The Greensborough patriot [February 13, 1862]

              I
I II—-
■ I i H T A mix ♦ j
VOL. XXIII.
ILIiLISUEU WEKKLV. BY
M, S. SHERWOOD,
EDITOR AND PROPRIKTOR.
TERMS, 82.00 A YEAR I* ADVANCE.
Kate* of Ad vert Ulna;.
, L,„,,rf for ihe first we«k, and
..' rv'„eek thereafter. Twelve
--, mnke a s-mquaarrec- Deductions mad* in
S ..0.-TRB. e «««B«. 1 I.A»
$5.50 $8.00
10.00 14.00
| > 15.00 30.00
GREENSBOROUGH, N. C, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 13, 1862. NO. 1,185
tho war
tl)erc is
and
ono
the
the
that
District, in this County. All of these are
base slanders without foundation, put
forth by cowardly original secessionists,
no doubt, to justify their refusal to go to
the war.—Standard.
Battle of IWanaimaa, July 21, MM*
REPORT OF (JES JOHNSTON.
Headquarters. Army of the Potomac, 1
Faiifax C. H., Oct. 14, 1861. j
To the Adjutant and Inspector General
Confederate State* Army :
SIR : 1 have tho honor to submit to the
honorable Secretary of War a report of the
operations of the troops under my com-mand
which terminated in tho battle of
Manassas. _
1 assumed command at Harpor's Ferry
on the 23d of May. The force at that point
then consisted of nine rogiments and two
battalions of infantry, four companies of
artille.y with sixteen pieces without cais-isrr.
ess or horses and ab >ut three
were, of
course,
sons,
hundred cavalry. Tbey undisciplined, several regiments without
accoutrements and with an entirely inade-quate
supply of ammunition.
1 lo-t no time in making a complete
recon noisancc of the place and its environs
in which the Chief Engineer Major (now
Whiting ably assis-
Wlilwkey.
|„ i!.. enterprises <>l industry in
S'.uvU. rtimalated by
i 1 the times,
„o taking tho lead of all others.
i ufacture and sal" of whiskey.
:- this branch of industry in
I that contraband grog-fchops
:; .. up .very where in the city.
. tho retail >■( ••vhiskoy have
-i.e-l not only in the back rooms
v "grocers" and confectionary
.. even in more reputable cstablisb-
; lr»de. An instanceoccurrednot
in t|io examinations before the
,,„n. whereit was found that a
id beenenticed by the enormous;
,„,,„•„ ,.„ whiskey to estnbhsh in rear of; ^ .^
,, s -|l0|, :leontraband grocery. I he ad-: Tfae ilJon is untenablo by any force ' to be outflanked, scarcely losing a man,
ventar cost him bib life, for he was killed I Btr£nj£ enough to take tho field against i bringing nfTforty-tive prisoners.
,,„ affray at bis own bar | invad> *, and l0 nold both sides i Upon this intelligence the army strength-1
not only tbe smirking bar-kee- j , . p.,.^^,, T* :.. - ...:«....ia <»na;.Ui on« bo the arrival i
,,...;,::i unlicensed retailers who thrive
with his brigade, was sent to tho neigh-borhood
of Martinsbnrgto support Colonel
Stuart. The latter officer had been placed in
observation on the line of the Potomac with
his cavalry. His unceasing vigilance and
activity were relied on to repress small in-cursions
of the enemy, to give intelligence
of invasion by tbem,"and to watch, harass,
and circumscribe their every movement.—
Colonel Jackson was instructed to destroy
such of tho rolling stock of the Baltimore
and Ohio railroad a- could not be brought
off, and to have so much of it as could be
made available to our service brought lo
Winchester.
Major Whiting was ordered to plan de-fensive
works and to have some heavy
guns on navy carraiges mounted. About
twenty-fivo hum red militia, under Briga
dier General Carson, were called out from
Frederick and the neighboring counties, to
man them.
On the 2nd of July General Patterson
again crossed l ho Potomac. Col. Jackson
pursuant to instructions fell back before
him. In retiring he gave him a severe les-son
in the affair of Falling Waters. With
a battalion of tho 5th Virginia regiment
(Harper's) and Pendleton's Battery of
Field Artillery, he engaged the cnemys ad-vance,
skillfully taking a position where
the smallnoss of his forco was concealed, he
in-
Brigadior General)
ted The results confirmed my preconcoiv-1 engaged them for a considerable time
dieted a heavy loss and retired when about
but
position, wnicn.nowover, req
adequate occupation donblo ( numbers, | it was supposed, was closely following Col-:
We waited for him in this'
ttacked
was exposed to enfilade and reverse fires oil onel Jackson. We waited for him in IB
artillery from tho heights on the Maryland ■ position fmr days, hoping to be attack*
side of the river. Within that line the i by an adversary at least double our mil
operators in tho unsavory
tho wholesale dealers in <*tbe liquor
mid the manufacturers of the poison.
profits are enormoos. Wo are lold : ~[Je""~j'luc river tbe bv DUBa-ll,
ai distiller cl whiskey in this | d wa3 more faVorabio to a.! attacking ; bcr, but unwilling to attack him in a town
,.: actually making a profit oi four , J> tQ R defondin,r f0rco. The Potomac . so defensible as Martinsburg, with its solid ;
Han 'i day. 1 ho exploit is j ^ b<) casj|v cr0H8^d at many polnl8 aboyo | buildings, and enclosures of masonry.Con
f h
e* i and below, so that it is easily
mana ior too ..«i— £^ZA , f~~"£~ ",'„ is twenty miles from tho great route
supply; ant'
on
enough to make one anum
land for the liquid poison
we are informed that the run
the whiskey distillers has rai
turned. It
into
nnsylvaniai disappointment of our troops,
<
vinced at length that he would not approach
us I returned to Winchester, much to tho
who were
battle with tho invaders. Col.
