The Greensboro patriot [November 29, 1876]

              THE PATRIOT
PUBLISHED WEEKLY
AT GREENSBORO, N. C,
11 v ,v A I.BRIGHT,
BLISHE1 IN 1881 !^]
ildeat, Mid best Newa-
Iha State!
-> .( Vrvprietori.
The Greensboro Patriot.
Established in 1821. WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 1876.
{New Series No. 453.
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Professional CJr .
Joua N.ST.ruta.
DENHALL & STAPLES,
: ! 11) 1: N I: \ S AT LAW,
i. it EENSBOBO, H.G.,
Book
GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE.
: To tin- Honorable General Assembly
of Xorth Carolina:
The meeting of the General As-
; sembly in this Centennial .rear of
oar national existence, is an import
ant event in the history of the
State. Yoa hare met for the pnr
| pose of enactiug laws to promof-our
various interests as a people —
; Tou are here, the chosen representa-tives
of the people, who, iu return
for the confidence they have reposed
in you, look to you for wise and
judicious legislation.
During the year now drawing
rapidly to a close, we have been
exempt from a pestileuce and fam
iue, and from unusual suffering of
every kind. Our people have en-joyed
the blessinga ol civil and re-ligions
liberty, rad they bavapros-pered
to a greater or less degree in
.•very department of Industry. We
have abundant rause to be griteful
to (iod for His manifold mercies
SDd blessings. The earth has
brought forth her fruits in due sea
son, and all who have been indus
'nuns and economical have pros
pered, having generally received
lair compensation for their labor.
1'eace has prevailed everywhere
within our borders. Wo have noth-ing,
therefore, in the heavens or in
the earth itself of which we have a
right to complain, for both have
TREASURY DEPARTMENT.
[ respectfully recommend to your
caretul consideration the interesting
n-port of D. A. Jenkins, Public
Treasurer.
It becomes my duty to say that
Treasurer Jenkins has voluntarily
retired from the office he has filled
with consummate skill and ability
tor more than eight years past lie
lias managed the financial affairs
ot the State honestly and safely
through all the difficulties and em-barrassments
by which he has often
been surrouuded. He has been an
honest and faithful public officer,
and in retiring to private life, he
leaves a record ot which he may
well be proud.
bloken, Ran-
S.Cin nil and i
* . \ Hll tO
■ the gtala, aud to I
: Court Hou... I been propitious to us. It r
I OilOMT.
Kilmer
ATTORNEYS AT LAW.
I KKBUFTCT,
ro, oppnaita
I
l Courte.
dtara in
• ler Inter-
: Waatan
1 -lions in
licited.
I05:ly.
L - i -... i . ii i . w ii : i i: r. , AI nvl KI.L.
•-( oil' A CALDH ELL
' ii.| i N c.
\\ t Suparior ( unri of
>> i .. David-
. I Mi ., an-
I
, G
a courta
•
.■: - nj IIli.i.i-v
for us only to go torward in the
path of duty, without any vain re-grets
for what is passed, prepared
to use and improve the present, aud
to act our part in a cheerful and
I opefnl spirit iu the future which
lies before us.
CONDITION OF PUBLIC TREASU
The financial condition of the
State claims the careful attention
and consideration of the General
Assembly.
The following statement shows
balance in hands of Public Treas-urer
Oct. 1st, 1870, and the amount
I of receipts and disbursements of
! the Public Treasurer for the fiscal
year ending September 30th, 1876 :
Italance in hands ot State
Treaannr, Oct. 1, 1876.
Educational fund,
Pnblio Fund,
.1(1. W. G l.r.NN.
ATTORNEY AT LAW
/,-., '.. ('.
\\* M of lli?
ttlODti >U given to
ll
])" it. K l.reirorj
1 i II TILLY
• Ills
PKOFKSSIONAI, SERVICES
■ ' Greensboro.
ri'ES THE SAME AS THOSE
Licing
' i'y
;«>ll\ A. BARRINGEB,
■ . i AT LAW,
V. ''.
■ lorta of Chatham,
? U.n.l'.iTs
I-4.7U3 11}
Raoeipt* of Education fund
fnrti-ral year ending Sept.
30th, 1876,
Receipts of Public Fund for
fiaoa] vesx ending Sept.
30th, IS70.
Disbursement of Educa-tional
Food for ti*cal year
ending Sept. 30th L876,
LliaburHeuient of Public
Fund, jcar ending Sept.
3Utb, ltflli,
| 42,936 69
524,9311 I7J
$ 5*6,274 7iij
$ 205,017 06
164,101 :>:i
528,056 93
1582,758 15
S 1..-J 4t
1-".-.-: m
lolph.
' In lii-, hands will be
1 1 to.
