents fer every week thereafter. TWELVE LINES OK
LESS making a square. Deductions made in favor of
standing matter as follows :
3 MONTHS. 6 MONTHS. 1 TEAR
One square S3 50 $5 50 $8 00
Two squares ".. 7 00 10 00 14 00
Three " 10 00 15 00 20 00
LETTER PROM MR. RIVES.
The subjoined letter, addressed by Mr.
Hives to a friend, on the important public
questions oi the day, has been handed to us
for publication, and we take pleasure in lay-ing
it before our readers:
CASTLE IIII.I., 27th Jan. 18G0.
Jlv DEAB SIR :—You ask me for my opin-ions
as to the Irno character ot the present
cris'S in the condition of the country, the cir-cumstances
which have produced or aggra-vated
it, and the line of conduct it becomes
Icry is now opened,and Cameotypes,Melaino- | ns ol Virginia to pursue, with reference to
types, and AMBK<ITVPES. which cannot be surpassed
\\r (.IHI\M:I.I/S PlMtograpMcCUU- I
•I having permanently located in Greensborougt
i » Uitend the Courts of Randolph Davidson and
i 11 -Land prompllv attend to the collection of a
-tamgrbK(H,in his hands. Jan. 9, 1867. '.'1 •> "
N.
ml
fall
l.R.W. P. PVCII 's PERMANENTLY SET-
\) tied in HIGH POINT, S C, where he will Live
fc,undivided attention to the duties of his profession.
jijecial attention given to Obstetrics ami the Diseases
: RTomen and Children. July. 1869.
s.
18tf
•i|4.Vs& IIARDEE, PRODUCE COMMIS-Jl
-• n Merchants. 1'etersburp, * a.
fy Liberal CASH advances made upon consign-
MBta, when desired. Sept. 28,1859. 646m
ir H 1LLM •'■ "■ CI.ARK.
4 LLKV kCLlRK. COMMISSION MEH-A
CHANTS,Wllml»St»«,M.C. Prompt per-sonal
attention giv.i, to consignments of Nival stores,
Cotton or other Country Produce, for sale or shipment.
Dealers in Lime. Plaster, Cement. Hair, &c.
January 20, 1869. ly
Al». 8PERRY, of .\orth Carolina,
. With VVM GRAYDON ^ CO.,
Importers and Jobber of Ory f.OOdM, M PARK
PLACE, and 41 BARCLAY STREET.
— YorU.^;.1^ las Graydon. )
Nwrpber, 185R.
Xew
tf
; m liiiWI-ANl). I W. D. RKVNiil.ns. I J. II. ROWLAND.
ROWLAXD & REYWOED8, SUCCESSORS
to Anderson & Reynolds, Grocers and I ommisaion
Merchants, NORFOLK, Va. J6gr Pay partiouUur at-tention
to the sale oi* Flour, Grain, Tobacco, etc.. avoid-ing
unnecessary charges, and rendering prompt re-tarns.
December, 1867. 068 tf
I.iALL FASUIOMS—Slrn. Sarah 4dams
will open on Saturday the 8th instant, her large
t "s •.' Ht.iiiM Is. ItihlMMis. Fir went, Ru-rbeN,
Kf., which for cheapness ami beauty, shall
Hot he #urti»<sed in this or any other market.
BurnettmmFIFTY CENTS toTWENTY DOLLARS.
OwaeracalL October 4, 1869 60tf
1
IE\I\<iTO\ JEW EERY STORE.—
i Ihe subscriber has on hand the fine GOLD LE-VER
WATCHES mannfactured by Johnson of Liver-
MsLand Dixon of London. Also, the Silver Lever
U '".« and common Virpe Watch, with a variety OI
•'-'iFXRY ol all descriptions. All of which will be
* liewforc ish. Watchesof all descriptions repaired-
;tf GKOIIOK RILKY.
tm m. m OTT. WILL. I.. BCOTT.
L-COTT & SCOTT, ATTORNEYS AND CODN-f*
eelloTs at Law, - - GREENSBOROUGH, N. C,
Win attend the Courts of Gnilford, Alamance, Ran-
Wph, Davidson, Porsythand Rockinpham All claims
ntrosted to them for collection, will receive prompt
MTentioa. Office on North Street, fourth door from
Liadsay's comer.
RJ.MI:M>I:MI*I.I>. LAND AGENT, WILL
• select and enter Government Land. Locate Land
"unata, make investments for capitalists at Western
Mta, Bay taxes, and transact a general real estate bu-
■•:.—•. iu Minnesota, Iowa and Wisconsin. Address,
BianeapoGs, Minnesota.
Btference:—Hon. J. M. Morchead. George C. Men-i--.:...'..
i'. • Walter Gwynn and Hon John A. (iilmer.
X*| io. 1856. 888 tf
Sttt'L, ii. THOMAS has removed his HAR-NESS
SHOP to the rooms recent'y occupied by
F-M.UU.KI!-. Esq., two doors North of LINDSAY'S
tare,and immediately opposite the New1 unit House,
wlinefae will be pleased to receive calls from hi- old
fc&dsand the public generally. It is his intention
tekeep constantly on hand a GOOD ASSORTMENT
Ht:iM>S. and other articles in I] s line, which
!'».... r ■ iscd to sell on reasonable terms.