I son's approach was I with his cavalry.as usual, remained
of the pour—fifty per cent, over recent, g<jn ^^Qut posilion tliat I the enemy.
; ,. j Valiev or to prevent General McClellan's! Before the 15th of July, the enemy s
It . bad enough to distress the poor in • ■ ;,£ General Patterson. These; force according to the b.tst intelligence to
the avarice of trade; J
. , ? ' the Valley of Virginia from Pennsylvania ! disappoin
isea tno , aiiJ Maryla|ldj by Which General Pa tier- j eager for
enaence ( ^^ B_proao|, Was expected. Its garri- . Stuart, w
re ! son was thus out of position to defend that! near the (
t! nines to glut
but when they arc robbed to feed the
.i , nation and vices of society, it is
rely abominable. O» >nneo ccaannnnoott go
Richmond. The
were the obvious and important objects to
bokeptin view. Besides being in position
lor them, it was nocessary to be able, on
be obtained, amounted to about SS.t'tiO.—
amiss for whiskey in
and filth of it reek along the streets.
It .- eating into the vitals ol our society;
it i- kill ng our soldiers, making brutes
ol air offii crs, "stealing the brains" of our
v rala, taxing our army with endless
court-martials, and shaking our great
atraggle mioa pandemonium of revelry,
an i mad license.
passes i !>'i' hmoud b
11 drunken riot may be heard on thestreets j
revellers pass Irons brothel, or reel I
the pavements searching for shelter:
and home One has only to go into tho!
the city and see hundreds of;
king young men, wearing the'
m ol their countiy's service, embru- j
liquor, convened into bar room ;
inds, and ruined perhaps forever, to r
; home to curse tho vice of drunken- |
id Lo pray God to save those dear
n in the army ol his country from a
r worse than denih at tho hands of {
.. ;iiy — Richmond Examiner.
Iajust lee to Officer* and Soldiers.
n passed by tho Legislature
Ours had been increased by eight Southern
regiments. OnthelSthof July, Colonel
Stoartreported the advance of Gen. Pat-ipation
oi narper s c oriy uy our
terson from Martinsburg. Hie halted, how-army
perloctly suited tho enemy's views.— ! ever, at Bunker's Hill, nino miles from
We were bound to a fixed point. His Winchester, where '
emergency, to join General Boauregard.
The occupation of Harper's Ferry by he remained on the
lGth. < »n the 10th he moved to his left, to
Smithfield. This created the impression
that he intended to attack us on the south,
or was merely holding us in check, while
General Beanregard should be attacked at
i
Rail
lurlough: also
place tho militia of Generals Carjon and
licem seemed ample ; for I thought it cer- '
tair- that General Patterson would follow :
my movement as soon as ho discovered it. ;
Evading him by the disposition made of the
within a fowhonra of Will:amaport, and I advance guard under Colonel Stuart tbe
Gen. McClellan's in Western Virginia, I army moved through Ashby's Gap to Pied-woto
supposed to be approaching to enact a ' mont a station ot tbe Manassas Gap I?ail-innctioD
with Patterson, whoso force was! road. Hence, the infantry were to be trans- j
reported, by well -informed persons, to be i ported by tho railway, while the cavalry
ses. The river was oDs>ervt
Point of Hocks to tbe western part of the
county ol Berkeley—tho most distant por-tions
by the indefatigable Stuart, with bis
cavalry. Gen. Patterson's >ops were
movoments wore unrestricted. These
views were submitted to the military au-thorities.
The continued occupation of the
place was, however, deemed by them in-dispensable.
1 determined to hold it until ucuv,«., ^.....g.. -.-
th an t tne groat object of tbe Government requir- Manassas by Gei eral Scott.
od its abandonment. About one o'clock on the morning of
Tho practicable roads from the West and July liSth. I received frcm the Government
Northwest as well as from Manassas meet a telegraphic dispatch, informing me -t hat
the route from Pennsylvania and Maryland the Northern army was advancing upon
at Winchester. That point was, therefore, Manassas, then held by General Beaure-in
my opinion, our best position. gard, and directing Etc to go to that officer's
The distinguished commander of the assistance, sending my sick to Culpepcr
army of tho Potomac was convinced, like | Cour House.
myself, of our dependence upon each other Jn the exercise ol the discretion confer-and
promised to co-operate with me in case ; red by the terms ol the order, I at oi.ee de-of
need. To guard against surprise, and to tei mined to marc h to join Gen. Beanregard.
