The Greensborough patriot [March 30, 1860]

              m ■ ■I rteuglwrflEglj fatrat. -
0 SHERWOOD & LONG U jFamili) Xctospaper—Bebotcti to Uttrrature, Agriculture, JHamifacturcs, (tfommcrcr, an>B jftliscellaneous Keating. TERMS—$2.00 IN ADVANCE
i
VOL. XXI. aKEEISrSBOROUGKH:, !N". C, MAECH 30, I860. NO. 1080.
BUSINESS CARDS,
, liri»<;i:<«« K, ATTOR!
_ ,._«-i 4 TT/iD Vl*V
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
972 tf.
,1*0
LO\G. ATTORNEY AT LAW.
GREENSBOROUQH, N. C.
B. A. A. MILL. ir LEXINGTON, N. C
III & ITLEY, COMMISSION AND
\\ ...riing Mwchnnte, Kayetteville, N. C.
,.i •• | ||(MI having turned hia attention
j1"1 sE AND MUX PAINTING, respectfully
* , . | urcnage.
ILrough, Oefa*w, 1«M»- 57 tf
J. t . KllARP. O. HOOKER.
F
,.ill It. rOiBW & UOOHER, IMI'OR-
,;e=ale (iROCERS, (except liquors)
, PRODUCE »cJ GENERAL COMMISSION
.. -. ,\ EWBERN, N. C. ja—n. 10-69 3m.
Jo MiliRS.CouimiiMiioii Merchant,
OLD lilt STY WHARF,
\i't\ht'i'ii. IV. «'..
., Brompt attention to all business entrusted to
' * ii.rember H. 1869. lypd
,lR. COFFIW * COBLE, JAMESTOWN,
11 \'< 1 "ve .-sociaUil themselves together for the
j'pRACTICIKG MEDICINE in all ite various
,i uitention given to SURGERY. Of-
Feb 1859. 24 tf.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Gr. L. MEENLEY,
w - 2
CO
-3 S rf
a - 0
> m F
2 o g
1M *cc Pft-
B 04
June 15,1869.
CIKV
40 ly
MJ. MOORE, Formerly of Stokes county. N.
• C, with MFARLASD, TATMAN & CO., Ira-
I!
porters and wholesale dealers in FOREIGN and DO-MESTIC
DRY GOODS, No. 247 Market Street and 234
Church Alley, between Second and Third Streets,
J. B. M'Farland, \ PHILADELPHIA. $ H Berghauser,
J. P. Talman. J jan20-Cm )JR C.OIdham
SPRlACi, I860!—JOHN H. SPOONER. No.
249 Market street, Philadelphia, has now in store
LONG & ! a *"u^ assortment of Men's and boys' Fur, Wool, Pan-
„ "Gr"e"nsborough, N. C, having ! ama. Leghorn and Straw HATS Bloomers artificial
.«.i. i— :- »i— r lowers, Kucnes, «c , to which the attention ol his
North Carolina friends is particularly invited, either by
person or order. 73-2m
■ , R. Depot.
lB 4OI*ARTIBI:RSHIP.~JT A
• .'. ,
lemselves in tl e practice of the law, in the
count;, will promptly attend to all
isted to their care. Jan. 1858. 967 tf
LAW,
J
,HNv». PAVIVIE. ATTORNEY AT
-rmanently located in Greensborough, N.
Courts of Randolph Davidson and
—.1.. .. ......i »/» the collection of all
915 tf
jromptly attend to the co
his hands. Jan. 9^1867.
Walfhi'x and Jewelry.—Having located in
Leaksville, N. C, I respectfully offer lo the pub-lic
generally a well selected slock of fine GOLD AND
SILVER WATCHES, with a large assortment ot
FASHIONABLE JEWELRY Those wishing to pur-
THE PATRIOT.
M. S. SHERWOOD. JAMES A. LONQ.
SHERWOOD & LONG,
EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS.
TERMS: KS.OO A YEAR, IN ADVANCE.
Rate* of AdvertlHlng.
On dollar per square for the first week, and twenty-five
cents fei every week thereafter. TWELVE LINKS OR
LESS making n square Deductions made in favor of
standing matter as follows :
3 MONTHS. 6 MONTHS. 1 T«AR
One square, $3 60 $5 50 $8 00
Two squares, 7 00 10 00 14 00
Three " 10 00 15 00 20 00
REMARKS OF MR. GORRELL,
OF OTJ1LFORP,
On the question of Amendments to the Constitu-tion
and Ad Valorem Taxation.
Mr. Bledsoc's bill to amend the Constitu-tion,
by repealing the 3rd section of the 4th
article of the amended Constitution, being
under consideration in the Senate, Mr. Gor-rell
moved to amend by striking out all af-ter
the enacting clause, and inserting the fol-lowing:
That a free and open Convention of the
people, be held in the city of Raleigh, on the
3rd Monday of November next, the delegates
in which, when duly assembled and organ-ized,
shall have the power to alter amend
and remodel the State Constitution in such
manner as shall be best calculated to -'estab
ish justice, ensure domestic tranquility. pro-which
if tared to the same extent of land at
fifteen cents in $100 valuation, would raise a
revenue of 8329,604. It may be said that
the average value of taxed and untaxed
slaves is fixed too high. I think not at pres-ent
prices ; but even supposing it is so, that
will not destroy the force of the argument,
it would only make the amount to be raised
by an ad valorem tax a little less, but would
preserve the same proportions-
According to the Comptroller's report, the
tax on white polls amounts to the sum of
$31,291, $3,114 lesb than an ad valorem tax
of 1.20 of one per cent., upon untaxed slaves.
All the other Southern States have abandon-ed
the capitation tax on white men. Prop-erty,
not men, is the legitimate subject of
taxation and the sources of revenue. Why
should we preserve our singularity in taxing
free men for the inconsiderable amount of
$31,291, and leave a slave population ol six-ty-
eight millions of dollars in valuation en-tirely
free from taxation.