. i - l'lioiograpb
■ ilouee.
Leaving in hand* Public
Treaaurer, Oct. 1, 1-T"
Educational Fund
Public Fin d,
STATF IIEI1T.
Ih- bonded debt of the State on the 1,
Orl. 1-Tli, was a* follows:
Homl* ii.Mi.-d before the
war, called "old Bonds," i 8,35
i ■-;.-■ unpaid on aame, 4,003,777 60
SBICUOBl .
■ :. & GREGORF,
ATTORNEYS A T L AW
. ,'.'m/.-,
I- . &BORO, N. I .
Federal
.:i be al-ii.'.'
Ii. '76-lT.
I. A. A, R. F. ROBERTSON,
BURGEON DENTISTS,
Total, principal and interaat,$12376,67740
ISomli- issneti since th* war
under acts passed before
the war.
Interest unpaid oil same,
il.7si.000
807,180
A. C.
at tl;tii
.<ir«,4-r.
■
il«mml. 213 tf
BonJs JNHncd since the war
iMiii>r ordinanci' aud acts
paHMtnl aino» the war not
■peoilb] tax.
Interest unpaid ou eame,
'I'lli- claM omhrace» the fol-lowing
issues.: Wilming-ton,
Cuai-Iort** & Ruth-i-ford
Kailroa<l, insued du-ring
t..e war under acts
passed before tbewar.aud
renewed by acts of 1865
and 1867,
| ■,\4-*M-o
$ 2,015,045
921.133 05
$'.',XtG,I7.':»-
9 405,000
Ml l»l< \r ♦ Vltll. The under-
■ ■' to bis friends
• served t'nr the
f his pro-
I l | ..-■ u'.\
gfa *.i arse m•
I MALKfl,
■ I t niNtru-
:ii this
!!■ -, also, |>!.'-
-\ ear.
>t the l>rug
A , when not
W GLENN
I ■- ) N.'us-
M! . PAPER
of nearly
. ( - trs
Registered sertifieatee of
Hoard of F.ducatioD, t a-:i,045
Chatham Kailroad, Ordi-nauces
Convention, 1,0311,1)00
Williauistnn A Tarboro
Kailroad, 150,000
lVuiteritiary, 41,000
$ 2,016,045
MiindN issues under Fund-inn
Acts ot 1866-'68 as fol- I lows :
Funding *cts»f 180 . $2,417,200
Interest unpaid on same, 1,157,793
» 3,;.T4,;r.«3
Funding Act of 1868, 1,702,900
Interest unpaid on smie. -1H.J.VJ
!• 2^22,152
Total fur Funding, • 6,097,145
IJuiids issued diiriig the war
uuder acta passed before
the im, for internal im-provement
purposes, in-elnding
$215,000 for Chat,
bam 1;. . . ned ua-d^
r ordinance ol Coo I'en-lion,
Jan. -.'nth, ltHJ-i. 51,000
lateresi nnpaid on same, 692,986
Total principal and interest, 8 1,543986
Special Tan Bonds,
Interest unpaid on same,
Total principal and interest, $16,304,770
{ T 111)
i
-• J.'.
IABLE.
• ,i:l>,
:s ('
Total debt including interest
exclusive ol ipeeial lax, 186,542,16045
1'ilal debt with interest in-cluding
"Special Tax"
Bond-, $41,846,930 4i
ri MUM; ACT or L874-T5.
Nothing has jet been done under
the act passed by the last General
Assembly to compromise the State
• lebt. The amount of our State
bonds held by the lew creditors
who signified their willingness to
accept the proposed compromise
■ as so small that it, was not deemed
advisable to incur the ezpeuse of
having new bonds prepared, and of
levying a special tax upon all the
taxable property of the State, lor
the purpose of paying the interest j urer pays to the University .-T^uo
on such a small amount. It is very j per annum for that purpose,
importaut that we should com-1 The University was opened for
promise, commute aud settle the ] the reception of students on the
State debt; so that our financial | 10th of September ISTo, under its
conditiou may be the better known ] new organization and it is now in
both at home and abroad, and our , successful operation with 11 on.
k. Mo to any pU0|jc credit again established upon '. Kemp I'. liattle as President and
. 1 ■ .' ,ilt'8, * _»1_* 11 C J> C • suuml basis. , an able corps of 1 iu:<—i>.
HOI *i;:
l.KLKNSBOKO, \. C.
• DUX ot
B tO tilt'
il Kev*>-
N'TLY LOCATED.
'ABLE
I uoms are
I
$1.50 PER DAY.
M»nth on
•Habit Ti mi.
THE AUDITOB S DEPARTMENT.