imposo upon tho enemy, Major Whiting The best service which the army of the
was directed to mount a lew heavy guns Shcnandoah could render was to pre-upon
Furnace Ridge, and otherwise rent the defeat <f that of tho Potomac.—
Strengthen tbe position. To be able to do this, it was necessary in f
1 was employed until the 13th of June the first instance, to defeat Gen. Patterson
in continuing what had been began by my or to elude him. Tbe latter course was tho ,
i predecessor. Col. inow Major General) most speedy and certain, and was, there-;
last, provides "that tho : Jackson, the organization, instruction, aud ' fore, adopted. Our sick, nearly seventeen j
, ration of all necessary equipment of the troops, and providing J hundred in number, were provided for in'
-. provisions^ and mam- J mernsof transportation and artillery hor- J Winchester. For the defence of that;
' shed by private dona-' 8es The river was observed from tho
<i - ise ot the officers and soldiers
. % K . f North Carolina,
Suite; and also tho
.: ol soldiers v.-;.
t B-ddii r.^ honorably dischar-
-: rid lelurning by permission
imanding officers, be paid by
Tbia is tli<' law. No one has
i I angi or disregard it. Yet we
that the Adjutant General, in gran-or
approving furloughs, is in tho
nl adding a proviso that the officer
licr pay his own faro on the Rail-
The law says bis fare shall be paid |
Statj. Tbe soldier receives little
i any way for what he undergoes
mi try. When he wants to visit
- imily, and obtains a furlough for the
,! is hard for him to have to pay
Ut one or two months' wages—perhaps
all the money ho lias t-aved—for Railroad
The State owns two-thiri's of some
Roads, and one-halt ot tho others;
:. paving tho soldier's fare, sho pays
arge extent into her own pocket.
We have heard of one Boldier who was
put off the Central Road cars, becar.se.
he bad a furlough, ho hid no
■■ ilh which to pay his fare; and
ird Flag mentions another who
at night in a cold and dren-
Pavored officials, who pocket
- in the war-peace or pcacc-ihment
in Raleigh and else-
■††m ly look with indifiereoce on this
ut of the soldiers; but tho
lave a right to demand that tho
cei uted in good faith, as it stands
* b ok, and that no condi-ill
ho attached to it by tho Adju-
General or any one else. I;et every
who thinks jm-.per to claim the
while on furlough, be carried
;e, and let the Stale, as the
Iges her to do, pay
- have no more rig
than they wouu
debt.—Stan lard.
18,000 men.
On the morning of tho 13lh of June, infor-mation
was received from Winchester, that
Romney was occupied by -,00O Federal
troops, supposed to bo tho van-guard ot'
McClellan's army.
Col. A. P. Hill* with his own fl'.lth) and
Col. Gibbon's (10th) Virginia regiments,
was dispatched by railway to Winchester.
He was directed to move thence towards
Romney to take the best position and best
measures to check the advance of the ene-j the day
and artillery weie ordered to continue their
march. I reached Manassas about noon on '
the 20th,proceeded by the 7ti> and 8th!
Georgia regiments, and by Jackson's L>ri-gade,
consisting ot the 2d. -1th, 5th, 27th .
and 2iJd, Virginia regiments. 1 was
accompanied by Gen. L>ee, with the;
4th Alabama, and 24thand two companies
of the 11th Mississippi. The President of
the railroad company hod assured mo thai ;
the remaining troops should arrive during'
command
wbiob had
the
ust
my. He was to add to his
Third Tennessee regiment,
arrived at Winchester.
During that day and the next tbe heavy
baggage and remaining public property
were sent to Winchester by the railwaj . and
the bridges on tho Potomac destroyed.—
On the morning of the loth, the army left
Harper's Kerry for \\ inchester, (the force
his fare. Pob-ht
to repudiate
"lavo to rcpu-
« on! Slanders.
dome | are exceedingly anxious to
■derstood that tho Union senti-s,-:
in North Carolina, and
I our people aro disloyal. A
' correspondent ol the Petersburg
State>l lue oilier day that the
Kiizabeth City had resolved to
Lincoln forces without a
mother rumor was afloat that
I .i HI meeting was to bo hold in
rthampton County, and the "stars and
raised. A similar charge has
u inad« upou tho people of I.itllo .River
1 found General Beauregard's position
too extensive, and the ground too densely
wooded and intricate to bo learned in the
brief time at my disposal, and therefore de-termined
to rely upon his knowledge of it
and of tho enemy's position. This 1
did readily, from lull confidence in his capa-city.
llis troops were divided into eight biN
had been increased by these regiments I gades, occupying tbe defensive line of Bull
since the first of June,) and bivouacked | Run. Brig.Gen. Ewell's was posted at
four miles beyond Charleston. On the I the Union Mills Ford ; Brie. Gen. 1). R.
morning of the 16th intelligence was re-1 Jones at McLean's Ford ; Brigadier Gener-oeived
that General Patterson's army had , al J.onstreet's ai Blackburn's Ford; Brig,
crossed the Potomac at Williamsport, also 1 Gen. Bonham's at Mitchell's Ford: Col.
that tho United Slates force at Romney had , Cocko's at Ball's Ford, some three miles
tallen back. A courier fr.-m Richmond I above HandOol Kvana, with a regiment
brought a dispatch authorizing me toevacu-1 and battalion, lcrmcd the extensive left at
ato Harper's Ferry at my discretion. , Stone Bridge. 1 lie brigades ol Brig. Con.