For the last eight or ten years, the State
has been agitated from Currituek to Chero-kee,
with the free suffrage amendment to the
Constitution, and after a ten years war, this
favorite measure of tho democratic party,
has proved triumphant. And what has it
accomplished f The mountain has been in
labor and brought forth a mouse. The priv-ilege
has been conferred upon every free
white man in the State, who has paid a pub-lic
tax, to vote for a Senator to represent
him on this floor, but ho cannot take his seat
here, with ten thousand votes to back him,
without a free hold of 300 acres of land. He
cannot be Governor of the Mate; he ear-not
|». PI Gil IS PERMANENTLY SET-IBHIGH
POINT, N C, where he will give
• i tendon to the duties of his profession.
ntiea given to Obstetrics and the Diseases
■, ^.l Children July, 1859. 43tf
|tV|S& IIIRDl'E,
W. H. HARDER.
PRODUCE COMMIS-Wr.
I»0>\i;i,l/> Pi.iMo:r;i|diii(.il!-
. lery is now opened, and Cameotypes, Melaino-types,
and AMBROTYPES, which cannot be surpassed
for DURABILITY and BEAUTY arc taken in Lockets.
I' - \'.»-liiii;s. Petersburg, Va. Pins and Cases, lo suit '.he tastes and purses of all.—
Having permanently located in Greensborough, they
3onfid»ntly expect a liberal patronage.
{Cry Call and examine Specimens, and learn the
J. IIA I.E. ATTORNEY AT LAW. *•»««; prices B,mm!, formerlv oecupieil ,,v A. Starrett. sec-
, ....... K.C^-(Office in the Court Hwwc.) «» ^ g(ory rf Garl.e„.s ,,;.;<.,. building vv,st Market Si ,
, ki, , rotation in Randolph and the adjoining Green?h^ou?ll> N c Sepl 180,, 55, lf
A.PUINMER, IMPORTER AM) DEAL-er
in J:III:,;>II and American
HARDWARE,
SADDLERY HARDWARE AND
CARRIAGM MATERIALS,
No. 10 Bollingbrook Street.
(si,;s OF THE «• V I
Nr.XT I "OK l'O LIBRARY' HALL.
PETEKSBI RC » *.
ALL GOODS SOLI) A I NEW YORK PRICES.
June I, lb.'9. IH : vy.f
TTO HIRER, IEWELLIR % \ l>
WATCH-MAKER. Went Unrkei. '■† •:, NM;,.::..
V C., has on hand and Is receiving , splendid anil wen
selected slock ol fine and I'anliioi.nhle lewelr^ "i every
descripii.ii, among which nn\ be found several magni-ticienl
sets of coral Jeweh \
He has also a stock ol fiieUold an : ilvei Watches.
All repairing done in'the BEST MANNER and war-ranted.
All persons purchasing Jew slry. would do well
to call on him before purchasing elsewhere, as he is
confident that he can sell :is geo.t bargains as can le
bought in Ibis market.
August 1st, 1858. 996 tf.
. -.r, CASH advances made upon consisn-
1-r.l Sept. 23, 1859. 64 t.m
. AT LAW. ASHE:
I.
"" Ittentkm ,'iven 10 all business entrusted to ^1
71tfjan27 O.
. ,.' J. U. CLARK. ■
I I.|-\ UL4RH, COMMISSION MER-VSTS,
U ilminctun, H.C. Prompt per-
-.!!•. «g »l n to consignments of Naval Stores,
T therCountrj Produce, for Hale or shipment.
- .•. Lint, Plaster, Cement, Hair, &c
.... -H, 1859. *T
I'.M'ERRt.ol North Carolina.
With W.M GRAYDON ft tO.
i.n »»<< Jobber ol l»ry «ood«, 46 PARK
I .nd4 BAR! LAY STREET.
...wi.'-v . .,.„ work ' <ieo H ^fe,eJ
;•.' * -. "
*:,• . ! V 11. UKVNOI.IiS. I J. 11. ROWLANIV
lOWtiXD *t REY.\Or.>»«, 8DCCE88ORS
,•... i ■. Reynolds, Grocers and Commimnon
,••.. :■••!• i ■»1.K*. Va. -Otg" !'»>' particular at-
• -.- le at Plcur,Or.-iin. Tobacco, etc.. avoid-
, ^. .••• charges, and rendering prompt re-
,. •.- .-. 1867. »o» if
(V
said
Mr. SPEAKER: I view the bill introduced
by the Senator from Wake, as a serious and
important one, because it has relation to a
parti'-1ilar feature in the Constitntioo; and
the amendment offered by myself as still
nn>re important, for the reason that its sub-jei-
t matter, emhracea the ioAo/cConBtitnlion.
'l regret my inability to discuss LheseW- ighty
matters with tlial aLih\ and leamiug, *liioh
their magnitude requires. But the snbj-it
is before us. requirea our utti-m. ai,d 1 r,s-peetfolly
ank tl»e indnlgonee <•*' we S, nate,
whilst 1 sli-il! utterapt lo explain 1 ho reaaoiis
rl-at have induced me to "tt-r n>3 amend-ment
ti" a substitute to the original bill.
The Senatorfrom Wake and myself have
the earns object in view, our destination is l
same.
road; 1 by
meat of the
What has he gained by free suffrage ?
privilege to vote for a man to tax him, and
his representative in the Capital, is bound
by the Constitution, to tax him, or leave one
hundred and fifty millions of slave property
untaxed , and he is bound moreover, to lay
the same tax upon his head, that is levied
iip'in the head of the poo-eat slave ilnn a ey-press
swamp or a nee plantation it, the East;
or a cotton or tobacco plantation i
West. No matter bow poor 1
may be, he may not be
or destitute he
worth an axo, a
spade, or a hoe where* tb to earn his daily
bread, <-r the i>r- ad of 1 is children; he must
divisions, for the ordinary purposes ot Leg-islation.