The Auditor's reports show the
receipts the disbursements at the
Public Treasury tor the two fiscal
years ending September 30 1S7C,
and I res|>ectfully invite your at-tention
to the same. The Auditor's
office is one of the most important
offices in the State, and I take
pleasure in bearing testimony to
the manner iu which the duties of
that office have been discharged.
MANUFACTURES.
While all material wealth comes
from the soil, aud while the interest
of the tanner should, therefore, be
first considered, we should at the
same time give attention and ex-tend
our fostering care to the man
ulactures and the Mechanic srts.
North Carolina pays annually to1
foreign countries and to her sister
State! millions of dollars for man-ufactured
articles, which should be
produced here at home. We have
the raw material, or the means of
producing the raw material for
nearly every fabric for which we
pay thus largely t o other com-munities
aud regions. I t may
be assumed that we manufacture
our own tobacco, and supply a
large surplus thereof to other por-tions
of the world the proceeds ot
the sales of which constitute the
basis of no small part of the finan-cial
prosperity of the State; but
while this is so, and while I would
commend the tobacco manufactur-ers
tor their skill.energy and indus-try,
yet I would nt the same time
urge that more and more capital
$198,94389] anil skill be employed in other
branches ot domestic manufactures.
Wo ought to manufacture and
supply ourselves with a large pro-portion
of our woolen clothes of
all kinds, especially ot the coarser
and more substantial kinds.
We ought to spin and weave at
least one-half of our cotton crop,
which cannot be less'ban L'00,000
bales per annum. We ought to
manufacture our own iron from the
vast beds of ore which we have iu
various part of the State, some of
which are uot excelled for quality
i Isewhere in tim < arth.
We ought to get out and use
more of our timber, and send more
of it than we do, to the markets ot
the world. We ought to direct
wry much more of our attention
and energies to the great work of
building up a home market for our
people, aud of thus living more
within ourselves.
A policy of this kintl would ben-efit
every interest, and would espe-cially
redown to the advantage and
prosperity of the farmers, by creat-ing
a demand here at home for their
products.
It would also save millions of
dollars i>er annnm to the State,
which are now expended outside
our borders, and which constitute
a constant draiu upon our wealth.
It would also diversify labor and
give employment to all classes ol
our people, without which we can-not
hope to advance rapidly in in-telligence
and wealth.
I cannot gentlemen too strongly
commend this subject to your atten-tion
and consideration.
IMMIGRATION.
I beg leave to renew and urge the
recommendations heretofore made
bv my predecessors and myself on
the subject of immigration. >"o
State has a finer climate than North
Carolina, and her soil is rich aud
so varied that nearly all the fruits
aud products ot the earth common
to our country can be cultivated
and realized here by the hand of
industry. Besides, we have inex
baustible deposits of the most valu-ble
minerals; we have water power
in the greatest abundance for turn
ing machinery ; aud we have vast
forest of tho best timber thus lar
barely touched bv the hand of man.
In a word, there is uo legion of the
earth, so far as climate and mineial
resources are concerned, which is
more inviting than our State is to
the immigrant. I leel sure that
your legislation will be such as to
hold out inducements to immigrants
to settle among us, to become as
| one of our people, aud thus labor
with those of us who are already
here, and who expect to remain to
develop our resources, to build up
our industries of all kinds and to
render our State more and more
piosperous, enlighted and wealthy.
UNIVERSITY.
The last General Assembly pass-ed
an act directing the Public
Treasurer to issuo to the Trustees
of the University, a certificate ot
indebtedness for one hundred and
twenty live thousand dollars, with
interest at six per cent., payable
semi annualU, on the 1st days ot
Jauuary and July iu each year, out
of any moneys In the Treasury, not
otherwise appropriated, the iiiterest.
to be used by said Trustees iu sup-port
of the University.
Uuder this act the Public Treas
til.-HIT,cue
I.-'.IT ,770
Depot Fiee.
.1. B. FIELD.
i. same b!nck
PENITENTIARY.
I respectfully invite your atten-tion
to the biennial Kej-ort of the
Board of Directors, Architect, Dep-uty
Warden, Stewart and Physi
cian, for the two years ending Octo
her 31st, 1876. The report of the
Hoard of Directors shows in a plain
aud business-like mauner the prac-tical
operations of the Penitentiary,
from which it will be seen that
much valuable work has been done
on and about that Institution, al-though
a large number of the best
couvict laborers have been seut off
to work on public works. During
the last two years the work on Pen-itentiary
has progressed about as
much as could reasonably be expec-ted
nnder all circumstances.
There has been erected within
the prison enclosure a strong cell
buil.ling, coutainiug 04 cells for
prisons.
The building is of brick with iron
doors and frames, and is now ready
for occupation.