The army was ordered to gain the Mar-tinsburg
Turnpike by a flank movement
to Bunker's Hill in order to place itself
between Winchester and tbe expected ad-vance
of Patterson. On hearing of this
the enemy recrossod the river precipitately.
Resuming my first direction and plan, 1
proceeded to Winchester. There the army
Holmes and Col. Early were in reserve in
rear of the right I regarded the arrival
of the remainder of the army of the Shc-nandoah
during the night as certain, and
Patterson with the Grand Army on the
22nd as probable. Daring tbe evening it
was determined, instead of remaining in
tho defensive position then occupied, to as
from the west or Patterson from the north-east,
and to form a junction with General
Beauregaid when necessary.
Lieutenant Colonel tieorgo Stewart,
with his Maryland battalion, was sent to
Harper's Ferry to bring off somo pobhc
property said to huve b^en left. As Me-
Clellun was moving south westward from
Gratton, Col. Hill's command was with-drawn
from Romney. The defence of that
region of country was entrusted lo Colonel
McDonald's regiment of cavalry. Intelli-gence
from Maryland indicating another
movement by 1'utleraou, Colonel Jackson,
was in position to oppose neither McClellan | sumo the offensive, and attack the enemy
before such a junction.
lieneial Beaurcg ird proposed a plan of
battle, which 1 approved without hesita-tion.
He drew up the necessary order dur-ing
the night, which was approved formal-ly
by me at half-past lour o'clock on the
morning of the -2!»t. The early move-ments
of the enemy on that morning, and
| the non arrival of the expected Hoops, pre-
! vented its execution. General Beauregard
afterwards proposed a modification of the
abandoned plan—to attack with our rights,
whilo the left stood on the defensive, This,
too, became impracticable, and a battle en-sued,
different ih place and circumstances
from any previous plan on our aide.
Soon after sunriae, on the morning of th'
21st, a light cannonade was opened upon
Col. Evan's position, a similar demonstra-tion
was made against tbe centre soon af-ter,
and strong forces were observed in
front of it and of the right. About eight
o'clock, Gen. Beauregard and 1 ploced our-selves
on a commanding hill inrearofGon.
Bonham's left—near nine o'clock the sig-nal
officer, Capt. Alexander, reported that
a large body of troops were crossing the
valley of Bui! Run, some two miles above
the bridge. Gen. Bee, who had been pla-ced
near Col. Cocke's position, Colonel
Hampton, with his legion, and Col. Jack-son,
from a point near General Bonham's
left, were ordered to hasten to the left
flank.
Tho signal officer soon called our atten-tion
to a heavy clon-d of dust to tbe north-west,
and about ten miles off, such as the
march of an army vould raise. This exci-ted
apprehensions of General Patterson's
approach.
The enemy, under cover of a strong dem-onstration
on our right, made a long do
tour through tho woods on his right, cross-ed
Bull Run two miles above our left, and
threw himself upon the flank and rear po-sition.
This movement was fortunately
discovered in time for us to check its pro-gress,
and ultimately to form a new line ol
battle nearly at ri^ht angles with tho de-fnsivo
Hue cf Bull Run.
On discovering that the enemy had cross-ed
the stream above him, Colonel Evans
moved \o his left with eleven companies
and two ticld-picces, to oppose his advance,
and he disposed his little force under cover
of the woods near the intersection ol the
Warrenton Turnpike and the Sudley Road.
Here he was attacked by the enemy in im-mensely
superior numbers, against which
he maintained himself wilh skill and un-shrinking
courage. General Bee, moving
towards tho enemy, guided by tho firing,
had, with a soldier's eye, selected tho po-sition
near the Henry House, and formed
his troops upon it. They were the 7tb and
8th Georgia, llii Alabama, 21 Mississippi,
and-lwo companies oi tho 11th Mississippi
regiment, wilh Imboden's battery. Eoing
•'■impelled, however, to sustain Colonel
Kvans, he crossed the valley and formed
on the right, and somewhat in advance of
his position. Hero the joint force, little
exceeding live regiments, with six field
pieces, hold the ground against about fifteen
thousand United States troops for an hour,
until, finding themselves outflanked by the j
continually arriving troops of the enemy,)
they fell back lo General Bee's first posi-tion,
upon the lino of which Jackson, just
arriving, formed his brigade and Standard's
battery. Col. Hampton, who by this time
hsd advanced with his legion as far as the
turnpike, rendered eminent servico in
maintaining the orderly character of the re-treat
from that point; and here fell the gal-lant
Lieutenant Colonel Johnson, his sec-ond
in command.
In the mean time, I awaited wilh Gener-al
Beaureg rd, near the centre, tbe full de-velopment
of the enemy's xosigns. About
11 o'clock tho violence of tho tiring on the
left indicated a battle, and the march of a
large body from the enemy's centre tow-ards
the conflict was shown by clouds of
dust. 1 was thus convinced that his great
effort was to be made with his right. I
stated this conviction to General Beaure-gard,
and the absolute necessity of immedi-ately
strengthening our left as much as pos-sible.
Orders were accordingly at once
sent to General Holmes and Colonel Early
lo move with all speed to tho sound of the
firing, ami IO General Bonham to send up
two of his regiments, and a battery. Gen.
