The Greensborough patriot [August 10, 1860]

              BY SHERWOOD & LONG.
-—__==___==—,——J^ , _
a JPamilg Netospaper—iBebotrtJ to literature, Agriculture, Jttanttfactures, €o?nmercj, anti ittiscellaneous iKeaomg. TERMS—$2.00 IN ADVANCE.
VOL. XXII. GEEENSBOROTJGH, 1ST. C, AUGUST lO, I860. NO. 1099.
Tlnc LrecnsborougK 'afriot.
y. «. «HKRWOOD. JAMIg A. t0N0.
SHEHWOOD & LONG,
EDITORS AND PBOPRIETORh.
TERMS: **.©<> A fEAR, IM ADVANCE
RATES OF ADYFKTISlKli IN THE PATRIOT.
On dollar per square for tie first week, »nd twenty-five
cents for every week thereafter. TWILVB LIMES O«
n-s making a square. Dediotions made in fetor of
Mending matter as follows:
8 MONTHS 6 MONTHS. 1 TIAB.
One square, $3 60. $5 50 $8 00
Two squares, 7 00.:.... 10 00 14 00
Three " 10 00 16 00 20 00
THE CONSPIRACY TO BREAK UP
THE UNION!
THE PLOT AND ITS DEVELOPMENT.
MOKE PROOF OF A SETTLED PURPOSE TO
LITIOXIZE THE MVEUHUIT!
REVO
HOW STANDS MR. BIECKENRIDGE?
From the Richmond Whig.
«'ti the 12th inst, we published an article
charging that cold-bloodeid, deliberate, heart-less
conspiracy existed iii certain quarters, to
break up the Union of the L'nited States, to
revolutionize the government and establisha
S inthern Confedracy. We dated this con-spiracy
with the meeting 61 the Southern Con-vention
in May, 1858, in Montgomery, Ala.,
and showed conclusively that it was then set
<>ii foot as a regular, systematised organiza-tion,
and assumed all the qualities, except the
arming of men, of a technical conspiracy, one
that would be held to be HO in any court of
law in Chistendom. We therein grouped the
evidence, bringing it down to December, 1859
Btcp by s'ep, all of which pointed infallibly to
the existence of the conspitacy, and to active
< :'->rts being made for its consummation.—
Treason, like Irand, burrows under the sur-fkce.
it never raises its head to the view of
men, until it is prepared to assume the form
at ■! proportion of a Revolution, wtien the
government against which it is leveled is at
aii end, and armed men, desolation and blood
take the place of the law and the gallows.—
Like fraud, it weaves abo.it it«elf a net-work
< f circumstances, which conceal it until it is
traced in such a way that its existence ex-rhi
!es every other reasonable hypothesis.—
Though in our previous article, we arrayed
la--?- so pregnant and so conclusive as to con-
•. in •• any hut a confirmed skeptic, we desiro
now to supply some facts which, for want of
spue , we were then compelled to omit, and
to adduce others equally as convincing and
of still later date, bringing the scheme up to
tl..'. present moment, and connecting it with
the candidacy of Mr. Bjeckinridge for the
Presidency. ;
We set out before with a disclosure made
by Judge Bailey, in a I'nion meeting at
Ktioxville, in this State, in tho month of Jan-uary
last, to the elfect that Gov. Wise had
addressed letters to the Southern Governors
in 1856, with the view of consulting upon
measures to prevent the nauguration of Fre-mont,
in tho event of his'election. We now
append that letter as it appeared, after Judge
Bailey's statement in the Richmond Enquir-ei.
It is as follows:
RICHMOND, Va., Sept. 15,1856.
Dear Sir: Events are: approaching which
address themselves lo your responsibilities,
a:.-l to mine, as chief executives of slavehold-ing
States. Contingencies may soon happen
ikh would require preparation for the worst
bership, are true friends of tho Union and
conservatism—doubtless presided at the birth
of the plot at Montgomery and were met
again at Vicksburg to forward the scheme.—
Mr. Spratt, a South Carolina fire-eater, thus
expressed himself on that occasion :
" It might be said that the slave trade could
not be legalized within the Union, and that
to re-establish it the Union would have to bo
dissolved. Let it be so. The men of the
South had higher trusts than to preserve the
Union. * * * The power to control Con-gress
had passed irrevocably into the hands
of those who had expressed remorseless hos-tility
to Southern institutions. Must the
South take as law whatever such a Congress
may please to dictate ? The South could not,
of itself, legitimate any action; but should
they, therefore, take no step9 until legitima-ted
? Must they own the slavish doctrine
that power carries with it the right to gov-ern
? If the resolutions proposed by him were
affirmed by the Convention, the re-opening of
the slave trade would have all the sanction
which, as a Southern man, they would ask.
(Applause.) If the principlo should be ap-proved
by Southern sentiment, it matters lit-tle
what might be the course of Congress.—
The profits of the trade would compensate
the risks of the adventure, and slaves would
be brought into the country. Besides that,
there was a point of honor involved in this
matter. There were men in the South who
felt that in this way only could the South
take the position that was consistent with the
maintenance of her rights. His friend La-mar
had already hoisted the slave trade flag,
and that flag now floated at the masthead.—
(Applause.) If this government, in that mad-ness
which precedes dissolution, should send
its agents here to spy out the acts of South-ern
men, to enforce this law, to seize South-ern
citizens, and take their property for acts
which they recognize as right—as sure as the
sun should rise it would rise on the reeking plains
of another Lexington and Concord. (Loud
Applause."