A fish bill—cad a bill to amend
the Constitution are considered here of equal
dignity, the first, by some, the most import-ant.
If bad laws are made, they can be re-pealed
in two years, a^id better ones substi-tuted,
before much mi>chief can be inflicted.
But wo all desire and bzpect a Constitution
to be permanent, and unchanged lor long
periods of time,—no; like Jonah's gourd,
grow up in a night and wither in the next
days' sun. The making or amending of tho
organic law, should I B tho
statesmen, and not tin mere
work oi the
politicians of
the State. I have another objection to Leg-islative
amendment; i- is two slow and ex-pensive.
Tho journey of free suffrage was a
tedious and an expensive one; for ten years
like a wounded snake, it dragged its slow
length along until it was finally lodged iu
the Constitution. I have never had the time
to make an estimateOl what this one amend-ment
cost the State. I have but little doubt
when the figures are n'adeout.it will appear
that free suffrage cost as much as tho Con-vention
of 1835. By tiiis mode, only one
amendment at a time is proposed, which
must pass two Legislatures, and then be sub-mitted
to tho popular iote before it can be-come
a part of tho Constitution. And it has
very much the appearance to me, that the
framers of the amende*! Constitution never
intended or expected if to be amended in
this way.
Now, I am fully sati [fled that the people
of this State desire otln r amendments tn tlr:
Constitution, besides tl o ojie contemplated
in this bill. Othersar before this Legisla-ture,
and others, and piflerent ones before
the last, assembly. Thejudiciary is now re-ceiving
a large portion pf the public atten-tion,
and undergoing sj through discussion.
Some are in favor ofelecting Judges by the
people ; others are opppsed to it. I for one,
am in favor of their election by the people.
The lives, the liberty, a*id the property ol
the people are in their {hands, and I can see
no valid reason why; their appoint meat
should not be in the bajnds of the people.—
My experience and my Observation convinces
me that the people are-is competent to elect
Judges as the Legislature. If they are com-petent
to elect the law-taaker, they are com-petent
to elect tho la-}.' expounder. 1 be-lieve
them to bo equally as pure, and more
incornmtablo that the Legislature: less lia-
■ ■._.! • • , ..*.•_. _<■:..*_: Lo- be taxed, or the negro must go untaxed ; hie to tb« sinister operations of intrigue, bar-such
a svsiem is behind the age in which we | jrain, and log rolling; \e: 3 subject to tho pow-live.
at war with our intelligence, and our #r of the demijohn, and equally, as capable
capacity,
e us the
,,e humanity, and tho sooner tho deformity is
hut he desires to arrive at it by one hjjkhn, from the public gaze, all the better
another; he praters the amend
Constitution by Legislative cn-for
our credit as a State. Tax the property
of the State, look to that alone, and to that 1
actment. I desire to stand upon the out pre- e^U(,//y jor .ne revenue necessary tto support
cedents of our race; and adopt the old Anglo thc gOVernUient.
Saxon. Anglo American machinery of Con- ,} the 8am(J reg0rt, it is shown
•il.M\tMHOX8— nm- Sarah Adam*
- irday the 8th instant, her large
Bonnets, ltll»f tons, Flewen, Ru-
U». Jw«~ » i'-li for cheapness and beauty, shall
■: ■-■] in this or my other market.
IFTS CE NTS to TWENTY DOLLARS.
■ her 1, 185'J. _ Set*"
I.MV.IOi JEWELRY STORE.—
lii ■ .• 1 IIM- .111 'land the fine GOLD LE-
•'• [Trust i ifactured by Johnuon of Liver-
■! ■: not London. Also, the Silver Lever
I - ■--. > •••:;,..-i Virge Watch, with a variety or
.■† • 11 lescriptions. All of which will be
■ft* lab. batches of all descriptions repaired-
GEORGE RILEV.
• 7- WILL. L. SCOTT.
K""-l fc SCOTT, ATTORNEYS AND COUN-
• itUw, - - GREKN8BOBOUGH, S. O,
.• Courts of Uuilford, Alamance, Ran-
.-...Moiiv. in establishing or changing the or-ganic
law.
We have a singular feature in our State
Constitution,—a restriction on tho taxing
power of the Legislature? a restriction exist
ins in no other slave State in this Union; a
bairicade, erected for the protection of a vast
and valuable species of property in t ie State
against the just claims of a revenue I
This was not the case under the >ld Consti-and
statesmen of the revolu-t<
ROVER & BAKERS SEWING BlA-I
CHINES—The attention of Housekeepers Seam-stresses,
Dress-makers and Tailors, is invited to the
unrivalled excellence of (.naif & Bakrr'N
Sewing Machines. They are simple in construction
efficient and durable in operation, beautiful in mode!
and finish, and applicable alike to families or manufac-tures.
The company feel confident that their Machines are
the best ever offered to the public, and refer for contir- J^uL^"^ on white men, and an ad valo
mation of this opinion to the thousands oi families who ' "** . .»
have used them. Price from $.M) 10 $12~>.
By the same report, that the
real estate which is taxable, amounts to 897,-
841,481, and the tax derived from itto814ti,-
151.40, which is raised by levying fifteen
cents in tho 8100 valuation of land; one
thousand dollars valuation of land pays 8150,
and the same amount in slaves, pays only
fifty cents—one third the amount. Let eve-ry
man ask himself, why should this state of
things continue. But it must continue as
Ions: as the restriction in the Constitution is
tution of 1776 that instrument, the offspring I ke_t up for the reason, that if the tax on
of the patriots
tion, permitted the Legislature to tax ne-groes
without taxing white men, or to tax
them higher than white men, or to put a
J. R. \- J. SLOAN,
September 23. I80S
TIREGS AXO IMEOIt l\ES!