The brick used in its constrnc
tion were made by convict labor,
aud all the stoue-work was cut by
convicts. There has also been erect-ed
ouo section of the cell block iu
the main building the larger por-tion
of the bricks having been laid
by convicts. And the iron doors
and frames for the same were man-ufactured
within the prison enclos-ure,
by convicts, at less than one
half of the original contract price.
The foundation for another cec-tiou
of cells, has been laid and the
first aud second stories built. The
irou doors and frames have been
made and are ready for this section
also.
In compliance with an act of the
Geueral Assembly the Directors ol
the Penitentiary furnished 332 cou
riots to the Commissioners of the
Western North Carolina Railroad
and have built lor them three sets
of quarters.
The value of the labor of the con-victs
already on that road is prob-ably
*100,U00. The State is bouud
to teed, clothe, and guard them.
The increase of the number of
convicts, the increase of the gnard
and overseers have created a de-ficiency
of #21,078.97 for which the
Directors ask an immediate appro-priation,
to meet the present wants
of the prison.
The Directors of the Penitentiary
formed out to the Spaitauburg anil
Asbeviile Kailroad Company 200
convicts for the period of 2 years.
That was done mainly because the
appropriation lor the Penitentiary,
made by the last General Assem
bly, was sufficient to support all the
convicts. The Company agreed to
feed, clothe, guard and furnish med-ical
attention to the prisoners let to
them and in addition pay to the
prison Directors the sum of $31.20
per capita per year, and have given
a bond for the faithful performance
of the contract and all of the provi-sions
of the contract have been
faithfully observed and the quar-terly
payments promptly made.
There is a foundry and Machine
Shop connected with the Penitenti-ary
which has been proved to be
both necessary and valuable.
The work in this shop both as to
quality and quantity has been very
satisfactory. All the work is done
by the convicts and all the iron
work required for the building is
made here.
The blacksmith shop has been
kept busy manufacturing tools re-quired
in quairying stone and for
other purposes. The labor is per-formed
by convicts.
In the shoe shop they are now
manufacturing all the shoes worn
by the convicts within the prison
enclosure, also for those employed
mi the different railroads in the
State. It is believed that a small
amount of money invested in ma-chinery
lor manufacturing shoes
would yield a largo return; but ow-ing
to the limited means on hand
this importaut branch of business
has not yet been very extensively
carried on.
In accordance with the require-ments
of the General Assembly,
the Directors of the Penitentiary
furnished 50conviotsto the Insane
As\ him at Raleigh, who were em-ployed
in the manufacture of brick
used in the erection of a new kitch-en
for that institution. The Direc-tors
of the Penitentiary also fur-nished
the Directors of the Wes-tern
Insane Asylum at Morganton
flO convicts, who were employed in
making bricks and grading grounds
for that institution.
The Penitentiary Board ot Direc-tors
furnished the North Carolina &
Georgia Bail Road Company 50
convicts.
Tins road will form a part of the
Western Division of the Western
North Carolina Railroad, leading
tinm Asbeviile to Murphy, in Cher-okee
country, and lhence via the
Georgia Road to Marietta, Georgia.
This Company is composed of
citizens of Georgia and North Caro-lina,
aud the State of Georgia is
"oiking its convicts ou the road to
the North Carolina line, while our
people iu Cherokee county agreed
to take npon themselves the troub-ble
aud expense of transporting,
feeding and clothing, guarding fur-nishing
medical attendance to the
convicts for their labor.
The Hoard of Directors also farm-ed
out to Matthews & Co., lessees
of the New Hanover work bouse, 30
couvicts lor the balance of their
term ; they agreeing to feed, clothe,
guard and give medical attention to
the convicts for their labor.
I respectfully invite you, gentle
men, to visit the Peuiteutiary any-time
at your leisure, aud see for
yourselves what has been done, and
the management and progress of
this important State work.
I deem it due to truth aud jus-tice
to say that I have had no cause
of complaint against any of the oil-cers
aud managers of the Penitenti-ary
(lining the last two years. 1
believe they have been honest and
faithful in the dischargejof their du-ties,
aud I cherish none but
kindest feeling for them all.
AMENDMENT OF THE CRIMINAL
CODE.
Justice requires that each crime
shall be punished according to its
grade, and uot according to an
arbitrary law that would punish a
small crime as much as a great one;
and as there are grades and degrees
ot crime, so there should be grades
and degrees iu the amount of pun
ishment. We are informed by the
Divine law, which upholds and sus-tains
the eternal principles of jus-tice,
that every man shall be judged
aud rewarded according to his
deeds.