January 20, 1869. >'.»tf
JAMES >I. EDHET. 141 * haiiU»«-r»-.«*l.
Ne* fork, bays every kind of Merchandise on the
he*terms, and forwards for -1 per cent, commission.
Dealer iu Pianos, Parlor Organs, Organ Melodeons,
•■■ iodeons, ll trpB, Gaitara, Stools, Covers, Music, etc,
*--'.oale and retail. All Instruments warranted.
'■■•'. for "Lindsay's Patent Pump," Garden Kn-fine,
etc. Circulars ol Instruments and Pumps sent
free, i.ti application. Refers to John A. Gilmer, ('. V
Mendenhall, U. L. Swain, and others. 950
LMLC. 18ft8! Ilamillon x Brahai,
*- IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS.
Are now prepared to oiler on the tno-t fai orable terms.
••WHOLESALE BUYERS, a large stock of For-
*lKn and l>unie«lir l>ry Woods, selected
*|th treat care for the Fall & Winter Trade.
•' ■ † †lor variety, beauty, and its adaptation to :he
XORTH CAROLINA.
VIRGINIA. AND
TENNESSEE TRADE.
will be found second to none. Buyers from all sections
' - - ■ ited to a close and rigid examinatioi of our Stock,
;• ■'•- fee. No. 60 SYCAMORE STREET,
Beptembei 10. Petersburg Va.
A. PLUHNER, IMPORTER AND DEAL- I
er in In >i-.(i and American
HARDWARE,
SADDLERY HARDWARE. AND
CAKlilACri: MATERIALS,
No. 10 Bollingbrook Street.
(SIGH Or THE KEY)
.Nh.XT DOOK TO LIBRARY HALL,
PETERSBURG, 14.
teg-ALL GOODS SOLD AT NEW YORK PRICES.
Jnne 1. ls-">9. 38 lypd
OTTO IBI 'i»:it, J K W CLLER A V O
WATCH-MAKER, Wesl Market. GBEESSHOBO'
N. C . has on hand and is receiving a splendid and wen
selected slock of fine and fashionable Jewelry of every
description, among which may be found several magni-ficient
sets of coral Jewelry.
He lias also a stock of tine Gold and Silver Watches.
All repairing done in the BEST MANNER and war-ranted.
All persons purchasing Jewelry, would do well
to call on him before purchasing elsewhere, as he is
confident that he can sell as good bargains as can be
bought in this market.
August 1st. 1868. 99b' tf.
| <RO«KK & ItAKKR'S SI.»VI\Ci MA-VH
CHINES—The attention of Housekeepers Seam-stresses.
Dress-makers and Tailors, is invited to the
unrivalled excellence of Ul'Oier ii. Baker's
Sewing Machines They are simple in construction
efficient and durable in operation, beautiful in model
and finish, and applicable alike to families or mauufac-turi
8.
The company feel confident that their Machines are
the best ever offered to the public, and refer for confir-mation
of this opinion to the thousands of families who
have used them. Price from $60 to $126.
J. R. i J. SLOAN, Agents.
September 28, 1858 3 tf
IkiUl.s AND HEDII IXES!
PORTER & GORRELL,
(SCCCESSOBS TO T. I. PATRICK.)
Wholesale and Kelail Di-Mii-risl-.
Are prepared to execute orders tor Drugs and Medicines,
and all articles pertaining to the Drug Business, with
neatness, accuracy and dispatch. With large and im-proved
arrangements for business, and with a very
larije stock on hand, which has been selected with unu-sual
care, we feel satisfied that we can offer inducements
to physicians and others who may give us a call.
Physicians WOO buy from us can rely on having their
on ers filled with pure and reliable Drugs. Special at-tention
will be sncii £o orders. April 15.
J. r. HOWLETT.
W. HOWEETT & SON, DENTISTS, Re-spectfully
offer their professional services to the
and all others who may de-ll
their teeth in the most
J. W. BOWLETT, !». citizens oi Grecnsborougl
sire operations performed
approved, modern and scientific manner. They are
amply qualified to perform all and every operation per-taining
in any way to Dental Surgery, unsurpassed for
ability or beauty.
The Senior of the firm has in his possession Diplomas
Iroui the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, Ameri-an
Society of Dental Surgeons, and Dr. S. S. Fitch of
Philadelphia, and has been in the regular practice ot
the profession for over twenty years.
They have furnished their Operating rooms on West
Street" I wo doors above the BK1TTA1N IIOFSE, in a
handsome and comfortable manner for the reception of
Ladies, where one of the firm may always be found.—
Ladies will be wailed on at their residences if desired.
June 28, is:>ii. 837
excitements of the country, and like the same
moral elements elsewhere, are constitution-ally
and proverbially slow to act, began at
length to be as much startled at the develop-ments
that were taking place around them,
as the people of the Southern States them-selves
had been. The great communities of
Philadelphia, Boston, and New York, in the
order in which I name them, held solemn and
overflowing assemblages, such as have not
been witnessed before by the present genera-tion.
in which they denounced, in terms ofjust
and unmitigated abhorrence, the crime com-mitted
against the safety of a sister State and
the peace of the Union ; rebuked its apolo-gists
and sympathisers with a noble and vir-tuous
indignation; tendered earnest assur-ances
of fraternity and support to the people
and authorities of Virginia; and proclaimed,
in loyal and manly language, their fidelity
to the Constitution, and their determination
to fulfil each and all of its obligations and
pledges.