Agents.
8 tf
slaves over of twelve
PORTER & GORRELL,
(SUCCaSSOBS TO T. J. PATKICK.)
« hiloaic and Retail OrussrisJs,
■ •;• r,. f,,rsyihand Rockingham. All claims Are prepami t0 execute orders lor Druus and Medicines, } e.irb, antl .11. ,. , „
• • them for collection, will receive prompt 1 an<J ',( articles pertaining to the Dm; Business, with years and under the age ot flU) 3 tars MI.UI
1. Office <m.North Street, fourth door from ; neaUlesSj accuracy and dispatch. With large and iin- be subject to capitation tax; a
business, and with a very
rem tax on negroes, or no tax upon them at
all if it should choose so to do. But by the
amended Constitution of 18:35, it is provided,
"Capitation tax shall be equal throughout
the State upon all individuals subject to the
same." "All free males over the age of twen-ty-
one years and under the age of forty-five
the age
■ • mer.
'•llADI'MltLL, LAND AGENT. WILL ;
• • • -■ • enter Government Land, Locate Land
llukeini tstments lor capitalists at Western
I'.'..-. an i transact a general real estate bu- ,
[ • • Minnesota, Iowa and Wisconsin. Address, j orders
;-. Minn, sot*.
—lion. J. M. Morehead, George C. Men-li
illet Gwynn and lion John A. Gilmer.
888 tf
|\l,l'I- L 1 IIOMAS has removed his HAR-I'
lo the rooms recent'y occupied by j
St, Esq., ,wo doors North of LINDSAY'S !
. "ly opposite the New Court House, j
* I be 1 leased to receive calls from his old j
io generally. It is his intention
ti hand a GOOD ASSORTMENT
'■ 1K\ESS, and other articles in his line, which 1
. - Ito sell on reasonable terms.
- I, I 859. 19tf
■' i,N M. EDNEV, 141 «;laaiiit>ers-s*.,!
1 •■ - every kind of Merchandize on the
1 ' rwards for ^J percent, commission.
a. Parlor Organs, Organ Melodcons,
" ' ■"- «', 1 • ,rs, ;Stools, Covers. Music, etc.,
/ 1 r' tail All In itruments warranted.
■" ■ †"■† Jsay'g Patent Pump," Garden En-
• • - ; liisti-uments and Pumps sent
Refers 10 John A. Gilmer, C. P
• I* 1. Swain, and others. 9.5fL_
l'l~ lv-,si Hamilton &, (Jraham.
IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS.
ofler on the most favorable terms
•••-"ALE Bl \ ERS. a larse stock of For-
" »n«l De>mentlc l»ry Goods, selected
Fall & Winter Trade,
,' ' •• beautv, and its adaptation to :he
■•'•• R«L IN \.
VIRGINIA. AND
TENNESSEE TRADE
tononi Buyers from all sections
'*• -r and rigid 1 x.unm.uion ol oui Stock
No. SYCAMORE STREET.
Petersburg Va
proved arrangements tor
large stock on hand, which has been selected with unu-sual
care, we feel satisfied that we can offer inducements
to physicians and others who may give us a call.
Physicians who buy trom us can rely on having their
ders filled with pure am! reliable Drugs. Special at-tention
will be given ;o orders. April 15.
J. W. HOWLKTT. V. O. S. J. F- HOWI.ETT.
JW. HOWLETT & SOU. DENTISTS. RE-
• spectfully offer their professional services to the
citizens of Greensborough and al'others who may dc
sire operations performed on iheii leeih in the most
approved, modern and scientific manner. They are
amply qualified to perform all and every operation per-taining
in any way to Dental Surgery, unsurppssed for
ability or beauty.
The Senior of the firm has in his possession Diplomas
from the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery. Ameli-as
Society of Dental Surgeons, and l>r. S. S. Filch of
Philadelphia, and has been in the regular practice ot
the profession for over twenty years.
They have furnished their Operating rooms on ,\esi
Sireet, two doors above the BR1TTAIN HOF8E. in a
handsome and comfortable manner for the reception .u
Ladies, where one of the lirn, may always b« loan I.—
Ladies will he waited on al their residem . s I 1. red.
June 23, 185il
■sons shall be subject to capitation tax." 1
am not sufficiently acquainted with the his-tory
of the Convention of ISLJo to know the
reasons assigned by that body,forthisstranjp
anomaly, but the object is sufficiently plats.
It was intended by it
slaves "should be raised to make it equal on
land, the tax on poor white men, owning
neither land nor slaves, would have to be
raised to an extent which would make it op-pressive
upon them.
By the Census report of JSortb Carolina
for 1850, it appears we have in this State :
Horses,
Asses and mules,
Sheep,
Swine,
Milch Cows,
Oxen,
Other Cattle,
14S.693
2D,: !59
595,249
1,812,813
231,709
37,809
434,402
3,276,024
THE HIM.
AKCII STREET ABOVE Till 111).
l'liiiad<M|il(ia.
Tt»i,iitsj---Hl.-">0 per tl;t\ .
{,r»re«i\8:
• • • .
1 KEEP CONSTANTLY ON ;
j, two miles North of James- :
• Superior Rille Guns, which
mable prices. As an evidence ot
. - :: ,• .1 TIIV work. I will men-
- v ... RIFLES TOOK '1 HE PREMIUM
•' •• t Raleigh ast week. My address is
'•• ■• rd county, N. C. A. LAMB
"'' ■ i set ling orders by mail, should be
r ' ••• direction of their letters, to avoid con-
"' •, . A. L.
ly
5ERS
188,
Petersburg, Wm.
,V5lll'l\. KItO.& CO.. GROC
'■ † ' '• •'.•■'ISSION MERCHANTS. No.
>• H. MARTIN, SOX & CO.,
■: I Mu N M E RCIIA^TS,
'Ritliino.Eid, Va.