There is a white man in the Peni
tentiary, sent there for a term of
ten years, for stealing a Bible while
druuk. There is a youth in the
Penitentiary for a term of three
years for stealing one goose, valued
at ten cents. There is another in
the Penitentiary for a term of three
years for receiving a stoleu chicken.
Such punishments for such offences
are unjust, cruel, monstrous and
absurd.
Under the law as it now stands,
according to the decision of the Su-preme
Court, assault and battery,
even an assault with a deadly
weapon, with intent t o com-mit
murder is not a Peuiteutiary
crime.
INSANE ASYLUM.
The interesting report of Dr.
Kugeno Grissom, Superintendent
of the Insaue Asylum, shows the
condition of that Institution for
the last two official years, to which
I respectfully invite your attention.
The report lor 187C shows that
the total number ot admissions since
the opening ot the Asy'om on the
23d day of February, 1806, is one
thousand one bundled and seventy-three;
the total number of dis-charges
for the same time is nine
hundred and nine, of whom three
hundred and two were cured : one
hundred aud fourteen improved ;
one hundred and eighty unim-proved
: and three hundred and
thirteen died—leaving uow nnder
treatment two hundred aud sixty-lour.
The last General Assembly puss
ed an act authorizing the Board of
Directors of the Insane Asylum to
erect a new kitchen with sufficient
store room connected therewith to
accommodate provisions and sup-plies
for the institution. The act
provided that so mnch ol the ap
propriation made for the yean 187."
and 1876 should be applied by the
Board of Directors to the immediate
construction of a suitable kitchen
connected with and for the benefit
of the Asylum; the snm for that
purpose was not to exceed $5,000 ;
the act also authorized the employ-ment
of such convict labor from the
Penitentiary as should be necessary
lor the erection of said kitchen.—
Prom twenty-five to fifty convicts!
were employed, and the "building is
now completed.
The last General Assembly passed
'• an act to provide another As] lum
for the Insane of North Carolina,
to be located within three miles of
Morganton, North Carolina, and
known as the Western Insane Asy-lum.
The act appointed five Com-missioners
to purchase for the State
a suitable tract of land for tbi pur
pose, to superintend its construc-tion,
and appropriated 950,000 for
the year 1875, aud 925,000 for the
year 1870, all of which has been
paid out of the Public Treasury.—
The act also provides that the Com-missioners
may employ such con-victs
in the Penitentiary as can be
spared by the authorities of the
same and can be made available.—
A report of the progress of the
work on said Asylum will be made
in a short time.
The last General Assembly passed
also " an act to provide for the
colored Insane of North Carolina,"
and appropriated $10,000 per an-num
to the establishment at the
Marine Hospital building at Wil-mington,
North Carolina of a branch
Asylum tor the colored insane, and
their support ami treatment : but
nothing has been done under said
act for their benefit.
1 respectfully and earnestly rec-ommend
the establishment of an
asylum for the colored insane, un-der
the same rules, regulations and
treatment as white patients. The
colored race compose a large part
of our pepulation and help to sup-port
onr government, and they an-as
liable to become insane as the
white race.
Although they were kept in bond-age
and ignorance for more than
two hundred years before their
emancipation,yet they contributed
largely to improve this country and
increase its wealth and prosperity.
They live among us, and we hope
they will stay and enjoy with ns
the benefits and blessings of a fiee
Republican government, of equal
laws and equal rights to all.
If the white race compose two-thirds
of our population, and there
are two asylums for the support of
the white insane, surely the colored
race, composing ouethiid of the
population, ought, in justice, to
have oue asylum for the support of
the colored insane. The subject
should appeal strongly to the hu-mauity
and charity ol the General
Assembly, and I hope the appeal
will uot be made in vain.
reasunablT
the I mane teacher* and matrona, who -«
regard tbeir protection and welfare with
a« much intereat and anxiety aa if thev
were their own children.
The financial condition of the inatito-tion
is aa fa»orable aa conld
be expected.
On the 1, day of November, 1874,
there waa a balance in the
hands of the Treaanrer of $5 097 01
tfx appropriation for two years
a
WM, 90,000 00
special appropriation.
Received from shoe ahop,
Mincellaneoua sonrces,
From interest,
11,000 00
2,020 8f,
75815
80 00
Total,
There has been expended for
all purpoaee,
1101,355 41
85,931 41
DEAF AND DUMB AND THE BLIND.
I respectfully call your attention
to the report of the Principal of tho
North Carolina institution for the
Deaf aud Dumb and Bliud.
The number of pupils enrolled
during the last two years has beeu :
Iieafaml Dumb males S'j; f„uiales oo 148
Blind males 51 ; temalos 42, '.'a
Total, 'ill
The average attendance for the pa-t two
vears has boon about £10, MHMtiiBos more
and sometimes less.