An uninterrupted succession of similar
meetings has continued lo be held since at
various points in the interior of the North-ern
States, at which the same sentiments of
horror and indignation at the unnatral and
treasonable crime committed,of fraternal at-tachment
to the other States, and of loyalty
to the constitution and its covenants, are re-iterated,
if possible, with oven an intensor
fervor—showing that the nearer wo approach
to the great central heart of the nation, the
stronger are the pulsations for the mainten-ance
of the L'nion, in the spirit of mutual
confidence and affection in which it was
founded by our fathers*
These moro recent manifestations, I cannot
but believe, should be taken as the true ex-pression
of the sense of a large majority of
our fellow-citizens of the Northern States.—
Why should it not be BO? Those States
have a deep stake in the peace and harmony
ol the Union. Their industry, their trade,
their manufactures, their navigation are foe
lered by an unshackled intercourse with the
South, and thrive by the abundant and in-creasing
productions of the latter. It is, too,
the common government of the Union which
ensures to their principal branches of enter-prise
and employments of capital, the protec-tion
and encouragement they need, and by
which they have grown up to their present
immense development.
With a sensible and sagacious people, as
they arc, neither the delusions of a morbid
fanaticism nor the arts of political ambition
can long produce a state of blindness to their
true interests and their plighted obligations.
They may bo led away, tor a time, by facti-tious
excitements ; bat when those excite-ments
havo run their brief course, tilth a
people can never bo brought to believe, in so-ber
earnest, that there is an "irrepressible
conflict" between two systems ot labor,
which have, for so extended a period, been
tributary to each other's wants and minister-ed
to prosperity. Nor can such
North and the South. With re-1 a people be drilled into the absurd hallucina-latter,
the developments of opin-1 (.ion of supposing that their preferred social
institutions at home, resting under the invio-lable
shield of their own sovereign choieo,
arc in any danger of subversion by a domes-tic
institution of another part of the confed-eracy,
essentially quiescent and non aggres-sive,
and asking for itself only immunity
from the unlawful interference of others.
It is obvious that a re action has already
commenced in the public mind of tlio North,
with regard to that delicate social question
which has, of late, been so wantonly used by
politicians as the instrument of sectional ag-itation
and strife. The people thero must
now sec the natural fruits of this agitation,
in the bloody and revolting tragedy at Har-per's
Ferry ; in the growing and dangerous
dissensions between the two great divisions
of the confederacy; and in the inevitable
tendency of those dissensions, if longer con-tinued,
to undermine the foundations of the
Union itself. They will not, therefore, de-liberately
make themselves accessory, before
or after the fact, to a courso of action fraught
with ruin to their own interests, as well as
the overthrow of all those generous hopes
bound up with tho great American experi-ment
of free Republican institutions.
Let us await with dignity and coolness,
then, the progress of events. Let us not
check by unseemly violence, by denuncia-tions
of secession and disunion, the steady
advance of that salutary re-action which is
pale of the constitutional authority of the
States. Wise and proper at all times, the
crisis demands then DOJT.
It remains for us to consider how the ques-tion,
whic'i has produced these fatal divisions
in the o. nitty, should bo dealt with upon
the national torn to. All must see that or
ganized sectional parties, founded upon a
question \ so sensitive as this in all its rela-tions,
ara a standing menace to tho Union.
They hang over the country like dark and
the wise and proper remedy for existing
evils, she ought in candor to say so. And if
such is her opinion, why should her repre-sentatives
make her a party to a sectional
convention proposed primarily and avowedly
with a view to secession as tho true and only
practical remedv ?
To my mind, thero are two obvious and
conclusive objections againnt the acceptance
of the invitation. Tho first is that, upon an
issue of so vital a character as that in con-angry
clouds, which threaten, by their out-1 templation, the people of Virginia should be
T^nu itan*.
ARCH STREET ABOVE THIRD,
Philadelphia.
Terms—$1.50 per day.
- 1 KEEP CONSTANTLY ON
ip, two ini!es Noiih of James-
RULE «;i vs.
i. at my si
"'•». a supply of Superior Itillc (iuns, which
*ill he sold at reasonable prices. As an evidence ot
T skill, and the excellence of my work. I will men-t'uathat
one of my RIFLES TOOK THE PREMIUM
:;' ' 31 lie f'.iir a"? Raleigh last week. My address is
Jamestown, GoUford county, N. C. A. LAMB
N-_ R.—Persons sending orders by mail, should he
I»avtiou!ar in the direction of their tellers, to avoid con-tusion
or mistakes. A. L.