These lawless and treasonable sentiments,
it will bo observed, were vigorously applaud-ed
by the Convention, and they were proba-bly
a fair exposition of its views.
Hon. II. S. Bennett, an ex-Congressman
from Mississippi, said :
" That Mississippi would have the slave trade
re-opened, peaceably if they could, forcibly if
they must. If that was treason, there were 2.O0,-
000 citizens of Mississippi whose necks were
ready for the halter."
Judge Jones, of Ga., is thus reported:
" He proclaimed himself a disunionist since
1829, but he did not believe the Southern
States would go out of the Union unless kick-ed
out. He believed there was no chance of
equality in the Union, and that ho would
rather die a poor wolf in the woods than live
a fat dog with any man's collar on his neck.
lie owed no allegiance to any power but Geo-gia.
He urged the fallacy ot the apprentice
ship theory. They would be brought here
as apprentices, and as soon as their time was
out they would be sold as slaves. That might
not be slave stealing, but to him it squinted a
good deal like it. (Applause.) If he were
on a jury, and a man was tried before him
under the slave trade acts, he would never
find him guilty because they were unconsti-tutional."
a
of evil to the people Ought we not to ad-monish
ourselves by joint counsel of the ex-traordinary
duties which may devolve upon
UH from the dangers which so palpably threat-en
our common peace i-.tid safety ''. When,
1. »w, or to what extent may we act, separ-at
iy <>r unitedly, to ward off dangers if we
can, to meet them most effectually, if we must?
I propose that, as early as convenient, the
< 1 ivernora of Maryland, Virginia. North Car-
South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Ala-bama,
Louisiana, Texas,;Arkansas, Mississip-pi,
and Tennessee, shall Assemble at Raleigh,
X. C, for the purpose generally of consulta-tion
upon the state of th|? country, upon the
best means of preserving its peace, and espe-cially
of protecting the honor and interests of
tlie slave-holding Suites. 1 have addressed
; • Mates only having: Democratic Execu-te.
-, for obvious reasons.
I Ins should be done as early as possible.be-
!•-• the Presidential election, and I would
suggi si Monday. UUh of.October next. Will
you please give me an early answer, and ob-
;. .-. ^ ours must truly jmd respectfully,
1 Hasan A. WISE.
His Excellency Thomas W. Ligon.Govern-or
'1 Maryland.
As an appropriate finale to these proceed-ings,
the Convention adjourned to meet again
at Atlanta, Ga., on tho Secend Monday in
November—showing that the next work ex-pected
to devolve upon it will bo to receive
the returns from the Presidential election and
if not agreeable to them, to take immediate
stops to put in execution their threats and
revolutionize the government.
We now revert to the period of the "organ-ization"
of this movement. ,lr- u-more
nor will we receive anything less than
an equal division of ail the Territories, im-munities,
rights, privileges, obligations,
treaties, &c., &c, now claimed or enjoyed by
the United States.
Resolved, 4. That it is our solemn duty to
recognize all the people of the several South-ern
States as a band of brothers, whose inter-ests
and feelings shall be sacredly observed
and respected by the Great Southern Party,
so long as those humane virtues can be ex-ercised
without sacrificing or jeopardizing
those rights and that equality, for the regain-ing
and preservation of which this organiza-tion
is formed.
CONSTITUTION.—Art. I. This organization
shall be known as the Great Southern Party.
Art. 2. Its objects are an honorable, and, if
possible, a peaceable dismemberment of the
present Confederacy and the formation of a
Southern one, securing all the rights, powers
and equality to a free, white population that
may be exercised with safety to ourselves,
and with justice to all other people.
Art. 3. In a General Assembly of the sev-eral
Southern States composing this organi-zation,
there shall be one President, Vice
President, Secretaries, and one Treasurer;
whose duties shall be hereafter designated by
such assembly, which shall be convened by
the State Conventions, at the city of Colum-bia,
S. C.
In a State Convention there shall be a Gov-ernor,
one Lieutenant Governor, Secretaries
and one Treasurer, whose duties shall be pre-scribed
by said Convention. *-f
The State conven ion shall be composed of
delegates from the county conventions, which
shall assemble at the respective Capitols of
those States participating in this organiza-tion.
The county conventions shall be composed
of delegates from the several county clubs,
which 6hall have a chairman, secretaries and
one treasurer; and shall assemble at their
respective court-houses, unless otherwise de-termined
by such conventions.
The County Clubs shall be formed by five
or more members of this party, who have
previously pledged themselves to support the
foregoing preamble and resolutions and
signed the Constitutions, who shall elect one
Leader. Secretaries, and one Treasurer.
Art. 4. The officers of the General Assem-bly
shall be elected for and serve four years,
or until others are elected to their respective
offices.
The officers of the State Conventions shall
be elected for and serve three years.
The officers of the County Conventions
shall be elected and serve two years.