The health of the pupils hts been good,
and they all seem to be contented and bup-py.
'They are taken care of by kiud sod hu-
Leaving a balanoe in the hands
of the Treasurer, November 1,
W,''of $15,36141
Ont of this balance mast come
the support of the Institution for
the months of Novsmber and De
cember, 1876, as the appropriations
made by the General Assembly run
from the 1st of January of each
year.
This noble Charity of the State
has done and is doing much good
for those unfortunate objects of onr
charity aud pity, who are deprived
of the great blessings of language,
or sight and of hearing.
I heartily recommend them to
your favorable and generons con-sideration
and support.
WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA RAIL-ROAD.
The last General Assembly pass-ed
"An Act in relation to the Wes-tern
North Carolina Railroad, which
act appointed the Governor of the
State of North Carolina, Roberts,
Armfield, and James L. Robinson
commissioners to purchase the Wes-tern
North Carolina Railroad, and
all pioperty appertaining thereto
at a sale thereof, made under a de-cree
ot the Circuit Court of the
United States, at Greensboro, in
the Western District of North Car-olina,
and any claims against the
Western North Carolina Railroad
which might be necessary to secure
the State of North Carolina a per-fect
and indefeasible title to the
said North Carolina Railroad and
all its property and franchises, for
a sum not exceeding $850,000; and
to pay for it said commissioners
were fully authorised and instruct-ed
to issue bouds in the name of
the Western North Carolina Rail-road
Company of the denomina-tion
of $1,000 each, in the usual
form of mortgage bonds, bearing
interest at tho rate of seven per
cent, per annum payable semi-au-nually,
and duo at fifteen years
from date, signed by the chairman
and countersigned by the secretary
of said com mission, and sealed
with the seal of the company. The
coupons as they become due on
said bonds, are made receivable in
payment ot any taxes or other dues
to the State. For the purpose of
securing the payment of the bonds
and interest as the same may be
come dne, the said commissioners
were empowered to execute and de-liver
mortgage deeds with power of
sale as provided by the act Hon.
David A. Jenkins late Public
Treasurer, was agreed ou as Trus-tee.
The act provided for the appoint-ment
of three commissioners to
manage said road and its affairs
during the pleasure of the General
Assembly, and to build aud com
plete the same to its termini at
Paint Rock and the Georgia or Ten-iii
■• -1 e line, near Dticktowu, accord-ing
to the charter of said Western
North Carolina Railroad Company
and the acts amendatory thereof.
The act required tht Commissioners
appointed before eutering upon
their duties to execute a bond pay
able to the State of North Carolina
to be approved by the Governor, in
a sum necessary to secure the Stats,
but in no case less than double the
amonnt ot the net earnings for the
precedent year.
The Western North Carolina Rail-road,
property franchises, including
road-bed, superstructure, equip-ment
and all its real and personal
estate, was sold at public sale, at
the Court House in Salisbury, on
the 22nd day of Jnne, 1S75. After
the was duly confirmed by the Cir-cuit
Court, and a good and lawful
title conveyed to the State, I ap-pointed
Wallace W. Rollins, ot
.Madison, W. S. Pearson, of Burke,
and William P. Canaday, of New
Hanover, and took a separate bond
lor $25,000, with sufficient security
from each Commissioner, to protect
the interest of the State. The act
provides that said Commissioners
shall have such convicts as are not
necessary for completing the peni-tentiary
for laborers tinon the unfin-ished
portion Of the Western North
Carolina Railroad as they may re-quire,
and may use such portion of
the net earnings of the road in its
construction as they may deem
proper.
By order of !he Circuit Court of
the United States lor the sale of
the Western North Carolina Rail-road,
the purchaser was required
to pay $10,000 iu cash on the day
ot sale, which was done. As soon
as a perfect ami indeteasible title
to said road could be secured to the
State, and as soon as the necessary
arrangements could be made for
taking care ot convicts, they were
put to work on the road. The Di-rectors
ot tho Penitentiary have
furnished the Commissioners of the
Western N C. Road additional con-victs
at different times amounting
to 332. Mire might have been put
to work on that road, but the law
requires the Penitentiary to clothe
and guard them, and it has been
impracticable for the Penitentiary
to support the large and increasing
number of convicts out of the lim-ited
appropriation for that purpose
made by the last General Assem-bly.
So appropriation was made for
an active and vigorous prosecution
ot this great State work which has
been too long neglected, and which
ii destined to be of vast impor-tance
to the people of North Caro-lina.