"•- ibei 28, 1859. ly
N>1. MARTIN, IIIIO. A CO., GROCERS
% AND COMMISSION MERCHANTS, No 18»,
The undersigned having purchased the interest of
his former partner, Mr. Evans, in the above MOTEL,
would call the attention of the public to its convenien-ces
for those visiting Philadelphia eiihei for business
or pleasure
Its situation being but a few steps from the principal
avenues of trade. onVrs inducements to those on busi-ness;
while to those in search of pleasure, the con-stantly
passing and repfSing rail way cars and those
in close proximity, aiioid A pleasant rule for the mere
nominal sun of half dime to all places ol" interest in
or aboul the city.
The Proprietor gives assurance that The l'nion
shall be kept with such character as will meet public
approbation, and would respectfully solicit NORTH
CAROLINA PATRONAGE.
UPTON S. NEWCOMER,
Proprietor
Angnst 18. 1859. 4!My
\ | IlX-WRICillTIXU &, MACHINERY
" THOS.C. HAM. Keniersvillc, IV. C,
j Would respectfully announce to the public that he is
prepared to put up all kinds ol Mill-Work tllltl
kiiiilrcri Machinery on the most APPROVED
PLANS, with neatness, durability, and dispatch.—
! Having had several years experience in the business,
! he feels coiihdeiit of being able to give entire satisfac-
, tion to all who may favor him with their patronage.
He would further say that he is AGENT for the
I sale ol" all kinds of Mill-Building .Materials, sacfa as
French Burr, Cologne. E^opus,
and Cocalico Mill Stone
our own safety and interest, as well as to
our duties as a member of the confederacy.
Well knowing how little weight these opin-ions
are entitled to, I, nevertheless, give them
to you without reserve.
I am not one of those who think it either
a safe or rational way of meeting the dan-gers
of the State, an}" more than other dan-gers,
to underrate and make light of them.
A great and resolute statesman* has told ns,
that "an early and provident fear"—(not an
tin pre pined and flurried consternation, when
the danger is upon us,) "is the mother ol
safety." Let us, then, without exaggeration
on tlie one hand or extenuation on the other,
endeavor to take the true measure of recent
occurrences.
The affair at Harper's Ferry, wicked as it
was in its conception and atrocious in its de-signs,
as well as savage and revolting in the
■ †• * a • t means provided tor its execution, cannot be
adequately judged in an isolated point of
view, ll bad both its antecedents and its
consequents. In regard to the former, it
seemed but the logical acting out of the bit-ter
denunciations which, for years past, havo
been systematically indulged against tho do-mestic
institutions ot the South—a prelimi-nary
rehearsal of that universal and "irre-pressible
conflict," proclaimed to exist, in
the nature of things, between the social sys- e(j i0 each other's prosperity
terns of the
sped to the
iuii and feeling, which immediately followed
the bloody inroad, were far more startlin
than the tierce denunciations which prepared
the way lor it.
It was certainly not unreasonable to ex-pect,
when a crime ot the deepest atrocity
had been committed against the peace antl
safety ol a sister .State of the confederacy,
marked by every circumstance of cold-blood-ed
treachery, and leading, in its consequen-ces,
to unmentionable horrors, that but one
voice of indignant reprobation would havo
been heard through the land. But, instead
of that, meetings, more or less numerous,
were held in several of the States, in which,
if the crime was not openly approved, the
criminal was applauded and sympathized
with; and a portion of the political press, or-dinarily
representing largo masses of public
opinion, joined in the unnatural apotheosis,
proclaiming not only the supernal honors,
but the impunity of the offender.
Hardly had these first demonstrations of
popular meetings anil the Press, in which
halted and denunciations of the South were
largely mingled with laudations ot tho can-onized
hero of insurrection, conic to a pause,
when an incendiary pamphlet, abounding in
virtual incitements lo civil as well as servile
war in the Southern States, was brought to
light, and found to have been clothed with a
recommendation and subscription for its cir-culation,
signed by sixty-eight members, act-ual
or recent, of Congress. That body soon
alter assembled at Washington; and the first
act ol its most numerous political party in
one branch, wanting only a few votes of a
majority of the whole House, was the delib-erate
selection of one of tho signers of the
above mentioned recommendation, for its
standard-bearer and candidate for the Chair.
To this nomination they have inflexibly ad-hered
through a protracted and hitherto
fruitless struggle of eight week's, without ov-er
having si,own, so far as the public is in- viS"kcd~ It is one of tho characteristic ad
formed, the slightest disposition to relent or vanla,P(,g 0f the federative system under
burst, tc carry devastation to the face of
nature an i all the bounties of providence.—
"What," Mr. Maduou.askedat the era of the
Missouri t estrictioo, "is to control these great
repulsive masses from awful shocks against
each Other," which may shake the Union to
its centre, if not rend the Government in
twain? Should such a party, founded on
anti-socifli; sectional principles and sustained
by exclusive sectional affiliations, ever ob-tain
possession of tho Government by means
of a domoant, geographical majority, it will
be tho severest and most hazardous trial
through which our institutions havo ever
passed, or could, by possibility, pass. N<>
good or tvise man should be willing lo see
them put to such a test.
It is of the highest importance, therefore,
that tho question of slavery should be taken
entirely out of the arena of national politics.
It is, in itself, essentially a local and domes-tic
question. There is but a single case in
which the Constitution designed that it
should be the subject of Congressional action,
and that is to provide the mode by which
the surren-der
of fugitives is to bo enforced. With res
pect to that, Congress has already performed
its duty, and is so far funetus ojficio.