And the officers of the County Clubs shall
be elected and serve one year, or until others
are elected to fill their respective offices.
Art. 5. No member of this Great Southern
Party shall recognize any previous party-lines,
but shall use bin elective franchise so as
to accomplish, most effectually, the objects
set forth in the foregoing preamble, resolu-tions,
and constitution.
Art. 6. Any white Southern citizen or resi-dent,
over the age of eighteen years, may be-come
a member of this organization, by
pledging himself to support the foregoing
Preamble, Resolutions, and Constitution, and
signing the same; and his signature to this
Constitution shall be a sufficient indication
what may bo the aggressions upon their con-stitutional
rights. I trust and believe, sir,
that they will find themselves mistaken,
whenever a proper occasion occurs. Sir, it is
not so difficult to DISSOLVE THIS UNION as
many believe."
We have heretofore given tho resolutions
adopted by tho Legislature of S.Carolina, and
now give portions of those adopted by the Le-gislatures
of Alabama and Mississippi. Among
others, the latter, after fully concurring with
those of South Carolina, adopted the follow-ing:
"Resolved, That the election of a President
of the United States by a sectional party,
with views adverse to the institution of
Resolved, Tha$ in tho event of the election
of a Black Republican candidate to the Presi-dency,
by the suffrages of one portion of the
Union or Iy, to rule over the whole United
States, upon the ivowed purpose of that or-ganization,
Mississippi will regard it as a de-claration
of hostility, and will hold herself in
readiness toco-ofcerate with her sister States
of the South, in mhatever measure tboymay
deem necessary f»r the maintenance of their
P°2**P* witb themand to occurrences since.
We have shown that Mr. i'aocey was the
originator of this disuuion movement, and was
its head and front from the 10th of May, 1858,
till the Alabama State Convention in I860.—
He duly made his appearance at Charleston.
As soon as he reached that city, all eyes were
turned to him as the chosen leader of the dis
unionists. On the night of the 21st of April
ueem necessary *>r me maintenance ot their hetnr.. ti,„ ,, .,>.;. Jr.u «-. ZT .-"•—*• mSuTfRmtm* Ik. confer. .trXattt^'
*' which is thus referred to in the editnri«l M..
It wea in view; of the Charleston Conven-tion
and -.he importance of bringing the pub-lic
mind up to tb;) issue there intended to be
made, that Senator Clay, of Alabama, wrote
domestic slavery as it exists in the slave-1 a letter from Wajihicgton on the 3d ofJanu-holding
States and Territories, or one who is
opposed to tho grant of the protection claimed
in the foregoing resolution, would so threaten
a destruction of the ends for whicb the Con-stitution
was formed, as to justify the slave-holding
States in taking counsel together for
their separate protection and safety."
That of Alabama, after also endorsing fully
the South Carolina programme, added the
ary, I860, which jsil promptly published to
his constituents, of which the following is an
extract:
following:
rnor of Ficnda: John A. Winston. Governor
.: Alabama; J. J. McRae, Governor of Missis-sippi;
Robert Wickliffe, Jr.. Governor of Lou-isiana;
Kdiiiond M. Pease, Governor of Texas-
Klias N. CODway, Governor of Arkansas; and
Aii hew Johnson, Governor of Tennessee.
The chief importance of this document, at
tl. - time, is to show what was tno position of
<i-v Wise at that day,and that only Democratio
« '• Vernors were to be consulted. Up to the
time we bave dated this conspiracy, May 10,
I**W» there were, unquestionybly, many dis-ttmonisls
in the country, but we have no evi-dent
e that they had ever taken counsel togeth-er
aud determined upon a systematic course
of action to accomplish their designs. Of
this number Gov. Wise was evidently one.—
It remains for him to clear it up, and to ex-plain
bis connection with tbe "well consider-
•■•i S luthern policy" spoken of by Mr. Yancey
M-t 1>ryor '" Au?"8t or September, 1858.
v» ithoDt connecting him with the movement
••'. sins time, the circumstances render
perative, that he should define bis
I —ition.
it l in-present
I ne Southern Convention, at the next meet-ing
succeeding that at Montgomery, resumed
th • • moderation of the proposition to re-open
W • slave trade, and to assailing the Union.
I his body occupies a prominent position in
i his disuiuon'picture. . Its members, or a por-frton
ot them,—for many who have been, from
tune to time, drawn to its sittings and mem-ready
seen how tho "Southern League' was
formed; ™d its rules and regulations. It
was supposed that there were those who would
not join the organization in that form, who
would under another. Another was put forth
and agreed upon. It assumed the shape of a
farty, and its name was the "Great Southern
arty." Its basis was a preamble, resolu-tions
and constitution. These were promulg-ed
in August, 1858, in pamphlet form; but
where and by whom it was printed the pam-phlet
does not inform us. We subjoin a por-tion
of the preamble and resolutions, and the
constution entire:
PREAMBLE. "Whereas, Having experienced
for the last thirty-eight years the impossibil-ity
of nreserving an honorable and peaceable
union with our Northern confederates, it now
becomes our imperative duty to make an hon-orable,
and if possible, a peaceable separation:
And,
Whereas, The dismemberment of the ex-isting
union between these United States is
inevitable, and that past and existing propo-sitions
for uniting the Southern people in one
bond of brotherhood are most impotent for
consummating that much desired result: And,
Whereas, The South should sever the ex-isting
union of these States for past aggres-prevention
of others
V follow under existing
' ,d, S
ural and reasonable
province of an honorable, peaceable and brave
people to prepare for a contingency so cer-tain
and momentous, without waiting to be
abruptly forced into a doubtful or inefficient
organization for the preservation of these
rights which the most sacred honor of man
impels us to defend : And,
Whereas, A permanent, separation of con-flicting
interests, pursuits, habits, laws or
opinions, is far preferable to a doubtful or
unpleasant alliance : Bo it, therefore,
Resolved, 1. That, with that purity of mo-tive,
conscientiousness of rectitude and noble
determination to do right, we recommend
and will do ALL WE CAN to bring about an hon-orable
and, if possible, a peaceable separation
of the Southern slave States f. om the Northern
free States.