Soon after we bad purchased
this road and commenced work upou
it with the limited means at our com
mand, some of the liberal and pa
tnotic citizens of Wilmington,
actuated by a commendable spirit
of State pride, which has ever
characterized the leading men of
SJf **• ™>lontarily contributed
*10,000, which paid for iron enough
to lay about three miles of new
track of the Western North Caro-lina
Railroad. When this road is
completed to the Tennessee line
near Dncktown through one of the
most valuable mineral regions in
the United States, where various
kinds ol ores are deposited in the
bosom of the earth in abundance
and where nothing bnt convenient
railroad facililities are necessarv
to unlock the strong vault of the
mountains, and open their golden
treasures to the world, and when
this is done, and when the East aud
West are united by iron ties, bv
the strong and indissoluble ties ol
a common interest, a common conn
try, North Carolina will then stand
as a giant in the gateway of the
nations enthroned in her prosperity
wealth and power.
The other branch of the Western
North Carolina Railroad down the
trench Broad River to Paint Rock,
on the Tennessee line, is also of
great public importance, and when
completed it will enable us to ex-tend
our trade and intercourse from
the Seaboard to the Mississippi
Valley and the great West.
COLLEGE FOR THE COLORED PEO-PLE.
The people of the State of all par
ties are gratified at the prospects
which are opening before the Uni
*"■%at Chapel Hill. We trust
the day will come when this insti
tution will be at once the pride and
ornament of the State, and wheu it
will eonfer greater advantages of
all kinds upon the white voang
men of the State, and npon society,
and upon the whole people by its
reflex action, than it has ever con-ferred
heretofore.
Bnt we cannot expect to prosper
'l\' t Il.j I -*.!>.>■> 1 - —-— LI .1
tries where every child is instructed
control and govern other lands
where only a partial system of edu-cation
is put in practice. The hope
of onr State rests with a more thor-ough
system of common schools.—
The position on which she will in
future hold in the Republic must
greatly depend upon the correct in-struction
given to the people. Our
children must be elevated in the
ecale of intelligence ere the per-petuity
of the Republic can be well
assured, and nothing should be per-mitted
to swerve ns from our efforts
to popularize education.
The plan of giving a free educa-tion
to every child of ordinary mind
m the United States is a noble one,
and deserving of the highest com-mendation.
Bnt in this State more
"specially there is great need that
many of our teachers should be bet-ter
taught. Therefore it is of prime
importance that there should be
some few High Schools or Graded
Schools established where our teach
ers for both races can be instructed
how to teach.
Every ohild has a right to an
education, and that education
should be such as will qualify the
child for any jtosition in life "which
it may be called to occupy.
Every one knows that an intelli-gent
workman is always worth more
than one who is ignorant of even
the rudiments of his vocation. It
is the purpose and aim of a com-mon
school system to prepare pupils
to discharge the dutiee of life with
credit to themselves aud their State.
Wheu that is accomplished, it will
promote the happiness aud safety
of the citizen and the nation. A
good system of common schools,
well carried out, will prove itself
the friend of man and the best of
human agencies for the preserve
tion of free government on earth.
GRADED SCOOLS.
Allow me call yonr attention to
the importance of graded school.
Several of these schools have been
established in this State and they
are conferring signal benefits on
the conmmunities in which they ex-ist.
The education which is re-ceived
in these schools begins with
the rudiments for the little children
and gradually ascen Js until the lar-ger
and older scolars are thorough-ly
instructed iu the higher branch-es
of learning, thus fitting them for
the active business of lite without
umber instruction, or preparing
them for college, where they mav
make still further and higher pro-gress
in learning and knowledge.
We should have many schools of
this kind in the State for both r«.
aud justice. About ten y
the Congress of the United States
donated to this State a certain
quantity of public lands, to be ap-plied
to the support of an agricul-tural
college. This donation was
nade on the basis of population.
by the General Assembly authori-zing
cities aud towns of more than
fifteen hundred inhabitants to tax
themselves by a majority vote to
support graded schools in which the
opportunity for an education shall
*r:™??-*.Par
1
t.of„onr P°l)ala themselves, according to the Con-stitution
and laws of this State.
SECRETARY OF STATE.
The Secretary ot State, in his re-port,
makes some suggestion aud
recommendation which I think
worthy of your attention and con-sideration.
I believe that the rec-
"°n as represeuted in Congress.