Beanregard and 1 then hurried at a rapid
gallop to the scene of action about four
miles off On the way I directed my chief I
of artillery, Colonel Pendleton, to follow
with his own and Alburtis'e batteries. We
came not a moment too soon. Tho long
contest against five fold odds and heavy j
losses, especially ol field officers, had great-1
ly discouraged the tioops of Gen. Bee and
Col. Evans, "ur presence with them un-j
derflrs, and some example, had ti.e happi-est
effect on the spirit of the troops. Order
was soon restored, and the battle re-estab-lished,
to which the firmness of Jackson's
brigade greatiy contributed. Then, in a
brief and rapid conference, General Beau-regard
was assigned to the command ot tho
left, which, as the younger officer, be
claimed, while 1 returned to that ol" the
whole field. Tbe aspect of affairs Was ar-tificial,
but I 1 ad full confidence in tho skill
and indomitable courage of General Beau-regard,
the high BOlderly qualities of Gen-orals
Bee and Jackson, and Col. Evans,
and the devoted patriotism of their troops.
Orders were first dispatched to hasten the
march ol General Holmes, Colonel Early's
and General Bonham's regiments. Gener-al
Ewell was also directed to follow with all
speed. Many oi the broken troops, frag-ments
of broken coa'panics and individual
stragglers, were re-forraedand brought in-to
action with the aid of my staffand a por-tion
of General Beauregard's. Colonel
(Governor) Smith, with bis battalion, and
Col. Hampton, with his regiment, were or-j
dered up to reinforce the right. 1 have
I since learned that Gen. Beauregard had
previously ordered them into the battle.—
They belonged to his corps. Col. Smith's
! cheerful courage had a fine influence, not
! oiilv on the spirit of h:sown men, but upon
! the stragglers from the troops engaged. The
I largest body of these, equal to about lour
' companies, having no competent field offi-
I cers, I placed under command of one of my
staff. Col. I'. J. Thomas, who fell while gal-lantly
leading it against the enemy. These
reinforcements were ail sent to the right to
re-establish more perfectly that part of our
line. Having attended to these pressing
I duties, at the immediate scene of conflict
| my eye was next directed to Col. Cocke's
brigade, the nearest at band. Hastening to
his position, 1 desired him to lead his troops
into action, lie informed me, however,
that a large body ot the enemy beyond the
stream and below the bridge threatened us
from that quarter. He, was, therefore,
left in position.
My headquarters were now established
near tbe Lewis House. From this com-manding
elevation my view embraced the
position ol the enemy beyond tbe stream
and the approaches to the Stone Bridge, a
point of especial importance. 1 could also
see the advances of our troops far down I
the valley in the direction ot Manassas, and I
observe the progress of the action and tbe
manoeuvres of the enemy.
We had now sixteen guns and two hun-dred
and sixty cavalry and a little above
nino regiments af the army of tho Sbenan-doah,
and 6ix guns and less than the
strength of three regiments of that of the
Potomac, engaged with about thirty five
thousand United States troops, amongst
whom were full three thousand men of the
old regular army. Yet this admirable ar^
tillery and brave infantry and cavalry lost
no foot of ground. For nearly 3 hours they
maintained their position, repelling five
successive assaults by tho heavy masses of
tho enemy, whoso numbers enabled him
continually to bring up fresh troops as
their preceding columns were driven back-
Col. Stuart contributed to one of these re-pulses
by a well timed and vigorous charge
ou the enemy's right flank wilh two com-panies
of his cavalry. The efficiency of
our infantry and cavalry might have been
expected from a patriotic people accustom-ed,
like ours, to the management of arms
and horses, but that of tho artillery was
little less than wonderful. They wore
opposed to batteries far superior in tho
number, range and equipment of their guns,
with educated officers and thoroughly in-structed
soldiers. Wo had but one educa-ted
artillerist, Col. Peudletoc, that model of
a Christian soldier, yot they exhibited as
much superiority to the enemy in skill as
in courage. Their fire was superior both
in rapidity and precision.
About two o'clock, an officer of General
Beauregard's Adjutant General's offico gal-loped
from Manassas to report to me that a
U. S. army had reached ^ihc line of tho
Manassas Gap Railroad, was marching to-ward
us, and these but three or four mileB
from our left flank.
The expected reinforcements appeared
soon after. Col. Cocke was then
desired to lead his brigade into action
to supportthoright ofthotroops engaged,
which he did with alacrity and effect.—
Within a half hour tho two regiment? of
Gen. Bonham's brigade (Cash's and Kcr-sbaw's,)
came up, and were directed
against tho enemy's right which he seemed
to bejstrengthening. Fisher's North Caroli-na
regiment was soon after sent in the same
direction. About iJ o'clock, while tho ene-my
seemed to be striving to outflank and
drive back our left and thus separate us
from Manassas. General E. K. Smith ar-rived
with three regiments of Elzey's bri-gade.
He was instructed to attack the
right flank of the enemy now exposed to us.
Before the movement was completed befell
severely wounded. Colonel Elzcy at onco
taking command, executed it with great
promptitude and vigor- Gen. Beauregard
rapidly seized the opportunity thus affor-ded
him, and threw forward his whole line.