Resolved, 2. That after having been denied
a peaceable existence in the present con-federacy,
and in tho event we now be denied
the poor out natural privilege of a peaceable
separation, wo shall then rely upon our own
strength, the sanction of the Great Ruler and
and the countenance of all properly disposed
nations for that separation, witnout which we
cannot maintain an honorable existence, or
secure to our children the continued respect
of honorable moo.
Resolved, 3. That in this effort to separate
peaceably from mon and States, with whom
we so widely differ in soil, climate, institu
tionB and opinion, we will ask for nothing
that he approves the said Preamble, Resolu
tions and Constitution."
This branch of this disunion organization
differs from the Southern League because it
discards all former party allegiance and obli-gation,
and takes higher ground. It appears
to have been designed, not merely to influence
public opinion in favor of disunion, but to
have been so constructed as to act as a P$o-visional
Government in the ovent of the suc-
., ( cess of the project of dissolution. The
we Dave al- organization has a PRESIDENT as its head, and
in each State there is a Governor. When-ever
separation shall take place, these would
at once assume the reins of government, pro-vide
for the common defence, levy armies,
issue proclamations and writs of election and
take all the preliminary steps to tho organiza-tion
of a Southern Confederacy. It is ele-gantly
written, and ingeniously devised for
those purposes. How far it was a success
we have no means of knowing- but it is
entirely certain that it did exist, and the
same men who gavo it their support are
at this moment ready to carry out the
plan. And to our mind it is equally clear
that the numbers who sympathized in
the movement are great. Unquestionably
this whole scheme was fully understood by
Hon. Alfred Iverson, of Georgia, and to it his
language clearly points, when he rose in the
United States Senate on the 6th of January,
1859, and spoke as follows :
"Sir, there is but one path of safety tor
the institution of slavery in the South, when
this mighty northern avalanche of fanaticism
and folly shall press upon us; and that path
| lies through separation and a Southern con-federacy.
This is the great ultimate security
for the rights, honor and property of the
South. Sir, there are even now thousands of
her sons who believe that the slave States
formed into a separate Confederacy, and
united under such a government as expe-rience
and wisdom would dictate, would com-bine
elements of more political power, na-tional
prosperity, social security and indi
vidual happiness, than any nation of ancient
or modern times; and, sir, / am among the
number. * * I venture tho opinion that in
>.iy oirn State, so well convincod are the great
masses of tho people of all parties that the
anti-slavery agitation is not to cease until the
institution is destroyed, if the question teas
noio put whether the Southern States in a body
should separate and form a Southern Confed-eracy,
a majority would vote FOE THE PROPO-SITION.
* * The election of a northern
President, upon a sectional and anti-slavery
issue will be considered cause enough to justi-fy
secession Let the Senator from New
York (Mr. Seward) or any other man avow-ing
tho sentiments and policy enunciated by
him in his Rochester speech, be elected Presi-dent
of the United States, and, in my opinion
there are more than one of the Southern States
that would take IMMEDIATE STEPS towards sep-aration.
And, sir, am free to declare here,
in the Senate, that whenever such an event
shall occur, for one, I shall be for dis-union,
and shall, if alive, exert all the powers
I may have in urging upon the people of my
State the
my
propriety of an IMMEDIATE SEP-ARATION.
I know, sir, that disunion is con-sidered
by many as an impossible thing;
many think so at the South, and all the north-ern
people feel assured that the South can
never bo driven out of the Union, no matter
"2d. Be it further resolved, That in the
absence of any preparation for a systematic
co-operation of Southern States in resisting
the aggressions of their enemies, Alabama,
acting for herself, has solemnly declared that
under no circumstances will she submit to
the foul domination of a sectional Northern
party, and has provided for the call of a con-vention
in tho event of the triumph of such
a faction in the approaching Presidential elec-tion;
and to maintain the position thus de-liberately
assumed, has appropriated the sum
of $200,000 for the military contingencies
which such a course may involve."
According to Senator Iverson, above quoted,
tbe Democracy of Georgiaconcur.and in Lou-siana
and Florida also, unquestionably, the
disaffection to the Union is wide spread. It
remains for the people of those States to say at
the ballot-box whether they will sustain the
leaders who have placed them in this treason-able
attitude toward." the Union.