The scrip for these lands h?s
been sold, and the amonnt recei red
namely, one hundred and twenty-five
thousand dollars, has been ap-plied
exclusive to the support of the
University at Chapel Hill. The
people of the State, including the
tlftho 2L°°l0!!' a^e a,innal|.v taipd I orda, books aud papers in the office
flwl h„n?T nf ■eI,n thon«and ' "f Secretary of State have been
terest the stlln"8' ^ W,ay ?f iU; ' *"*** i"Tan^d "' re8ar<1 *» <*■
,-f . « £ 0ne '"■"d1,6"1 an"1' '"er, system and convenience. The
wenty-flve thousand dollars refered Secretary has with mnch labor ar-
»;8!,L amonnt thl", rais««l >>.v ranged the records and papers of
H'°°?n.a", the People, is ap-1 his office according to counties and
lied exclusively to the benefit of! in alphabetical order, so that they
II MI Tto- Uu,",ersity at Uhapel , can now be conveniently referred
Hill. It is right to do this, while to. 1 respectfully call your atten-
.ittnesame time no provision is I tion to the limited space allowed to
made for a college for the colored the Secretary oi State lor keeping
n accordance with and preserving the records of his
;islature authorized the
jieople. Is it
justice to devote all of this interest office,
to the race of onr people, and neg- The Let
ectthe other racef I am aware Secretary to sell the sarplus laws,
mat suggestions of this kind are journals and documents, which ha
not agreeable to some of onr people ! has done.
aud that in making them I am snb-; Letters are frequently received
myself to animadversion, from foreign governments asking
and even to reproach, bnt I am
here in the Executive Chair not to
consult popularity at the expense ot
principle, but to do what I believe
to be right.
an exchange of official publication
with our State, which requests can-not
be complied with, as there no
law authorizing such exchange.
I They frequently offer in exchange
i, therefore, respectfully recom-, for our books valuable and interest-mend
that steps be taken by this I ing works, but we canuot exchange
General Assembly to provide for without means and authority,
the establishment of a college for , I respectfully call your atte
the education of the colored vouth
of the State.
EDUCATION.
I respectfully invite your atten-tion
to the interesting reports of the '
Superintendent of Public Instruc-!
tion.
Education is of the greatest value
and importance to tho people, and
it should receive the cordial appro-nation
and encouragement of all.
The following is the most reliable '
information at present in relation
to school statistics in North Caro-lina
:
Male white children of school age, 1S8/5S0
Female white children of school
ttention
to the purchases stationery made
by the Secretary for the State for
year 1876, and of carpets for the
-Supreme Court room. I recom-mend
that a thorough and search-ing
investigation be made into his
official dealings and transactions
involved in the purcnases referred
to. The Secretary of State de-mands
this investigation in the
name of justice, that the truth may-be
known in regard to the manner
' in which he has discharged his du-ty
in this respect.
149,930
Total of white children,
Male colored children of school
Female
school
colored
»ge>
children of
248,510
".,410
Total No. af colored children, 158,998
Total No. of childran of school age, 4Ul,5un
White school districts,
(.'ulured school districts,
Total,
Public school houses for white chil-dren.
Private school houses for white
children.
Public school houses for colored
children,
Private school houses for colored
children,
Total,
Academies for white children.
Academies for colored children,
Colleges for white children,
Colleges for colored children,
White male teachers in public
schools,
White female teachers in public
schools,
Colored mala teachers in public
schools,
Colored female teachers in public
schools,
2,702
1,373
4,074
1/334
546
1,371
lOu
3,W0
169
5
22
2
1,294
689
S8S
2,*94
STATE LII1RARY.
I recommend to your considera-the
re|>ort of Thotras R. Parnell,
late State Librarian, repeating for-mer
recommendation for the erec-tion
of a suitable building for a
State Library.
1 recommend the erection of a
a suitable building on Capitol
Square for a Supreme Coort room
and a State Library.
BESIGKA.TIONS AND AITOI.VI MKNIS.
Anderson Mitchell, Judge of the
10th Judicial District resigned
June 20. 1875.
D. M. Furches was appointed his
successor in office, August 2d, 1875.
Stephen D. Pool, Superintendent
of Public instruction, resigned
June 50, 1876.
Hou. John Pool was appointed
, his successor in office, July 1, 1876.
Hon. Thomas Settle, Associate
Justice ol the Supremo Court, re-signed
July 31, 1870.
W. T. Faircloth was appointed
in office, November is, 1876,
Thomas R. Pnrnell, State Libra-rian,
resigned Nov. 6, 1876,
James F. Taylor, was appointed
■ his successor iu office, November
18, 1876.
Hon. D. A. Jenkins, Public
Treasurer, resigned, to take effect
November, 22, 1876.
I have appointed Dr. John M.
Worth, Public Treasurer, from and
after that date.
CONCLUSION.
In c'osiug this my last regular
message)! commend to your caie
Total,
It is the main purpose in any sys-tem
of education, to teach the chil-dren
bow to think and to think ac-curately.
When we look into the
causes which make and nnmake in-dividuals
and nations, we may dis-cern
that intellectual and moral
culture are both essential to make
a useful citizen. All those ccun- 'and protection the interests of the