1 ■† x.
k*e*e
RO. TANBAHILL,
U. L. PLIMMKR, JK.,
H, M. MAKTIN, JB.
Bal aitcntion eiven lo the sale of pro-
^ . * _ < ^ _ . — . .n. .. ' r goods promptly filled. 40-ly
,''* 1 an style of Hats and Caps
•. , '."" * large assortment of Casimere Hats,
.•• . Woo] Hats of all gradeB and qualiGes.
•«.i»0B. w. J. McCONNEL.
The undersigned having | has4 I ihe itiieresi of
his former partner, Mr 1. ...1- ......:.•>• ;i ill.
would call theallention of lh« | hlic I. iis 11 , i,ieu-ccs
for those visiting Philadclpbi-i ilhei • 1 basmesi,
or pleasure
Its situation beiut bul a fen -teps 1V.1.11 '111 principal
avenues of trade, off- rs iudu e"eo'- 10 ihi se >n busi-ness;
while to those in search .-. pleasure ie con-stantly
passing and rep !•»; rail wty cars and ih.Mie
in close proximi'jr, awoi I » ft ■-"<•> '''•'• ■> ihe
ml Mini .,1 htif 'im " ! ' ' - ' "esl in
.11 In :'.
i'lie i'. .-."'_: •- •' " i
shall be pi «uh - . , .
approbation and w«ul 1 solicit SOU I I
CAROL1N \ PATRON iGb.
UPTON S NEW 1 OMEK,
Pi prieiot
Angus: IS. 1859. -»'■' \5
BEJUfM SliOEJ*.—Thi 1 eshibin n
at out Union Fair hu>l week by •■' M o: ti Lit • -
have already been noticed The following is ihe Re-port
ol the committee thereon :
••The Committee have exan ined lb* negro brogans
exhibited by C .M &G LINKS, of Thomasville, N". C,
and take pleasure in pronouncing tie m superior -o Ihe
shoes made bv Winter. Or any shoes ot the same kind
ever before seen in this market The committee would
also call the attention of liie public to the ladies shoes
manufactured at the same place by J. Shelly, especially
as to nature of style and workmanship.
COMMITTEE !
B. JACOBS, E. K BRYAN,
C A. JORDAN, B. H. GREEN,
B B LANE.
These gentlemen are engaged in maaiifactiinng shoes
at Thomasville, on the N. t'. Railroad, on a lar«e scale,
and those of our people who desire to sustain home
manufactures in preference to the North, will lose noth-ing
bv sending their orders to Thomasville.—Xeubern
Daily Progresi
V
Address
C.
jy5 C8tf
M. *c G. LINES.
Thomasville, N. C.
blc and most convertub
.Slate against taxation.
At the time the convention of 1835 was
called, the revenue of the Slate was about
880,000, and continued at this small amount
for many years afterwards, and even until
our internal improvements began to create
heavier demands upon tho treasury. Th«
revenue for the last fiscal year was $$02,612,
and, we are informed by the Committee on
finance, that8150,000 more has lo go to that
amount annually to meet tin- growing de-mands
ol the treasury and the sinking lin-d
lor the next two years, n-akiug 8052,612.—
And, when ih" bonds are all issn-d to 10m-plyte
1 iie w rks ol internal i»npr»v« mci t al-ready
provided lor by law, we will have i«.
raise ai annual revenue of one million ol il»*-
lars. IVhell ore we lo look for thc m«a>:«
of supplying these greatly increased :•"•• in-ui-
easing wauls «>f the treasury, uph-so :.\ i-e
to t he pro|tert\ of the Rt.de r
By ihe Com, ti lbi's n-,.. t: :.,t'e,i eseni
KesMnn of the (jeneml Ass(n.bl\. it appear-ti,:,
toe whole a-niunt ot bl.ie« jiol 8 p:«> »n«
a uapitaiiou tax the last fiscal year, was 150.-
'Mit. raising a revenue01 onl) 875,462. Now
on ihe supposition that these polls are worth,
noon an average, 81000 each, what is their
value? S150.925.000. Wnat was the rev-enue
raised from these? one twentieth (1-20)
I ol one per cent., or five cents in the hnn-dollars
valuatioil. Is the average price
w h i have placed upon the taxable slaves
too n gh ? I think not. From recent sul s
:i n par' ol the country I am tally war-tint
11 fixing this average valuation upon
th 111. ) the population tables in the pen
Ueportof lb)50, it appears tlial the siav,
al thai period was ^8S,54S Dv
du< 1 ihe slaves in the State, subject to capi-tation
tax, trom ihe whole number ol slaves,,
ami it gives as the number of 137 000 elav.-s
under twelve and over fifty years ol age.
paying no tax at all, and not subject to taxa-tion
under our Slate Constitution, according
to my construction of that instrument. Now
suppose we put an average value upon these
of 8500 each, and we have the additional
amount of $68,811,500 valuation of valuable
and convertable property that not only is
not, but cannot be taxed, and which even at
the very low rates of 1-20 of one per cent.
would raise 884,405 of additional reveneue.—
Add the valuation of the taxed and the un-taxed
slaves together and we have the a-mount
of $210,7o6,500 of slave property in
tho State paying only a tax of $75,462, and
Live stock,
Valued at S17,717,G47-
There is also a large amount of property
...... , consisting of luruiture, plate, carriages and
to lock up this valua- ' buggies, wagons, carls and farming tools and
e property in the | implement*, merchandize, bank stock, money
at interest, *«., &c all going to make up the
aggregate wealth of the Slate, the value of
wnich 1 have no means of ascertaining at
present, but which would enter into the tax-able
pprroopp,er of tho State under the ad valo
rem system of taxation.