Let it be constantly borne in mind that Mr.
Yancey vauntingly declared in his letter to
Mr. Slaughter, that this movement would
"ISFLIENCE PARTIES, LEGISLATURES,
AND STATESMEN." To show a fulfill-ment
of tho design, we append resolutions of
various Democratic conventions held prepar-atory
to the pending Presidential struggle.
At a meeting held in Montgomery, .Ala., on
tho 23d of April, 1H59, we bave the following
assertion of the South Carolina doctrine of
secession, and of a purpose to act upon it in
tbe contingency to accomplish which the ef-forts
of Mr. Yancey and his coadjutors are so
earnestly directed :
"Resolved, That the great fundamental ar-ticle
of the creed of the Democratic party is
tho perfect equality of of the Sovereign States
to rights and privileges, immunities and hon-ors,
and the indisponsable complement to
such a preamble as this is the right of each
State to annul the compacts of confederation
whenever it shall solemnly deem tho same in-compatible
with its liberty or honor.
Resolved, That the citizens of the Southern
States are entitled to the amplest protection
of their property, of all kinds, in tho States
and Territories of the United States and up-on
the high seas, and that the failure of the
Federal Government to give such protection
will justify tho Southern States in tho throw-ing
off such government.
Resolved, That wo have read with amaze-ment
and indignation the declarations made
by leading Northern Democratic Senators, in
tbe Senate ot the United States, that not a
a man will be found in the North to support
the claim of the South to protection of the
government, and against an act of the Territo-rial
Legislature, either abolishing slavery or
destroying it by hostile legislation—■
And in reply we here proclaim our unalter-able
dertermination to demand this protec-tion
from the government, and that when our
plain cons*itutional rights are violated, and
find no protection in this government, we
will use our best endeavors to withdraw from
that government tho powers which it per-verts
to our injury."
This was re-affirmed by a Convention in
Auburn on the 9th may following, which nom-inated
a candidate for Congress ; and by the
State Convention in January which appoin-ted
delegates to Charleston. The Democrat-ic
State Convention of Louisiana, at Baton
Rouge, March 6th, 18<i0, adopted the foil
Tng, reported by Ex-Governor Mouton, a i
egate to Charleston:
"6. That in case of the election of a Presi-dent
on the avowed principles of the Black
Republican Party, we concur in tho opinion
that Louisiana should meet in council her sis-ter
slave-holding States to consult as to the
means of future protection."
By the Democratic State Convention of
Texas, at Galveston, April, 1860:
" Resolved, That, in becoming a member of
tho confederacy, Texas parted'with no por-tion
other sovereignty, but merely changed
the agent through whom she should exercise
some of the powers appertaining to it. That
should those powers be used at any time to
her injury or wrong, or should the Govern-ment
fail to exercise the powers which are del-egated,
in good faith, for the maintenance of
her rights and tho rights of her people, or
should the compact, which she has entered in-to
with the other States, through the bad faith
of any of them, fail to accomplish the object
for which it was formed, in any of these cases,
" Why, you would ask, do not Southern
Democrats and Americans unite their votes
on some patriot of either party, and save us
from the dishonor and humiliation with which
we are menaced ! The reply of either side,
probably, would be, it would demoralize, and
perhaps, disorganize our party. But,I would
rejoin, would you sacrifice the South on the
altar of your party? Canyon not sink tbe
parizan it the patriot, when the enemy is at
ourgato?
" Why may I not address the same question
tc tho legislators c..f Alabama, to her people,
and to the entire Southern people ? Wo are
confronted by implacable and powerful foes,
whose herald'and leader declares we must
meet the m everywhere in "irreconcilable con-flict."
They are now struggling with us,
band to band, in the Capitol, for the control
of the Treasury, the Army, tho Navy, the
Post Office—all the materials lor war upon the
South. They hang in embattled array upon
our entire Northern boundary. Their emis-saries
are in our our midst, preparing torches
for the incendiary and daggors for tho assas-sin.
Wi cannot, if we would, avoid tho "con-flict"
they threaten. We have been besieg-ed
and i arrassed by them for many years—
have suffered Koroly from their ravages and
sought no reparation, but only future peace,
justice.domestic tranquility and security for
our persons and property. Wo have sought
these by argument, by p'ersuasion, by entrea-ty—
but in vain, j Why, then, defer prepara-rgument
of nations ? "It is
ic sword when the truin-referred
editorial cor-respondence
of the Atlanta,Ga., Intelligencer
in a letter of the 22d:
"ODB of the most important (if not the most
important) actio., that has yet boen had by the
delegates, was tho action of the Southern del-egations
last night. An informal meeting
was gotten up in the evening, comprising re-presentatives
from every one of the Southern
delegations except those of Virginia. N. Caro-lina,
Missouri and Tennessee, of which .neet-ing
Hon. Wm. L. Yancy, of Alabama, was ap-pointed
Chairman, and a free expression of
opinion was had from the representatives of
each delegation. The conclusion arrived at
was that tho delegations from each State of
the South would stand by and endorse the
action ofAlabama in the Convention. When
you reflect that the Alabama delegation is
positively instructed to retire from the con-vention
immediately, iftbe convention refu-ses
to incorporate the 'Protection' clause in
its platform, you will at once porceivo that
the south has taken a very high and noble
position, and if she only remains firm, the con
vention will bo obliged to occupy a South
stand-point, and the South will bo safe-if
tho South wavers now—if she compromises
or concedes a principlo for the sake of party
expediency, we may as well give it up and al
low Douglas and squatter-sovereignty to "rule
the roast.'"