In all other eases, and especially as to tho
status of slavery in the common territories of
the Union, the questions concerning it are
legal questions, involving the application
and construction of the laws and Constitu-tion
of the country, and, or, such, are the
proper subjects ot" judicial cognizance. In
tho hands of tho judiciary, then, let these
questions rest; and every good citizen should
rejoice that a peaceful and enlightened um-pirage,
elevated1 by its high character and
the independence of its official tenure above
the region of party passion and temporary
excitements, has been provided by the Con-stitution
for tho decision of questions at onco
so delicate and so intricate. There then re-mains
no other p actical question, with re-gard
to slavery, but the action of the territo
rial communities upon it when forming their
Constitutions and asking to be admitted as
sovereign States into tho Union ; and ir. re-lation
to that, there is now a general agree-ment
of all fair minds that the groat princi-no
of
nt
JS-
>r.
now doing its office with large masses of the
sober-minded and patriotic peoplo of the
North, and which, there is ground to hope,
will 'ere long, by the regular and peaceful
action of the ballot-box, redress the griefs of
which we have a right to complain. I
mean time, there are resources
tection and defence which the w
our government has left within the control of
the States, and which no reasonable mind can
I blame us lor recurring to, after the warnings,
| ovort and implicit, with which wc ha\
lelt perfectly free and uncommitted to decide
for themselves, as it is their sovereign and
exclusive right to do,—when the solemn cri-sis,
demanding their decision and their ac-tion,
shall arrive. The other is, that the ex-pedient
of this convention, whilo likely to
lead to no satisfactory result, and certain
not to receive the concurrence of several of
the slave-holding States with which Virginia,
by juxta-position and community of interest,
is most intimately connected, would yet
serve to distract our attention, and prevent
tho concentration of our efforts on other
measures of both a more legitimate and a
more efficient character.
There are other views of this subjoet which
deserve to be most maturely pondered.—
Suppose it to be decreed that, owing to the
unhappy and discordant passions of men—
certainly by no necessary operation of tho
system itself—this glorious union of confed-erate
States, is to be broken up; what is to
be the new order of things that will, proba-bly
arise from its ruins J Speculations upon
the dissolution of the Union are no novelty
in ear political history. They were indulged
before, as well as since, tho adoption of the
present Federal Constitution. It has been
hitherto supposed, with rare exceptions until
recently, that, should the catastrophe of a
a dissolution ever occur, three confederacies,
■A leas;, would have to be constructed out of
the shattered fragments.
As late as 1844. a distinguished Senator of
South Carolina, Mr. McDutiic, on the floor of
the Senate, presented a bena ideal ol tho new
system, which, in his conception, would
spring from the ashes ol the present; and
ho gave us the perspective of three grand
confederacies—a manufacturing confederacy,
to consist of the Eastern und Middle States;
a farming confederacy, of the Western ar.d
Northwestern Slates; and a planting con-federacy,
of tho Southern and Southwestern
States. In this arrangement, it is evident
that the able and eloquent Senator looked
to industrial interests as of chief potency in
controlling the permanent re-distribution of
the States into new confederacies.
Being at that time a member of tho Sen-ate,
anc! called upon to present some views
in opposition to those of the Senator of South
by
net.
ive-it
Beat
been honorab'y distinguished, in ths *!»
category of States, by the catholic iempe. their political action ; and that if a dinVrj-spirit has, sometimes, seemed to be ma ii
ted by any other of tho North-western I
der States, it is a departure from the nor lal
condition of things and must needs be t m-porary.
That the question of slavery has net he
power to over-ride all other censiderat^ns
in deciding the now affinities and relat "Mil
of the States, in the event of a dissolution
of the present Union, is farther evine
the fact that this question has two diet
aspects, in one of which it divides the nl
holding States, as much as, inthoot . •
unites them. Virginia is, by the profoun '»
sentiments of her nature, as well as ly. tin*
most sacred and honorable traditions >I;IKT
history, committed to an inflexible srdj un-compromising
opposition lo the revlvjl ot
the African Slave Trade, which, it is frail
known, has numerous and zealous advoi.ites
in several of tho Southern States. If I ■
comes us, then, when invitod lo dissolve: the
prosent Union, and enter into a sepiTrato
confederacy of Southern Slates, to i it,uire
how our associates in the new conft." irm y
would be likely to stand on this fundnu u-tal
question.
What are tho sentiments ot South ' !i r di
na and her neighbors with regard to i* '—
Kuowing only that there is a poworli I • and
apparently growing party in that M0|i
the Union in favor of the re-opening ->t tlu-
African Slave Trade, wo can but luke •rein-ing
of the unquestionable historial I'm , thai
South Carolina and Georgia, in the c Hi eii-tion
which framed the pTCMOt Federa' t'on-stilution,
made it tho express condition of
their accession to tho Union, that there•»! mid
be no prohibition of the Slave Trade !h lore
1808, and in ordor to oblain that ext; i- *ioi
of time for the traffic, they entered lolasibar.
gain with the Eastern States to surreii* rlo
a majority in Congress the unrestricte Ijmw-errol
regulating commerce; both of \ ioch
provisions were steadily and zealously i
ed by Virginia, and were the features i
new constitution tho mosl dislustciul
feelings and judgment.*
There arc other points of divergen
twocn Virginia and tho cotton BfaHl
regard to the different systems ol police-respective
situations and pursuits woi I
evitably give rise to in u separate OOO •
pics of American liberty and public law re- Carolina, for whom I ever cherished the
quire that the new States, as well as the old
shall be free to choose their domestic institu-tions
for themselves, unshackled by the
authority of Congress or any other interfer-ence
whatever.