But taking the aggregate valu* of the
landed and slave property of the State, and
ihe live stock, we have a sum total of $335,-
206,628. One eighth of one per cent, upon
this amount would make a sum but little
short of the revenue of Ihe last fiscal year,
ami one-fourth of one per cent, would raise
«&38 241 nr 8186,129 over and beyond the
■al wants of the State for the next year —
ud when the value of all the property in
ib. Male is as.ertai I and fairly assessed
In taxation, I hazzard bot little in saj ing
that one lonith of one per cent, would raise
a million .f revenue annuallv flowing into
the Treasury, which will meet its wants in
all cnmiiuf mi... unless our State deb
>>..• imprudentlj enlarged.
approve such a Bjstera ©
equally upon all the property, and operating
" •' — ° and
in every way, of judging of the
qualifications and temper of a .ludj
members of Assembly.
1 had tho honor to' b(i a member of the
Assembly which passed] tho ac* calling the ,
,l.im.ited1 C<._onvent.i-on olrl8.8.,3-5; a„„nd1 \..o. t,c/;di l<■o_r'eration,» is to last throug*h
.. .1 1 .- SI n! ,„„„,,♦ r.f 1 generations to come'. is no allowance
taking the election ol ojir Governors out ot • \
the hands of the Legislature and giving it to
the people. 1 have never had cause to re-gret
that vote. The experience of more
than twenty years, has satisfied me of the
correctness of I hat votej Within that period
we have had Governor* elected from both
parties, and experiencejgoes to demonstrate,
that it was a decided improvement on the old
system. Since that tin'e, we have had more
talentand greater wortl in the Gubernatorial
chair, and thereby, greater dignity conferred
upon the office itself. And I feel assured that
a similar change in the appointment oi our
judiciary, would he attended with similar
beneficial results ; and {hat an election of
our Judges by general ijiclcct, for a lung term
of office, with a provisojthat no Judge should
be elected for a second term, would give us
an able, a pun. and a working set ofJudges
not at all inferior to those who have been
consideration of the delegates, in a free Con-vention
ot the people. The Convention may
be called, the delegates elected and convonod,
and the Constitution amended, wherever
thought necessary, all within the present
year, and the public mind quieted upon this
important subject. If such Convention were
called, tho best men in the State would bo in
it. Wo would find the wisdom of tho aged,
tho vigor of manhood, and the ardour of
youth, mingled in counsel and debate. I think
thoro would be but little party spirit or sec-tarian
feeling, but a great deal of patriotism
and devotion to the best interests of North
Carolina, bringing forth fruits which would
fill the State with general satisfaction.
Tho Anglo Saxon race has been for the
last thousand years the conservators of con-stitutional
liberty in the world. When the
whole earth besides, has been covered with
tho pall of despotism, the lamp of liberty has
shone brightly in all lands where our race
has had the ascendency, and by them will be
carried to the ends of tho earth. The Free
Sutfrago till and this bill is an innovation up-on
tho usages of the race, a departure from
family' precedents. For centuries past, the
organic law has been settled and forms of
government established by conventions.—
When the last tryant of the house of Stuart
was driven from the throne of his fathers,
the Convention Parliament of England pas-sed
the bill of rights, and settled the Crown
upon William and Mary, thereby ensuring
the blessings of liberty and a long career of
prosperity and greatness to the British na-tion.
A convention of our fathers held at
Hulifax, in thc dark day of tho Revolution,
when British bayonets were gleaming and
British sabres flashing in the North, gave us
the Constitution of 1776, under which we en-joyed
"Health in the breeze, and Shelter in
iho storm," for sixty years. A convention
gave us tho Constitution of 1835. The con-stitutions
of most, if not all, the States of
this Union, were the work of Conventions;
and the master-piece of human wisdom—the
model of all free governments, which is now
holding together thirty four grat States con-stituting
together thc grandest empire of the
earth, tho Constitution of thc United States,
was the work of a convention composed of
thc soldiers and statesmen of tho Revolution.
Why depart from these old and venerable
usages, these time-honored customs, to walk
in the new and untried path of Legislative
amendments of the Constitution.?
But we are mot with the argument that
wo must not break up the compromises of
thc Constitution. I presume that all consti-tutions
are to a certain extent compromises,
but docs it follow that a constitution made
under a compromise ofexisting evils or exist-ing
grievences, at one time and in one gen-all
timo and all
to
be made for human progress and advance-ment
in political science, for the changes
j which an increased population, and educated
i people, the introduction and expansion of
new pursuits and interests, naturally bring
about? A ro the garments of the boy to be
tho clothing of manhood, and tho vesture of
old age *' All things around us are progres-sive
; science and art are daily unfolding
wonders to our astonished view. Agricul-ture
manufacturing, banking, mining, trade
ami education, I am happy to bclive arc all
progressing in our State and improving.—
Are we to presume, there is no improvement
and advancement in political science worthy
of our consideration and adoption '( I think
such a presumption would expose us to the
ridicule of the age in which we live.
Another argument used against a conven-tion
is, that it will not do to trust thc pco-
, pie in convention. Something radical and
appointed at ddlercnl periods ot our l.i>iory, 1 ,cad| -sj.carcd {rQm a COIlveDtion. Some
under the present Constitution. "ul ^ J wonderful foreboding of evil is entertained.
think, however,they may be appointed: It would not be strange to hear the expres-there
is a general desiire that life t°r'"res j sf0n of such iearB from tho other side of the
of Judicial officers should be abolished, and j gfwt w>tgHL But I must express my sur-terms
for years substituted in their place I pri„e to hear them in our land of represcn-ihat
there should be some other mode than tutivc republics and free constitutions. I
that provided in tho present Constitution, I fof ono am ||ot afraid of tho poop|{.. 1 be-which
amounts to nothing) for retiring an ] ljeve jn lho joctrinc of popular sovereignty.
n-
A.