"The Richmond Convention assembled ami
and, as my colleague has told you, »r, i,l'
when we were there that wt wore sent for the
purpose of meeting our Southern brethern.—
That is to say, although tho terms of that call
were largo enough to embraco all tho Demo,
cratic States who were in favor of tho plat-form
reported by the majority at Charleston
yet I went there expecting to sec nobo.lv but
Southern people. I did not see anybody my-self
except a party of bogus New Yorkers.
who came there representing some National
Hall Committee. I never did fully under-stand
what they came for. I believed it was
to be practically a meeting of Southern men.
That was my opinion of" it. Therefore, when
I wasaskedin Washington what part I would
take and the party I mu with, I reminded
them of what had ocenrcd in Charleston, and
I said I would go to Richmond and lake
advantage of tho chapter of accidents that
might occur for tho benefit of the South."
Capt. B. U. Rutledge, said :
"Thus, it is clear, that in all particulars
has this delegation pursued what they holei-h^
tft^TTip!f of the P°,ic v Probed by the State for hor direction. They decline,'
throughout any interlacing with the Nation-al
organization but they sympathized in every
roRpoct with any proceeding, which was es-sentially
Southern in its spirit, and although
tins movement is conservative so far as itcoes
inasmuch as it is a further appeal to the ,„--
tico and patriotism ofthe North, still i, is jn.
e directly a Southern movement upon Southern
- principles by a united South • « Tho
tion for *.he last a
too late to whet tl
pet sounds todra t it."
In addition to
establishing beyo
pose, supported Hj
there were memb*-
session who had :
■4 and revolutionize tho gov-
• jy admits of a doubt that
the facts we have given,
d question a deliberate pur-a
systematic plan of ac-tion,
well digeste* and zealously pursued to
break up the Unic
erament, it scare
t of Congress at its last
solved to keep that body
unorganized until its functions should cease
for warn of sustenance, and thueafford a pre-text
for declaring the government at an end,
and for proclaim a Southern Republic. This
charge was substantially made by the True
Delta, :. 1 >emocratie paper in New (irleans,
as follows:
"Such pestilent and vulgar demagogues as
Senators < Jreen add Slideli were kept as the
instruments of the Executive to electioneer
against such rosulijs when independent and
honorable men, jiike Miles Taylor, were
baought forward
of Alabama, and
Keitts, of South C
treasonable zeal t
izeduntil .he mac)
|iiae
■ *nd the Pughs and Moores
>o Bonhams, Boyces and
rolina, were laboring with
keep Congress unorgan-nery
ofgovernment should
fall to pieces for « int of proper Bustontation
and leave them th<
low-del-in
which she alone can judge for herself, the
State of lexaa possesses the full right, as a
sovereign State, to annul the compact, to re-voke
the powers she had delegated to the
government of the United States, to withdraw
from the confederacy, and to resume her
place among the powers of the earth, as a sov-ereign,
independent nation.
Resolved, That we rogard with groat aver-sion
tbe unnatural efforts of a sectional party
at the North, to carry on an "irrepressible
conflict, against tho institution of slavery
and whenever that party shall succeed in
electing a President upon their platform, we
deem ..to be the duty of the people of the
State of Texas to hold themselves in readi-ness
to co-operate with our sister States of
the South in Convention, to take into consid-eration
such measures as maybe necessary
lor our protection, or to secure out of the con-federacy
that protection of their rights which
they can no longer hope for in it.'"
By the Mississippi Democratic State Con-vention,
July 5, 1859, re-affirmed Jan. 1860 .-
t liberty to proclaim
Southern republitfin which they are in ima-ginatioi
already |be occupants of the chief
places i.i tho new political dispensation."
To show thatti.is demand for Congression-al
protection was never expected to be ob-tained,
nor even desired, but that it was alono
urged and insisted on before tho people, by
any State Conven.ions and Legislatures, anil
in the Charleston Convention, as a mere pro-text
for dissolution, as a means to consummate
a conspiracy previously formed, wc have but
to adduce the tact, that Kansas, last year
through its territorial Logisluturo, passed an
act prohibiting slavery; and although an ef-fort
was made to bring Congress up to the
passage of a law embracing the very princi-ple
which these ruin assert, its strongest ad-vocates
tailed to iisist on tho demand. The
case was thus stajld in the Senate by Mr
.Clingman, of N. <-",on tho 9th of May last-
"The Senator fvom Mississippi who sits be-hind
me (Mr. Brown) has been striving for the
last three or four ninths to get a positive art
passed to protect slavery in Kansas, and he has
never yet found a second to it. If any ono Sen-ator
upon this floor, notwithstanding tho ur-gent
and eloquent appeals of that gentleman,
has declined his willingness to vote for it, I
have never heard ihim say so, and I do not fe.
lievether-issuchaione. And yet everybody
knows l hat Kansas has lately refused all pro-tection
tj> slave property.