The enemy was driven back from the long
contested hill and victory was no longer
doubtful. Ho made yot another attempt to
retreive tho day. He again extended bis
right with a still wider sweep to turn our
left. J ust as he reformed to renew the battle,
Col. Early's three regiments came upon
tho field. The enemy's new formation ex-posed
his right flank more even than tho
previous ono. Col. Eariy was, therefore,
ordered to throw himself directly upon it,
supported by Col. Stuart's cavalry and
Beckham'a battery. He executed this at-tack
bravely and well, while a simultaneous
charge was made by Gen. Beauregard in
front. The enemy was broken by this
combined attack. He lost all the artillery
which he had advanced to the scene of the
conflict; he had no tnoro fresh troops to
rally on, and a general rout ensued.
Instructions wero instantly sent to Gen.
Bon ham to march by tho quickest route to
the turnpike, to intercept tho fugitives;
and to Gen. LongBtreet, to follow asciosely
as possibly upon ti.e right. Their progress
was checked by the enemy's reserve, and
by night at Centrcville.
Schenck's brigade made a shrj'it demon-stration
towards Lewis's loid, which was
quickly cheeked by ilolmu's brigade, which
had just arrived from the right. His artil-lery,
under Capt. Walter, was used with
great skill.
Col. Stuart pressed the pursuit of the en-emy's
principal line ot retreat, the Sudley
road. Four companies of ibo cavalry, un-der
Col. Radford and Lieut-Col. Munf'ord,
which 1 had held in reserve, were ordered
to cross the stream at Ball's ford, to reach
the turnpike, the line of retreat of tho ene-my's
kit. Our cavalry found the roads
encumbered with dead and wounded,
(many of whom seemed to have been
thrown from wagons,) arms, accoutre-ments,
and clothing.
A report came to me from tho right that
a strong body of Cnited States troops,
weio advancing upon Mar.assas. General
Holmes, wh> had just ieachcd the field,
and Gen. Ewell on his way to it, were or-dered
to meet this unexpected attack.—
Tbey found no fee, however.
Our victory was a complete as one gained
bv infantry and artillery can be. An ade-quate
force of cavalry would have made it
decisive.
It is due, under Almighty God, to tbe
skill and resolution of Generol Beauregard.
the admiiablc conductof Generals Beo, E.
K. Smith, and Jackson, and of Colonels
^commanding brigades; Evans, Cocke, Ear-ly,
and Elzey, and the courago and unyield-ing
firmness of our patriotic volunteers.—
The admirable character of our troops is in-
! conteslably proved by the result of this
j battle, especially when it is remembereo
I that little more than six thousand men of
the army of the Shenandoah, with sixteen
1 guns, and less than 2,1)01) ot that of tbe Poto-
' mac, withe six guns, lot five hours success-fully
resisted thirty-five thousand United
States troops, wilh a powerfull artillery
and a superior force ot regular cavalry.—
Our forces engaged, gradually increasing
during the coinedI, amounted to but ■
men at the close ot the battie. The brunt
of this hard-fought engagement fell npon
tbe troops who held their grounds so long
with such heroic resolution. Tho unfading
honor which they won was dearly bought
with tbe blood ol our best and bravest.—
Their loss was tar heavier, in proportion,
than that of the U oops corning later into
action.
Every regiment and battery engaged
performed its part well. Tho comuai.-
ders of brigades have been already n.en-tioned.
1 refer you to General Beaure-gard's
report for the names of the officer* of
the army of the Potomac who distinguished
themselves moat. I cannot enumerate all
of the army of the Shcnandoah who deserve
distinction, and will confine myself to those
of high grade,—Cols. Bartow and Fisher,
(killed,) Jones, (mortally wounded.) Har-per,
J F Preston, Cumminga, Falkner,
Gartrell, and Vaugban; J E B Stuart of the
cavalry, and Pendleton of tbe artillery,
Lieutenant Colonel Echols, Ligbtfoot,
Lackland, G H Stewart, and Gardner. The
last-named gallant-officer was severely
wounded.
The lost of the army of tho Potomac waa
108 killed, 510 wounded, 12 missing. That
of tho array of the Shenandoah was 870
killed,979 wounded, 18 missing.
Total killed, 878
Total wounded, 1,489
Total miasing, 30
That of the enemy could not be aacor-tained.
It must have been between 4,000
and 6,000. Twenty eight pieces of artille-ry
about 6,000 muakets, and nearly 5OO,t'O0
cartridges; a garrison flag and 10 color*,
were captured on the field, or in the pur-suit.
Besides these, we captured 04 artil-lery
horses, with ther harness, 26 wagons,
and much camp equipage, clothing, and
other property abandoned in their flight
The officers of my staff deserve high
commendation for their efficient and gal-lant
servico during the day and the cam-paign,
and I beg leave to call the attention
of tbe Government to their merits. Major
W. H. C. Whiting, Chief Engineer, was
invaluable to mo for his signal ability in
his profession and for his indefatigable ac-tivity
before and in tho battle. Major Mo-
Clean, Chief Quartermaster, and Major
Kearsloy, Chief Commissary conducted
their respective departments with skill and
energy. Major Rhott, A. A. General, who
joined me only the day before, was of
groat sorv^e. I left him at Manassaa, nnd
to hisexperiencoandonergy I entrusted iho
care of ordering my troops to the field of
battle as tiey should arrive, und forward-ing
ammunition for the artillery during tho
action. Captains C. M. Fauntleroy, C. S.