Who would not
' taxation, falling
And if my opinions could be of any weight
or any influence, I could wish they were en-graven
with a pen of iron on these grantite
walls with which we are surrounded, to be
read in all coming time that 1 am tho advo-
, cate of popular sovereignty to its fullest cx-
! tent. 1 believe in tho language of our bill
I of rights "That all political power is vested
j in, and derived from thc people only."' Up.
i on this platform our forefathers stood in 1770,
: and upon it I stand to-day and expect over
to stand
I have read with admiration tho Colonial
history cf this State, as recorded in Bancroft's
history of United States, and other works
1 upon the same subject by our own native his-torians.
I have seen with what wonderful
sagacity they adopted such laws and ordi-nances
as were best suited to their wants, and
best calculated toadvancothcir prosperity and
promote their growth. Constitutions and
laws framed for them by philosophers and
will grow and expand, and form a hap
adaptation of its wants to the circumstant
with which it is surrounded. I believe
their right of government—their ability
govern, and to select all tho necessary agei
of government. I want to make them int
ligontby proper systems of education, a
conscientious by projier religious trainir
and then I am willing to put ull power ii
their hands. With an open Bible, a freo p 1
pit, and common schools covering tho bro
area of our Slate, in my bumble judgment
we ha^e nothing to fear from thc people. •'
Tho common schools are now doing ago'x
work in thc education of tho rising race; on
colleges and high schools, both male and l'O
male, are numerous and judiciously located ii
every section ot the State, and what should M
grtifying to every Carolinian, they aro w-l
tilled with pupils. The generation that stiCi
ceeds us will be composed of educated m*t*
and women in all classes of society, and WMM
educated mind is made to operate upon tjio
great resources of our State—agriculturllf
mineral, mnchani al and manufacturing, u ij
der the influences of lho most auspicious c i
mate in the Union, itiscvident to my mil
there is a future, a glorious future for Nor) I
Carolina.
And now iu conclusion, I will take this c't
casion to say, that in my opinion, it is va 1
to attempt to resist or defeat this great priii
ciplc of equal taxation. It is a "coming evet t
casting its shadow before.'' It is now 0011
pying public attention, and filling the public
mind, and gaining friends and advocatesd:ji
I3'. It is so obviously just, and Jso ominet't
ly republican, lhat every man should pi v
taxes according to what he hath, that no vt I-id
objection can be raised to it by any reaso >
rble mind, not prepossessed and choked wi^b
tho odious principles of inotiopollies and iu-strictions.
Our neighbors Norlh and Sou h
and West, have all led the way in its adop-tion,
and none ol them who ha\e adopted ji
have again gone back to the old and antiipii ,
ted systems of specific taxation and unjiijt;
discriminations. W'c oviselvcs, have.loi(g:
since adopted it,in the taxation of lands, ail I
its justice in the taxation of slaves, is equal*,
as palpable as in that of lands. Why iiyt
tax an aero of poor land as high as tho same
quantity of rich land? as well as tax a ncg-o
worth 8500, tho same amount as one worth
82.500 ?
Thc public mind is at work on this nOU
most important question in the political 1
omy ot the State; and it will lestil 'as wi<l
fullers soap and refiners tire," and at no diN
fant day, the verdict of tho people, the grant
inquest of the State will be recorded for *•$
against it. With that .decision, whatever i?
may be, 1 shall be content; but unless 1 gnal
ly mistake, the igns of the times, and grot
ly misconceive public sentiment, that dec n
ion will bo in favor of toil great measure
justico and reform.
Position in Sleeping.
it is belter 10 go to sleep on tho righi ,
for then tho stomach is very much in thep 1
sition of a bottle turned upside down, and ll|-
contents aided in passing out by gravitatio
If one goes to sleep on tho loft side, tho o
oration of emptying the stomach of ils 00
tents is more like drawing water from a we I
After going to sleep let the body take
own position. If you sleep on your back. •••
penally soon after a heavy meal, tho weignl
of the digestive organs, and that ol the laod
resting on the great vein ol tho body, Bel I
tho back bone, COmproaiCI it, and arrests tli
flow of blood more or less If tho arrest ia
partial, the sleep is disturbed, and there a ,
unpleasant dreams. If lho meal has been 1
cent or hearty, tho arrest is more decide I,
and the various sensations, such as fallit [
over a precipice, or the pursuit ot a wi uj
beast, or other impending danger, and ti
desperate effort 10 get rid of it, arouse u
thai sends on the stagnating bio »d, and I
awake in a fright or trembling, or perspir
tion, or feeling ol exhaustion, according
the degree ol Magiiation, and the length P
strength of the effort made to escape thc daij
ger. Hating a large, or what is called ':
hearty meal." before going to lied, should a
waj 8 be avoided ; it is the frequent cause of
nightmare, and sometimes tho cause of -ml
den death.
~n.- uep,
population
neapablc or unfaithful Judge.
The magistrates of the country, are also
receiving a large portion of public attention
not only here, but throughout the country.