Again', on tho 8th, Mr. Clingman said:
"Hero is the Territory of Kansas, which
not only does not :jiveus any protection, but
which, I am informed, has legislated adverse
Iy. One Senator from Mississippi (Mr. Brown)
has brought forward a proposition to interfere
for the protection fof slavery in that Territo-ry,
and yet he haswiot gotten one Southern man
to back him, and ifwtm were to submit the ques-tion
to a body of Sdfthern Senators I have, very
great dcubt whether' jou would get them to agree
to such legislation."
Mr. Clingman is an approved Democrat, and
although he was tl en understood to be friend
iy to Mi. Douglas, he is now, we learn, for
Mr. BrecKinridge; but, however, that does not
alter the fact that the demand was not insis-ted
upon in Congress by the very man who
urged it befor the
Having earned his points in Alabama, we
here have tho evidence that ho was equally
successful at Charleston. The result of this
preliminary movement was tho presentation,
in due time, of the "protection clause," which
was rejected by a majority ofthe Convention,
and the secession first, of the Alabama dele-gation,
from the Convention, followed by sev-en
othor States. The socedinp delegations
assembled and resolved to meet in Richmond
on the 11th Jane. They met at Richmond,
and, to show what spirit they regarded the
Union, we subjoin a telegraphic account of a
scene on the 12th. A commission from New
York having met them, they were refused ad-mission,
but were allowed to speak to the
Convention by courtesy. The report says:
"Col. Baldwin of Syracuse, said that New
York came here to assist to throw oil on tho
troubled waters, to urge you to do as you
have, to take no decisive action but to go to
Baltimore. The commissioners, ho said,
agreed with this convention, in deploring the
nomination of an individual whose selection
would be as injurious to himself as it would
be destructive tp the Democratic party, and
dangerous to thotUnion. Mr. Baldwin pro-ceeded
at some length to deprecate the disso-lutiou
of the Union, and to say that he was
one of those who could not see how the Union
could be dissolved.
Mr. DSWBOU of Georgia, called tho gentle-man
to order.
Mr. Baldwin resumed, and continued for a
few minutes in the same strain, v.hen—
Mr. Berry of Miss., arose and oaid wbilo we
of the South have avoided all discussion of
the question we cannot permit others to open
the discussion. "We bave allowed the gen-tlemen
from New York to speak by courtesy
and he has abused that courtesy,"
Mr. Baldwin resumed, and was speakiii"
when a motion to adjourn was made and c*v-ried
unanimously.
They would not even allow a gentleman
to speak in favor of the Union. They bad
their minds made up, and would not permit
discussions. This was tho spirit by which
they were actuated, and it is the programme
IRateA they carried out. In the mean time, be-tween
the adjournment at Charleston and
stand
run up
Unions recentely, let us hope and pra
in honor and consistency, she will also
stand firm when the piratical flag is r
to the mast-head and nailed there rr
such an event every portion of tho Fed.r il
Government ought to be made to stop within
tho limits of every Soethern State. NoJud^o
should administer Federal justice—no Col-lector
should collect Federal customs throne
out the Southern States. No Southern man
should consent to hold office under a commis-sion
signed by an abolition President and
» »ill be for the peoplo of the South to say
whether any Northern man shall bo permitted
to enter the State lines with such interests."
Hon. K Bran well Rhett, tho same who de-flared
on the 4th of July, 1859, in a speech at
•"•nv'Ic.S.C.thatinhiH latter years ho
did all he could to dissolve her l/the South'sl
connection with the North and to establish
tor her a Southern Confedercy" said :
.'Now my friends, this consolidation is cul-mmating
in-.o the Presidential election Wo
have now going on a struggle; wo have now
at last got the two sections ofthe Union pitted
against each other. On tbe other hand wo
have those who deny the rights ofthe South ;
are those who, like yourself, dol
The Black
object, by
the direct legislation of Congress to abolish
s.avery in the lerritories. Consolidation in
this I residential election culminates eventual-ly-
to victory or ruin. If we shall defeat our
adversaries, if the North raise up and on this
occasion give us our rights, we may hold it
as an omen of good for the future If they
a>d US in theelection of men we will stand up
tairlyfor their county, content to g,ve us
those rights by electing Breckinridge and
I.ane. harmony and peace will be once more
among us and we may look to the future with
hope.
If, on the contrary. th° Black Republicans
succeed in electing Lincoln and Hamlin. who
will openly advocate that slavery be abolish-ed
throughout tho whole world, tl. >n wehavo
to look to ourselves. * * I am very cha-ry
of seeing tho South pass resolutions. I am
stck at heart of vain attempts to hold out the
inch, wlioo we should
grasp
nounco Squotter Sovereignty.
Republicans affirm it to be their
the
th Press in the
ted ii|)c
people as a sine qua n
a continuance of tie Union. The fact
not den ed. and
to
was
t establishes the fact beyond
a shadow of a doubt that the demand was con-cocted
and proclaimed for the sole purpose of
being used as a pretext for breaking up the
Democratic party..and thus aiding tho elec-tion
of a Republic..a to tho Presidency, and
thereupon "precip.tating the Cotton States
into a revolution."