Here, then, art plain intelligible principles
of justice, common sense, and constitutional
law, commending themselves to thejudg
ments and feelings of all men, which close
every door against the pernicious agitation
of tho slavery question in tho National coun-cils.
Let the Soiith be content to stand upon
highest respect as well as the warmest per-sonal
regard, I revolved in my mind, as
thoroughly as I was capable Of doing, the
saddening theme of a possible dissolution ol
the Union, with the new affinities and rela-tions
of the States that would he most likely
to follow such a catastrophe. The remit of
that careful consideration of the subject, in
which all subsequent reflection has more and
more confirmed me, was lhat, by whatever
line the l'nion might bo violently severed iu
the moment of an exasperating conflict on a
these principles and abstain from putting ! sectional question connected with the domes-forward
new and untenable pretensions, like
that of demanding from Congress the enact-ment
of slave-codes for the territories—a
claim of no importance with reference to any
state of things likely to arise, and serving
tic institutions of a portion of the States,
other and more operative considerations, re-sulting
from physical and commercial laws,
would and mils', decide tho ulterior rear-rangement
ot the parts into new confedera-
Ceuk and
•elaware
only to revolt tho feelings of the represent:!- cies.
lives of tho non-slaveholding States—and ; Maryland, for example, to whom Virginia
the good sense and loyalty and patriotism of j is indissolubly united, as their early history
a large majority of tho peoplo everywhere, I proves, by the interests and necessities in-in
spite of all tho efforts and arts of politi- j volvcd in the jurisdiction and use of the
cians, will rally lo the standard of reason j broad navigable waters common to both, is
and conciliation. We should thus see the j bound by similar ties, through the Chesa-
£ommon nuisence of slavery agitation, which
now disturbs the peace, and destroys the
moral and political health otlho Union, soon
abated by the spontaneous and concurrent
action of the great body of the nation.
There are but few. I trust, who would wish
disunion for disunion's sake. Look through
tho history of the world, and where shall we
see, even as the slow growth of centuries, the
samo spectacle of national power an develop-ment,
ot public and privato prosperity, the
widespread commerce, the flourishing manu-factures,
the teeming agriculture, which have
been nursed to maturity, in seventy short
years, by the quickening and vivifying in-fluences
of the American Uiiicn—installing,
among the powers of the earth, a new and
vigorous nation which already, in its early
youth, makes the name of an American as
• ."•-■•uiore .'Street, ivi« i Sinn■■-. Va.
■• M. MAKTUff, SOX & CO.,
COHH1SS1 () N M B ROHAN TS,
Richmond, Va.
*. W. WAltTIS, SK.,
»• * MAHTIS,
•• K- MARTIN,
ISO. TANNAIIILL.
H. L. ri-IMMKII, JR.,
N. M. MARTIN, Jit.
oi personal attention given to the sale of pro-
«•• Orders for goods promptly filled,-^jj 40 ly
even to oiler a less obnoxious candidates.
I simply recite tacts, as they have trans-pired.
My object is neither to color nor to
discuss them. These facts made a most pro-found
impression on the public mind—in Vir-ginia
especially, where the recent outrage
having been perpetrated, there was natural-ly
more sensibility to the manifestations of
public sentiment it elicited in other States.
Grave and reflecting and devoted men,
who bad ever cherished an unshaken attach-ment
to the Union as the palladium of the
rights and institutions of all the States, were
startled at the spectacle before their eyes.—
They began to ask themselves, if these things
can be in association of States, acknowledg-ing
a common government and united by the
closest political ties, what is the value ot that
security for "domestic tranqtiility" and the
"common defence," which the Constitution
guarantees? Numerous meetings were held,
in whicn men ot till political denominations
participated, and heartily concurred in those
measures or precaution and self-protection,
consistent with the Constitution, which the
Bolting Cloths, Grain Mills, Smut Ma-\ occasion suggested, and in the firm resolve
chines, Mill
Belting, Gear/?///
ings of all kinds, for
CSji-n, I'loiiriiiu and »an Mills.
till Spindles. Shafting,
j, Gearing and Cast-
Circular Saws and Circular Saw-Mills, and
Pai-table and Stationary Steam Engines of
ALL KINDS AND SIZES.
All fitted up to order ol the best material and style of
workmanship. All oiders promptly attended to.
Address, THOMAS C. HAM,
Kernersv..le, Forsyth Co., N. C.
August, 1859. 5o tf
to maintain their rights at every hazard.—
Such was the attitude naturally and instinct-ively
assumed by the whole population of
Virginia, in the presence of the anti-social
and menacing demonstration which imme-diately
followed or very soon succeeded the
affair at Harper's Ferry.