They are generally speaking, and honaet pa-triotic
and useful class of public officers.—
Such I have found them to be in the coun-ties
where I am most aqnainted. But they
arc an irresponsible body of life officers.—
Thev have large taxing power in their
hands, and are responsible to nobody, and
cannot be called to an account as to the
manner they exercise it. when once appoint-ed,
whether qualified or not, they are in of-fice
tor life, unless they choose to resign —
There is no limit to their number in the dif-ferent
connties, and their large number of-tentimes,
impedes the performance ol those
duties which the law Ihas devolved upon
them. Public sentiment requires a change
in ther tenure if office, .limitation in their
number, and a higher grade of qualification
than many of them can command, and ihcir | p0litieians, on the other side of the sea, by
appointment by the people. | men who did not understand their wants nor
Free suffrage has brought about a s,iangc | consult their truo interests, were, by a kind
anamolv in the construction of the General j of self-preserving instinct, repudiated and re-lasemblv
We now lave two Chambers ijected as tho bee would cast out from its cells
elected by the same men. Under the old | tho juice of poisonous herb or unwholesome
Constitution, thc two branches of the Gener- , flower. I have seen with what spirit they
•U Assembly were intended to operate as a j resisted encroachments upon their rights, a^-The Hichmond Dispatch says
svstem of ebecks and balances one upon the , and unjust exactions upon their property even ll0m0„pUM clothes arc becoming so lashion'i-J
other But now, the same current of public j to thc verge of rebellion. 1 have seen them ^^ ,)UsillCsS I)ieIl in Virginia, that
opinion operates equally upon both, because thc first of all tho colonies, to draw the sword ^^jn di,li;r(.nt parts of the State
both are accoui table to the same set of men. 1 in defence ot liberty—the first to declare in- , |t in 0.siMl. Wllh t|,cir present facilities, j
Why not let them all Bet together in the , dependence and to break and tramplo under . ti|, tbo namer0U8 ordcr8 lhut p0lir j„ U|,.,,»
same body, like thc Chamber ot Deputies in ! foot the shackles of a foreign and unnatural ; them # ■
France. In times of high political excite- j government 1 rejo.ee that I live in such a . __ ^^ ' I
ment and popular tumult, which occasion-; land—that I am descendod from such a race. XJilh h ,/„. t/,,,,,, ,,■„„„„/._KJ\ •,,■„■.., .*
•illv happen in all free governments; what ' Such a people I am not afraid to trust. There wlu.rc melons are planted should be mulchno
security can we promise ourselves, from the is the spirit of a sound mind and a sober be|ijre lne vjno hegins to run. You may u,i
counter-checks of two b-anches of the Leg- judgment in the people ; a vein of common |d |loV or Blntw> or frc,h cut grass, or If
isiature elected by the siimo voters, and hold j sense running through their actions, and the ! t.onvenient, small bushes, snch as willow, bh-:
in> thei'r appointment for the same length of, conclusions to which they arrive are gener- ze, or any olher lhat will lie down flat. CM
To preserve the balance of the Con- ally correct, and best calculated to promote
r . , .,»;.. .u. c. ....«•.,..,.„ ,!..,;
. have seen with what
fairly and justly upon all the sections
divisions of the State t Who would not pre-fer
such a system to the present unjust, and
in some cases, oppressive mode of taxation <
1 think that no sound and tail-minded tax
paver, who would give the subject a candid
investigation, could hesitate for a moment
between the two.
But we aro told by the advocates of the re-striction,
that it will never do to remove il.
The slaves will be run out of the State, and
we should thereby loose the revenue to be
derived therefrom. In answer to this objec-lion,
1 ask where would they be run to, in
.•rder to escapo taxation. Certainly to no
Other slave State in this Union, for In .»«Of time *YndTdaVt"V'w "the free suffrage i their general welfare. A people left iree and asAinsstw^jS^;s^^tas-y.=a -.** s* *-ISHSJ
far half in alternate districts should expire eve-ry
two years. Remodeling the basis oi rep-resentation
in thc General Assembly :—an-nual
sessions of the same,—conferring juns-upon
Ladies Should Bead Newspapers
It is a great mistake in femalo education
lo keep a young lady's time and attention
devoted to only the fashionable literature of
the day. If you would qualify her for cor}
vernation, you must give her something t>)
talk about, give her education wild the ii\
tual world atel its transpiring events. I raji
her to road newspapers and become familiar
with the present character and improvement
of our race. History is of some important. ,
but tho past world is dead, and we have lij
tie comparatively to do with it. Our thought
and our concerns shoul 1 be for thc preset t .
world, to know what it is, and improved i $'■
condition. Let her have an intelligent coi-versation
concerning the mental, politic!!,
and religious improvements of oar tino
Let the gilded annuals and poems Oi til •
centre table be kept a part of the timo ooj
ercd with journals Let*tho family— men,
women and children, read thc newopopew
this!
6rj.1l
bill, without favor 1
Constitutional protection or exemption,
most ot the Slates, in fuel, all of ihem so
as 1 am informed, except Alabama, they
have to la o an ad valorem lax, and in this
latter State, they are taxed, by a sliding scale
from the cradle to the grave.
For these reasons, I am clearly of opinion
that the Constitution ought to be amended ;
but I differ with the Senator who introduced
this bill, as to the mode. I have always been
opposed to the Legislative amendment of the
Constitution. We are not sent here with
that view by our constituents, many of us
come hero upon local issues and sectional
diction upon magistrates out of Court up.
all trivial cases of the assault and battery,
Ihe election of a Liuentenant Governor, to-gether
with many other; sudjects of amend-ment,
with the discussion of which 1 shall
not now occupy tho time of the Senate, are
all receiving public attention, and undergo-ing
examination.
These arc ull proper subjects, lor the and die.
i
cultivation, will grow up with such political
institutions as are best suited to promote
theirindividual andaggregato happiness, just
as naturally as the troe adapts itself to the
soil from which it springs, and the atmos-phere
with which it is surrounded, and bears
the appropriate fruits of its own climate.—
cumbers are as much belter for bushing ta|
peas. i 8BjT "Dawkter," Mid an equisitc theoUu
day, 'I want you tell mo what 1 can pi ^
into my bead to make it right " 'lit wat ,
nothing but brains," said tho physician
teff' There are many who say more th: u
thc iruth on some occasions, and balance tbo
Take a tropical plant from the warm soil in j acc0ut with their consciences by saying less
which it is imbedded and the balmy air with
which it is batbed, and transplant it to the
bleak tops of our high mountains and it bears
no more fruit, but yielding to tho unfriendly
influences of its new homo will soon sicken
A nation, a State, if left to itself
than the truth on others
Feeding Turnips M Cows.—If this is dojic
morning and evening, immediately after mi ik-ing,
no tasto of turnips will bo disccrnablu'io
the butter. ' !