Navy, T. L. Preston, A. A. A. General,
Lieutenant, J. B. Washington, A. I). C,
conveyed my orders bravely and well on
this theii first field, as did sevoral gallant
gentlcmi n who volunteered their services
—Colonel Cole ol Florida, Major Deas of
Alabama, and Colonel Duc&O ol Kentucky.
Lieutenant Beverly Randolph, C. S. N .
aided Colonel F. J. Thomas in the com-mand
o'the body ot troops he led into ac-tion,
Bod fought with gallantry. With
theso was my gallant friend, Captain Bar-low
Mason, who was mortally wounded. I
havo a.ready mentioned the brave death of
ordinance officer Colonel F. J. Thomas. I
was much indebted, also, to Colonels J. J.
Preston, Manning, Miles, and Chisholni,
and Captain Steveses, of the Engineer
Corps, members of General Bearegaid's
staff, who kindly proffered their services,
and rendered efficient and valuable aid at
differed times during the day. Colonel it.
W. Lay, of General Bonham's staff, deliver-ed
my instructions to tho troops sent in
pursuit and to intercept the enemy, with
much intelligence and courage.
ft will be remarked that the three Brig-adier-
Generals of the Army of tho Shen-andoah
were all wounded. 1 have already
mentioned the wound of Genoral Smith.—
General Jackson, though painfully woun-ded
early in the day, commanded his hri
gado to the close of the action. General
Boo, after great exposure at the commence
ment of the engagement, was mortally
wounded just as our reinforcements were
coming up.
The apparent firmness of the United
States troops at Centrcville who had not
been engaged, which checked our purpnit,
ihe strong forces occupying the works near
Georgetown, Arlington and Alexandria,
the certainty, too, that Gen. Patterson, if
needed, would reach Washington, with his
army of thirty thousand men, sooner than
we could, and the condition and inadequate
means of the army in ammunition, provis-ions
and transportation, prevented any
serious thoughts of advancing against the
Capital. It Ucoitain that tho fresh troops
within tho works wore, in number, quite
sufficient for their defence, it not, Gen.
Patterson's army would certainly reinforce
them soon enough.
This report will be presented to you by
Aid-do-Cainp, Lieut. J. B. Washington, by
whom, and by Gen. Beauregard's Aid,
Lieut. Fcrcuson, the captured colors are
transmitted to the War Department.
Most respectfully,
Your ob't servant,
J. E. JOHNSTON, Gonera!.
R. H. CIIILTON, A. A. Goneral.
Gen. Beauregard at Kaabvtlle.
The Nashville Bannerol the 3.t, speak-ing
of tho Jarrival Ol Gen. Beauregard in
that city, says:
This distinguished hero nnd patr!< t
arrived in this city yesterday afternoon on
I tho Chattanooga train. Although it Ml
not generally known that ho would arrive
! in the city, and tho limited number who
! knew it had only learned the fact a few
I minutes before tho arrival of tho train, a
i considerable crowd of our citizens were at
| the depot to greet the illustrious general]
I When he made his appearanco on the
platform, ho was greeted with tremendous
| cheers, which he gracefully acknowledge d
| by a few remarks, in which he excused
I himself from speaking, saying that he
: was a man of actions and not of words,
I and woer ho returned from his mission ol
j expelling tho invader from our soil, ho
! would then endeavor to give somo account
> of his actions.
As ho proceeded along Church street to
I tho St. Cloud Hotel in a carriage, the side-walks
were lined with citizens and ladic-.
At tho St. Cloud another crowd had
assombled to catch a glimpso of him, and
he was again "coerced" to make Ilia
appeaianco and complimont the crowd
with a few appropriate remark*, wsrfch
were enthusiastically received.
We learn that the distinguished general
will pr/bably take his departure today.
tJllv^r-SBiltto—l'ae subscriber liw BawakM-O
edol Mr. Jluber his m»ieri»b. and in prepared
to do on the ..borteal notice, all kinds of WAU.'H
| AND*CLOCK KKl'AIKlNU. Work warranted to
nl'raae Cliarsrw moderate. Shop opposite Albright'•
Soul. m»28-ly DAVID bUOTI.
ract
than wo
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on the
male-had
* *■»»*•« Account or ttin n,.<«i~
.rM«, 8prU,a; JearV^J?:.,";££
tacky.
The following account of the battie
ncar Somerset, Ky, publiahed in the N'ew
York Herald, may »i«re , more ^
idea of that unfortunate affair
have yet received:
THB BATTLf OF MILL SPWXo.
SoMaaaax KY., J»n,
1 he movement* ot Gen. Thomas
manding the Fourth Biviafoo of tho'
of Oon.lJuell, which bad any relation I
latest achievement, war* begun H c«
tbe 1st of the mcutb, when tbe priraa
part of his division look up it. ao'itii^ .
Columbia, in Adaircoaoty, ba.mg k>f-< th,
br.gadesofQeu.AlvinSohoapff ana
Carter 19 miles west o/ Somerset,
abou-.tli0samoor lea. di.Unce non
tien. Zollicoffere entrenchments
Cumberland. Gen Thomas had .
the brigades of Generals Boyle, Ward, iia-son
ecL, trora their encampment at Colum-bia
from whence he designed making flank
movement, which, though not compl-ied
as intended and frualrated in the in.por ant
particular, has yot resulted in tho ei.-nal
defeat of this part of iha rebel army with
a f jrco the full and exact uumber of «I i,h
lamuoiable to send, but c rtainly | m.
prising tho greater part of ihe two brigades
of Generals Boyle and Alaaon.