Let us now look at another and more
cheering aspect of the scene. The conserva
live classes in the Northern States, who or-dinarily
take but little part in the political
•Burke.
whichwe live that it affords more remedies
within the pale of tho constitution for the
defence of public liberty than any other form
of political organization, and consequently
admits less excuse for a resort to revolution-ary
and extra-constitutional modes of re-dress.
.
The State governments, as tho organs ot
the residuary sovereignty of the States, may
lawfully adopt, within their respective
spheres of action, all such measures for the
security of the rights and inteiests of their
constituents as are not forbidden by the terms
of tho federal compact. Let the Legislature
of Virginia, in the exercise of this authority,
make every necessary and proper provision
for strengthening the defensive att
the State—let the
tion of tho body of the militia be improved
let tho formation of volunteer corps be en-eooraged—
let the requisite arms be procured
and furnished to both—let every legitimate
and judicious encouragement be given to our
s of self tiro- proud a title of respect as was that ot a l.o-
•„„ ,•.,„„' ot- man citizen in the renown of the 'ancient
',f°.!™™i °f mistress of the world ; and all this has been
achieved under the auspices of freedom, un-der
tho mild sway of equal laws enacted by
the people through one or the other branch
oftheir compound representative government,
and, hitherto, with hardly a serious inter-ruption
of internal tranquility.
Shall such a union as this bo lightly torn
to ppieces, its dissevered parts reduced to
the Susqiiehanna, to the States of
and Pennsylvania: and these a-gain
to their neighbor. New Jersey, by the
natural artery or commerce common to all
three of them ; while the latter is, in like
manner, linked with New York by the estu-ary
of the Hudson and ils noble Day, afford-ing
indispensable channels of intercourse and
trade for the daily and hourly use of botn of
these conterminous States. If we look to the
West, we find Virginia, in one-half of her
domain, united by tho same natural liga-ments,
through the Ohio and its tributaries,
to Kentucky and tlio Stales of the North-
West, whilo these latter, by the fiat of na-ture,
most ever form with the slaveholding
States on the banks of the .Mississippi one
common sovereign of the "father of waters,"
which is the outlet to tho ocean provided tor
them all. Virginia on her Southern border,
in like manner and by similar ties, standsin-separably
associated with her union loving
and conservative sister States, N. Carolina
and Tennessee.
Come what may, then, if you will excuse
mo for repeating the language of my answer
to Mr. Mclhillio, "all the above mentioned
great central States of the Union, on both
sides of the Allegheny and including the
mighty valley of the Mississippi, are tied
ipoH-llie
SHI
he-with
heir
it.-
lera
cy of the Southern States, which evi ■ † re-flecting
citizen of Virginia should we . con-sider,
Before he gives his sanction to a jj pro-posal
contemplating so desperate a r« <-it.—
The staple of the cotton Slates is <■:■■† of
which the production is limited to u pa il< u-lar
region, while tho demand for it is urdvor-sal
and constantly progressive. Theii entire
capitul and labor, therefore, cannot i. ■ m
ployed in any way so profitable as in I a DX«
clusivecultivation of this staple, and c>
ing it for tho fabrics of other count ric
produce being admitted Ireo from doty i"i lor
eign countries, where it is the indisj.;:, iabl<
ma.erialof the industry of a largo por i u of
the inhabitants, they can w:;ll afford, : -id it
is their interest, to receive duly Ir. [ij r.
turn the manufactures of those com, j .
But what is tho situation ol Virgii {Hi
agriculture is employed chiefly in the induc-tion
of articles which are tho growth t "very
clime, and of which the supply, then n e, of-ten
exceeds the limits of jus' propor < n t
the demand. Tho necessary Ooaaw
where this is the case, is a runious re
of the prices which those articles M
in the markets of the world—asiateo
now sore'y felt by the whoa', grower
giniii—and the only remedy then i- t
from agriculture a portion of the I |
labor unprofitable* employed in it ant
that portion to mnuiifaclurt s—thus,
same time, releiving the plethora I
ture and creating a new demand i"r
uucts at home.
In support of these views, allow mJt / eal|
your attention to the follow ing pi- gi
tract from an unpublished paper d M
ison, written iu 1833, the conclusive
which, I think, every eodersUudtl
feel and acknowledge :
" Manufactures grow out of tin- lafoi* hot
i
■
Uction
Mind
lings
A'Vir-
< iv.ort
vote
the
•. rieuL-I..
pro-fit
ex-
Had-io
of
mi -i
! the South West, is lasting inereaaio
nparative insignificance and weakness,. together by natural bonds which neither the
deemed to unceasing border wars, biirthcned1 folly nor the wickedness of man can ever
with standing armies, crushed by the weight | permanently dissolve; and if a separation
of perpetual and enormous taxes, driven to
seek safety in tho arms of despotic military
governments at home, or to sue for protec-tion
from foreign powers, of whose interest-ed
designs they would be made tho victim
and the sport?
Our sister State of South Carolina now
invites Virginia into a convention of the |
Southern States, with the open avowal on
her part, lhat she considers secession—in
Other words, disunion—as the true und only
bould, at any future lime, take place, it can
occur only at tho extremities, where tho cen-trifugal
tendencies, occasionall}* manifested,
will in the end, it is to be hoped, be controll-ed
by the instincts if an American national-ity,
as well as by a sober calculation of con-sequences."