Having now traced the course of the trea-sonable
conspiracy from the time it was sys-tematised,
and shown how the conspirators
have en leavored to circumvent the people and
bring ti.em by hidden paths and plausible pre-texts
to its support, we beg the indulgence of
our_ readers while we invite their attention
and ser ous consideration to the more recent
nets attending the Charleston, Richmond and
Baltimore Conventions, and to facts contem-meetingat
Richmand, th
disunion interest, teemed with eulogies on
the action of the seceders. They were en-couraged
to persevere, never, to yield tho
contest, and to insist on their demands, and,
failing to got them, dissolve tho party, and'
the Union, if necessary. Thoy did so.* They
further expressed their expectation that they
would have Kentucky, Tennessee, Missouri.
North Carolina, Delawere, Maryland and
Virginia with them in a short time. This ex-pectation
was not ill-founded, as tho train
was already arranged to blow up tho Balti-more
Convention, and to drive the recusant
Southern States into tho ranks ofthe conspi-rators.
Everthing eventuated as we desired
and intended from the beginnig. The Balti-more
Convention did blow up • the democrat-ic
party was divided as predicted by the
Washington correspondent ofthe Charleston
Mecury, in March 1859, and a Southern organ
ization teas formed, and MR, BRECRINRIDOF.
was nominated as the champion of Congression-al
protection, and his banner unfurled to the
breeze as the standard of the disunionists, the
ultrais, thefire-eaters and the conspirators who
plotted and accomplish <1 the whole, from begin-ning
to end.
Do wo want further proof that Mr. Breckin-rideo
is the candidate of the conspirators ?—
Listen to Mr. Yancy on the 2d day of this
present month of July, in a speech at Green-ville
S. C., as reported in the Columbia South
Carohnaian, ofthe 7th:
"Theso and several other potent arguments
prove most conclusively that the band of union
has been snapped asunder, and the only U,,a.
ment that holds the mighty and cumbrous mas*
together, is commerce. It is only now/or the first
time that the South presents an unbroken front
—now for the first time she has told the North
in actions not to be mistaken, that she will
concedono more—that the days of our compro-mises
arc past—-that she must bave her few
remaining rights respected—that she must
have equality in the united confederation or inde-pendence
outside of it. The South, holding tho
Constitution in one hand and the Bword of
justice in the other, is prepared to resist the
overwhelming, illegal hordes of Northern ag-gression."
^ At a Breckinride ratification meeting at
Charleston, S. Carolina, on the 9th inst .Mr. B
was endorsed and ougolizcd as tho standard
bearer of opinions which they approved, and
for tbe character of those opinions, wo sub-join
extracts 'rom speeches made on that oc-cassion,
as reported by the Charleston Cour-ier,
of the 11th. Gen Wm. E. Martin said:
sword.
Hon William Porcher Miles, member of
( ongresa indorsed entirely the speech of Mr.
Rhett. and in the course of his remarks
said :
"It is monstrous, simply monstrous. I
wi.l not go into tho consideration ofthe man-ner
in which that party attempted to ram
down our throats a man distasteful to us If
wo did not choose to save him. WO had a right
to select some one better. Hut the South
was not so prominetly brought forward. In
truth, we did not know who was the choice of
the houth. We said Douglas" notion of squat-ter-
sovereignty are unconstitutional, and thai
the South could not accept him as their stan-dard
bearer Yet it was Douglas or nobody
Douglas or defeat, and so it is the great De-mocratic
party has been disbanded. I d-- not
regret it. Great as that party has been ;
great as its triumphs; worthy "as its services
when that party, or any great party, becomes
subservient to tho will ofthe raobarracy and
Will tear away constitutional principles for
the purpose of transient success, I say perish
such party no-matter what may be the result.
How do wo stand now t The South stands
upon her own platform, dependent upon her
own strong arm for support. We hare de-termined
to support two men who have cor-uially
and heartily indorsed tho Platform willi
a Southern Code. In that respect wo will
have, for tho time, tbe South standing to-gether
HI a solid phalanx. 1 know both these
gentlemen who are our candidates. They
are both able, and I believe them both to be
sound.
The following are a portion of the resolu-tions
adopted by this meeting, and are in per-fect
keeping with the speeches, and with the
general disunion programme :
Resolved, That we heartily approve of tbe
proceedings of tho Richmond Convention
and will uphold the principles that Conven-'
tion has announced, and tho candidates it has
nominated for tho Presidency and Vice Presi-dency
of the United States.
3. Resotved, That in the course pursued by
the delegates from South Carolina in tbe
Kichmona Convention, we
Carolina in
fidelity of the rights of th^'Kh^d'S..
their success ,„ ,ho results which havo boon
accomplished with our most cordial approval
and congratulation. ' »
4. Resolved, That we congratulate the
Southern people on their union in
of their rights as lately displayed , Rich,
mond and Baltimore, and as'they I « n.r ,.„
power hut their own for the protection
their rights, it is a source of P
pinh
on of
.... .. ..,,..^, ., ,„ a source ol pn<|e ami satis-action
to know that they need no otb.r for
alUi'me" vinui<-«tion and perpotuil, to
To evince how prevalent is the mme Iccling