Among the forces engaged in the fight, ,
is eertain there were the Tenth India is.
Ninth Ohio Second Minnesota, Tenth | nl
Fourth Kentucky, and the Eighteenth
Regulars,
Tho Tenth Indiana and Eighteenth I at
olars were reinforoomenu which rea'
Gen. Thomas on Saturday morning. | nd
ihcy wore compelled to make a fijr.ied
man h over twenty live miles to rcaci he
position iu time. ' t
This position, to which (t»n. TbomaHiad
proceeded, and in which he had halt.-
Saturday night with a view of croaainaj
Cumberland and pushing on towirda
lice'lo, in about six miles east of Jame
and twelve miles west of Mill Spring
entrenchments of ZoIIicollcr at White
creek. -f
A country road leading to Jsmefown
runs due cast for six Bailee, crossing two
smali streams, and traversing a n King
country, thence taking a turn southeast
and crossing iho Cumberland aoaliueei in
ihe same direction to Moniicello. In the
immediate vicinity of the two small Mnams
crossed by this road tho country in tuito
hilly, and to the south becomes roug.i and
rugged, culminating in ihe lofty :c«g"
that form tho banks oi tho Cumber!u>il Bl
tins point. Tho road named, b..wi ver,
avoids theso crags, and following*the
course of a small stream two miles luj her
east finds a good descent and crossing .J tho
river.
The field of battle was, as thus show.
rolling track, without being pohin
hilly—of a character to furnish advant
in the bands of a general who knew ho
use them. On this field General Tho1
preparatory to crossing, encamped on
urday evening, the l-'Sth, with fore
which the following is a proportion i
Ninth Ohio regiment volunteers.
Tenth Indiana regimont volunteers.
Socond Minnesota regiment volunteers.
Fourth Kentucky regiment volun'o if.
Eighteenth reigiment United States reg-ulars.
Two full batteries of anilory.
While this movement was being made
ihe two brigades of General Hhoeili and
Carter encamped near Somerset, and com-manded
by General Schoopff. had not been
idle. As early as the morning ot tho 17th
a movomentoT the par'.of Goueral SI'ocpiT
was begun. Four regiments of inlantry
a» enumerated bHow, and Captain E
art's battery of flying artillery, left (heir
camp al Somerset, taking
rations, and began to march for a poll
Fishing creek, five miles north of Zol
fer's intrenchments, and consequently
tho mouth of the stream. Two rcgii
were It It in camp asa reserve, Col. V:iE
veer in command. The force under
Scboepfl in the march to Fishingcreel&on-sistcd
of the foll>wiLg :
c.KNERAL SCIIOEI'IF's B&IUAHI..
Brigadier General Alvin Sehoepll,
:: anding.
Seventh regiment Kentucky Volun'-ers.
Twelfth regiment Kentucky Volui t ers.
i.l.NKKAI. CAlli 111'» nun.AM..
Brigadier Goneral Cartor, comma, ding.
First regiment Tennessee Volunteers
Second regiment Tennesneo Volui.teerf.
At the same time that this forward LI >r.--
mctit w;n made by General Shocpff rein-forcements
wore forwarded from liun el-burg,
and the reaervo was strengthened by
two regiments left at Somerset and a bat-tery.
This reserve consisted of four regi-ments,
under Colonel Vandervccr, o! tho
Thirty fifth Ohio regiment.
The intention of General Bueil—'A!,.., in
hie quarters at Louisville, appears lo leave
throe (jay's
ou
cof-ieflr
cuts
der-ail.
planned the whole affair—waa, thi
iwo forces of Thomas and Scboepfl'
attackZollicoft'cr in hi* intrenchmen
the same time. .But, with a vigor of dj
and execution worthy ot being ext
wilh more success in a better ca•>■-.
ral Zollicoftor with a torco of about
men marched out/m the night ol th'
ii,-t , und, at any early hour *M Sunilh
19th inst, attacked General Thomas'!
in his camp, at the point I havo des*
and which is familiarly ki own as
oul.l
at
sign
■ Bed
one •
18th
iho
rco
V.'ibb's
Cross Beads, and, nituatcd on Wolf t/'lkj
Altli'-ugh it cannot be .-aid that G<
Thomas waa taken by supprise it i not
defHnitely nettled that ho anticipated at
any attack. But in the clo»e of p.cxii ity
in 'which he was to Gen. Zollicotler, he WOK
-ver percaution, and when, at an .urly
hour, and before dawn of day, his pickets,
were driven in by the advancing force iho
I main body was aroused and prepared to
receive the rebels. ,
, Thr encampment began about 4 °;Kk
I in the morning, and engagement b«i«ai
.goneral abortly afterwards, toaketa
succeeding in b:i design of su:pr,smg
Th< mas in his camp. Gen ZoJIicofler I
Ihe whole force, fresh Irom a long n«, U-. .
, rest, prepared to receive the weary I 11
be bad rapidly marched to the field.
I the conflict on both sides waa lerrift
i evinced by the eaaulfa reported 'hat
j the rebel* looght gallantry there
of
• en.
1 und
lit.3
it ■
I no
mi