To thi-se considerations, it may be added
that the border States, on both sides of the
line which separates the slave holding und
non slaveholding communities of America,
needed for agriculture; and labor w,
to bo so needed or employed, as it- ]
satisfy and satiate tho demands for Id
tic use nnd for foreign mar-cots W
be the abundance and fertility of the
will not be cultivated, when its fnii
perish on band for want of a n arki
is it nol manifest thut this must be h
ward more and more the case in Lbb)
The earth produces at this time
as is called lor by the home and ford
kets; whilo the laboring DOfMilalh
withstanding the emigration to tha
Nor
duet!
i,; tt'VOr
I ill, it
s| must
.J And
lied i
• li I
> III lit ll
II in..I
i, not-
: SZiS?3* «i»cdy for ih, mm , comply of.J*| ^^^TSSS^SSi~'
invitation has certainly been given in no
discourteous sencc; yet I cannot but think,
when it is recollected that Virginia has al-ready,
on more than one occasion, solemnly
expressed her opinion lo South Carolina
against the adoption of this her favorite re-onr*
dependence upon*other sources for the I medy, that it is a doubtful compliment, at
supply of articles which the time is now fully I least, to re-propose it to her at a moment
own domestic industry, in order to diminish
for us to fabricate for ourselves—let when it might be supposed
come
tho Legislature, as far as possible, foster a
navigation and commerce of our own—let
them, in everything, and by all the means at
their disposal, build up both the moral and
material power of the State. These are the
great resources of public security, as well as
of public prosperity, and are all within the
•See, as noble examples of this popular feeling, the
proceedings, lately published, of meetings at Banger in
Maine. Barnstabl'e in Massachusetts, aDd Luzerne in
Pennsylvania.
that her con-1
stancy and firmness had
been somewhat j
wrou"h, up by cicumstances and ooasidera-tions
appealling-rather to her fears than her
understanding.
Be this as it may, South Carolina deserves
a most r-.'spectlul answer; and that answer
should be distinguished by the frankness of
which she herself has set an honorable ex-ample.
If Virginia now thinks, as she has
heretofore thought, that disunion, whether
tion, as the only means of nverting those
hostilities and conflicts between them, which,
in the absence of that connection, the differ-ence
of their domestic institutions would in-evitably
give rise to, in the summary recap-ture
Of fugitives from service on the one
hand and reprisals on the other. These bor-der
States are naturally, therefore, the con-servators
of the Union It would be unjust
not to acknowledge that of these States, on
the non-slaveholding.side of the line, Penn
sylvania, by the general spirit of her public
policy, has well merited her title of tho key-stone
of the Union ; that the loyal people of
New Jersey, trained to nationality and pat-riotism
amid the historic battle fields of the
Revolution, have rarely, if ever, failed in
their federal -md social obligations; that In-by
the tune of'secession or any other, is not I diana and Illinois for the most part have
can we shut our vy>-* lo tin fccl thai
id increase of the exports ol flour an
co from a new and more fertile soil \ HI. be
continually lessening the demand on *
tor her iwo great staples, and be fon-f-i
by the inability to pay for imports by .\\
to provide within herself substitutes fw* the
former." •
These important truths seem now ito be
recognized by all, and, I um happj j
are about to be acted on by H.e Lt-gtsjatore.
Virginia must turn her atteni ion ni I
more to the diversification ol her mpaatry
by tho establishment of maniuacttnj-. l.oi i
to relieve the surcharge of her agrMiltare
and lo give it, in lieu of the glutted .'u'ukets
of the world, the stimulus of local nwrkecaat
home, which will diffuse, arou>.d theii ii spec-live
centres, a smiling scene ofrenovii^-d lite
and verdure. How would the system a
lute free trade, patronized by tin;
States, and ils neeeseary corcomitant
mous direct taxes, accord with thisclji
of things in Va. ? With one of heif
lll'-O-
0440a
eaor*
ditiotl
?:aplc
—tobacco—more heavily burthen," wnh
taxation by foreign governments tV«r'' h"y
known production ol the earth, ami which,
from the necessities of their systems <* reve-nue
will continue to be so borlbened, i;i with
rising munulucturing establishment- j.f her
own, could there bean act of more auicidal
rashness than for Va. to place hers II in a
situation, in which ••kiiigcotioii," b lui.dis-puted
preponderance in ihe Councils ija sep-arate
Southern Confederacy, would fe ena-bled
to throw her ports wideopea U< lie fr< o
and indiscriminate admission of thj,manu-factures
aud productions offoreign ( j'uii'ns,
•See Madison* Debates of the Federal (
pp 18'.'0-7. 1415, 14J7-10. 1450-36—Deba
einia Convention of 1"*8, 1 Kll.oit's edition
and Mr. Jeffeisonss Statement in MS. of e
with Col. Msson. at Ounston, in I7i.',cii#d
speech inSeuate olt. d., May 1814
or ven'iin,
e . f V 1 • -
,jp- 3 5-8
r»» ion
me in £